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Biomedical subjects

G H McMillan

Publications and source records attributed to G H McMillan.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Back pain in aircrew--an initial survey.

BACKGROUND: In the early 1990's staff at a Royal Naval Air Station formed the view that pilots and observers of the Navy Lynx helicopter fleet appeared to have a higher incidence of back pain, to be seeking medical assistance more frequently and to be spending more time medically "unfit to fly" when compared to their counterparts in other helicopters. HYPOTHESIS: To quantify the incidence of low back pain in helicopter aircrew by use of a questionnaire. METHODS: A questionnaire was used to establish the prevalence and nature of back pain in Naval aircrew (161) compared to a control group of randomly selected non-flying military personnel (310). RESULTS: Results show that aircrew (82%) experience significantly more back pain than controls (52%) (p < 0.01) though the nature of pain was similar in both groups. Significantly more aircrew (73%) than controls (49%) (p < 0.01) reported a previous history of back pain and report pain in shoulders (19%), midback (42%), lower back (72%) and across the buttocks (12%). Ergonomic factors were thought to be causative. Of aircrew surveyed, 11 (8%) had been issued with personal lumbar supports which resulted in major subjective improvements in flight-related symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Helicopter aircrew have a higher incidence of back pain. Crew station design was identified as a major contributor to the prevalence of back pain while personal supports reduced the levels of discomfort. While these findings are not new, no significant steps have been taken to redesign the crew station. It is recommended that personal supports are provided to all aircrew and that a more detailed study of crew station ergonomics is indicated following a more comprehensive study of prevalence of back pain in Royal Navy aircrew.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Care of World War II convoy casualties in the Kola area of north Russia. Part 2--The Royal Naval Auxiliary Hospital, Vaenga.

The Royal Naval Auxiliary Hospital at Vaenga, North Russia was operational from October 1942 to July 1945. Care and treatment were provided to 752 male and one female in-patients from Arctic convoy merchant ships and their escorts and Allied personnel who became sick or injured while in the Kola area. One hundred and forty nine of the men were casualties of enemy action. An account is given of the hospital's structure, staff, organisation and work.

Female↗
PubMed1982

Development of radiological and clinical evidence of parenchymal fibrosis in men with non-malignant asbestos-related pleural lesions.

After assessment of radiographs taken in 1966, 201 men employed at HM Dockyard, Devonport, were judged to have pleural abnormalities due to exposure to asbestos but to be free from small opacities (ILO U/C 1971 category 1/1 or more), mesothelioma, or bronchial carcinoma. By 1976, 32 of these men had died. Of the survivors, 155 were re-examined to determine the attack rates of parenchymal fibrosis or malignant disease, or both. In 1976, 16 (10.3%) of the survivors had radiographs showing small opacities of category 1/1 or more. When additional clinical criteria had to be satisfied before a diagnosis of parenchymal fibrosis was made the attack rate in the survivors was 4.5%. These attack rates were substantially higher than those observed in a sample of men with no initial pleural abnormality but were unrelated to age, smoking habit, occupation, duration of exposure to asbestos, or type of pleural abnormality. The number of cases of malignant disease was too small to allow any reliable conclusions.

Asbestos↗
PubMed1982

Comparison of independent randomised reading of radiographs with direct progression scoring for assessing change in asbestos-related pulmonary and pleural lesions.

Direct scoring of progression of pleural and parenchymal lesions was compared with change assessed by independent readings to the ILO classification among 155 men from HM Dockyard, Devonport, followed-up for 10 years. For pleural calcification the two methods agreed closely, whereas direct scoring yielded relatively too little progression of small opacities and too much progression of pleural thickening. The choice of method for assessing progression should depend on objectives.

Asbestos↗
PubMed1979

HLA-A and B antigen frequencies in an asbestos exposed population with normal and abnormal chest radiographs.

Previous studies of HLA antigen frequencies in asbestos related pulmonary fibrosis have suggested some weak associations both with susceptibility to the disease (B12 and B27) and protection from the disease (B18 and Bw35). HLA typing was performed on a further series of 64 asbestos workers with no chest abnormality and 166 workers with various radiographic changes, 78 having pulmonary fibrosis. The results fail to give statistical confirmation of these associations although B27 was twice as frequently associated with pulmonary fibrosis and diffuse pleural thickening. Analysis of the combined data from this and four other studies failed to show any consistent associations.

Asbestosis↗