The effect of thiamine deficiency on the pyruvate decarboxylase system of the central nervous system.
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
G Hauser
Publications and source records attributed to G Hauser.
Energy- and sodium-dependent uptake of inositol by kidney cortex slices.
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Animals↗
Alterations in the metabolism of choline-containing phospholipids by lithium and carbachol in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells.
To investigate choline phospholipid metabolism in the human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y, cultures labeled with [14C-methyl]choline were incubated for up to 30 min in Krebs-Ringer-glucose-N-2-hydroxyethyl-piperazine-N1-2-ethane sulfonic acid (HEPES) buffer with or without 10 mmol/L LiCl. When desired, 1 mmol/L of the muscarinic agonist carbamoylcholine was present during the last minute of incubation. When cells were exposed for 10 min to lithium, radioactivity in phosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylcholine, and sphingomyelin was 40%-140% higher than in controls incubated in buffer only. This contrasted with the results from carbamoylcholine-containing incubations, which gave radioactivities lower than or equal to controls. Carbamoylcholine added to the LiCl-containing incubations yielded results only minimally different from LiCl alone. Phosphorylcholine radioactivity was also elevated by about 50% after 10 min incubation with LiCl with or without added carbamoylcholine, but was not increased in incubations with the agonist by itself. Similar changes were observed for intracellular choline but after only 5 min. These data suggest that carbamoylcholine does not stimulate phosphatidylcholine degradation, whereas LiCl can significantly affect its metabolism and may affect signal transduction via second messengers in human neuroblastoma cells.
Carbachol↗
Size and shape in dermatoglyphic analysis of palmar interdigital areas.
With very few exceptions, dermatoglyphic methodology either refers to shape (pattern) or to size (quantitative value). In this study, an attempt is made to consider simultaneously these two basic components of morphology in the analysis of the third palmar interdigital area. For this purpose, three criteria of shape and bc ridgecount (size) were studied in 150 male and 150 female Viennese pupils, and were each classified according to whether they could be interpreted as showing strong reduction, slight reduction or no reduction. Their frequencies alone and in combination were calculated. Their interrelation with the mean ridge counts and their comparison with the traditional reduction types of c-triradius or mainline C strongly suggest that the traditional notation is not sufficiently precise to evaluate criteria of reduction which are thought to indicate different embryonic growth patterns.
Child↗
Secular change in height in Austria: an effect of population stratification?
The records of height on some 700,000 18-year-old Austrian males, called for examination as to their fitness for conscription, were analysed. The data covered 14 conscription years (1980-93), representing males born in the years 1962-75. The sample covered over 90% of the total male population of those cohorts in Austria. The data were analysed by birth year to show the secular trend in 18-year-old stature and its rate, which overall amounted to 0.53 cm/decade. Analysis by urban-rural residence showed that both participated in the trend, but that the urban-rural differences were appreciably less than the differences between the types of school the young men had attended. The rate of increase over the 14 years was less within each of the eight subgroups (urban-rural, four school categories). It is argued that the secular trend in height that has occurred is largely attributable to the change in social stratification, as evidenced by the changed proportion of subjects who attended schools of different types.
Adolescent↗
Molecular species of glycerophospholipids and diacylglycerols of cultured SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells.
Total lipid extracts were obtained from SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells grown to confluency in mycoplasma-free 10% fetal calf serum. The major glycerophospholipid classes and free diacylglycerols (DAG) were isolated and quantitated by silicic acid and DEAE-cellulose column and thin-layer chromatography. The choline (CGPL), ethanolamine (EGPL), serine (SGPL), and inositol (IGPL) glycerophospholipids were converted to the corresponding diradylglycerols by phospholipase C. The molecular species of the diradylglycerols were determined by capillary gas-liquid chromatography of the trimethylsilyl or t-butyldimethylsilyl ethers. The CGPL was rich in the oligoenoic species and IGPL was rich in the polyenoic species, especially the 18:0-20:4(n-6). The EGPL contained 30-40% diacyl, 60-64% alkenylacyl, and 1-3% alkylacyl species, which were also rich in polyenoic derivatives. Small amounts of alkenylacyl species were detected also in CGPL. The cellular DAG possessed a molecular species composition halfway between those of the DAG moieties of CGPL and IGPL. The cells grown in the presence of 10% calf serum exhibited great variability in the content of 20:3(n-9) fatty acid, which was found to substitute for the 20:4(n-6) acid in the molecular species with 18:0 in both IGPL and DAG. The 20:3(n-9) was largely absent from the CGPL, but occurred also in EGPL, where it was preferentially associated with 18:0 in the diacyl but with 18:1 in the alkylacyl and alkenylacyl species. The detailed documentation of molecular species of glycerophospholipids of the neuroblastoma cells offers new opportunities for identification of the source of free DAG released in transmembrane signalling.
Diglycerides↗