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Biomedical subjects

G Hautmann

Publications and source records attributed to G Hautmann.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Neuropeptides in skin.

Neuropeptides are a heterogeneous group of more than 50 molecules that play a role in various cutaneous functions and diseases; they act as neuromodulators, neurotransmitters, neurohormones, and hormones. In the skin, neuropeptides are synthesized locally (i.e., in keratinocytes and in endothelial cells) and are transported by nerve fibers or immune cells (i.e., lymphocytes, monocytes, and polymorphonuclear cells). Specific receptors and binding sites for neuropeptides have been described in different cell lines in the skin (keratinocytes, endothelial cells, immune cells, fibroblasts). Many different biologic actions of neuropeptides have been demonstrated. Depletion of cutaneous neuropeptides (i.e., with capsaicin cream) or therapeutic use of neuropeptide agonists and/or antagonists may aid in the treatment of skin diseases.

Capsaicin↗
PubMed1995

Stress, stigmatization and psychosomatic purpuras.

Stress is a term that is readily recognized by everyone but defines rigorous scientific definition. It is widely interpreted as the emotional and biologic responses to novel or threatening situations. In humans, however, the term "distress" seems to be preferable, more clearly defining the fact that is the response that is being referred to, rather than the stimulus. Distress has been postulated to be capable of precipitating an overt illness, as when it occurs coincidentally with an incipient infection or neoplasm. Moreover, it is able to provoke several disorders and symptoms in many tissues and organs, including the skin. In this paper the authors focus on the main characteristics of stress and emphasize the relevance of psychosomatic medicine that proposes the simultaneous examination of psyche and soma. Special consideration is given to a peculiar form of skin disease, psychogenic purpura, together with the stigmata of mystics that, in large part, seem to be conditioned or provoked (or provocable) by emotional stress or by psychic influences on cutaneous fibrinolytic activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

The role of regulatory peptides in the pathogenesis of cutaneous necrotizing vasculitis.

Cutaneous necrotizing vasculitides (CNV) are a group of clinical disorders characterized by: 1) angiocentric segmental inflammation, 2) cellular infiltrate, 3) red cell extravasation, 4) fibrinoid necrosis of the blood vessels, and possibly 5) nuclear debris. There are many classifications of vasculitides based or on the diameter of the vessels or on the type of the cellular infiltrate. In this paper we outline the major key role played by the endothelium in this pathological process and the possible role of the regulatory peptides in the pathogenesis of CNV. Despite there are not direct yet clear evidences of the role of neuropeptides in the pathogenesis of cutaneous necrotizing vasculitis, we suggest a possible major role of them, on the basis of the activity of regulatory peptides on microvascular endothelium, on polymorphonuclear chemotaxys and on lymphocytic functions. Thus, neuropeptides and endothelins could act on the tone of the vessel, provoking vasodilation or vasoconstriction, determining a possible stimulus to inflammation and/or venular thrombosis. The release of neuropeptides at the sites of local inflammation could modulate the activity of nearby inflammatory cells and other tissue elements. Organs with neuropeptidergic fibers in high density, such as the skin, could be particularly susceptible to perturbations from inflammation-derived neuropeptides.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Atypical mycobacterial infections of the skin.

The term nontuberculosis mycobacteria or environmental mycobacteria should now be used rather than atypical mycobacteria. This article reviews the epidemiology and prevalence of the infections in humans as well as classifies them into four groups.

Humans↗