Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

G Guidi

Publications and source records attributed to G Guidi.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Total and free PSA serum concentrations are not influenced by extensive physical exercise and bicycle riding.

Vigorous and prolonged physical exercise and mechanical involvement of the perineal region might influence prostatic function and measurement of both total (PSA) and free prostate specific antigen (fPSA), decreasing the diagnostic efficiency of the laboratory screening for either benign or neoplastic prostate disorders in athletes. To investigate the effects of regular and strenuous physical exercise with or without bicycle riding on integrity and biochemical function of prostatic tissue, we measured serum PSA and fPSA in 69 elite and professional cyclists, 31 members of the Italian national cross-country ski team, and in 43 sedentary healthy controls. The concentration of both PSA and fPSA did not differ significantly between sedentary individuals and physically active cross-country skiers (PSA 0.43 +/- 0.30 vs. 0.36+/-0.25, ns; fPSA 0.16+/-0.12 vs. 0.12+/-0.12, ns) or cyclists (PSA 0.43 +/- 0.30 vs. 0.36 +/- 0.23, ns; fPSA 0.16 +/- 0.12 vs. 0.13 +/- 0.08, ns), and the relative distribution of values appeared almost overlapping. We hypothesize that neither a heavy and regular physical exercise nor the extensive and prolonged mechanical involvement of the prostate region by the bicycle riding have significant influence on release of both PSA and fPSA.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Adenine nucleotides and some related enzyme activities (adenylate kinase and phosphoglycerate kinase) in normal and abnormal human semen.

Adenine nucleotides (ATP and ADP) and enzyme activities of Adenylate Kinase (AK) and Phosphoglycerate Kinase (PGK) were assayed on semen samples from normal and infertile men. In accordance with the values obtained, samples could be classified into two groups: one group with levels of either adenine nucleotides and enzymes assumed as normal; a second group with high levels of all the parameters. The latter group comprised the samples with low sperm density (less than 40 million/ml). When the samples were subdivided according to sperm motility, the above distinction into two groups appeared less evident. Moreover, comparing biochemical parameters with morphological findings some contrasts were seen. Nevertheless, we suggest comparing both biochemical and morphological data for a more detailed classification of human semen abnormalities.

Adenine Nucleotides↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immunostimulation of neutrophil phagocytic function by RU41740 (Biostim) in elderly subjects.

On this randomized, double-blind trial we investigated the effect of RU41740, a glycoprotein extracted from Klebsiella pneumoniae, on human neutrophil function after oral administration to elderly subjects with a previously demonstrated phagocytic defect. Six subjects were given RU41740 orally at a daily dose of 2 mg for one week the first month and of 1 mg for one week the second month, while six subjects received placebo. Already after the first week of treatment with RU41740 (T1) and more evidently 3 weeks after the last administration of the first course of therapy (T2), a significant improvement of the neutrophil phagocytic capacity was observed; at the time T2, as well as at the end of the second course of therapy (T3), the phagocytic capacity was completely restored with no differences between control and aged subjects. Similar results were obtained in the chemiluminescence assays. As expected, placebo had no significant effect on neutrophil functions. No significant differences were observed between the two group of elderly subjects for total or differential leukocyte number. These results suggest that RU41740 exerts, almost in part, its clinical effect, i.e. the prevention of recurrent infections, by stimulating blood neutrophil phagocytic function.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The plasma glutathione peroxidase enzyme in hemodialyzed subjects.

The kidney is probably the major site of production of the plasma enzyme glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx-P). For this study, GSHPx-P activity was determined in 40 healthy people, in 34 patients with differing degrees of renal impairment, and in hemodialysis patients from whom blood samples were withdrawn either before or after each session (18 patients) or throughout the dialysis session (27 patients). Hemodialysis patients were treated by means of different techniques (bicarbonate hemodialysis, hemodiafiltration, and acetate free biofiltration), and different membranes (cuprophane, polyacrylonitrite, and polymethylmethacrylate). The following results were obtained: 1) GSHPx-P activity was significantly decreased in renal impairment patients; 2) GSHPx-P activity negatively correlated with serum creatinine values in renal impairment patients (r = -0.55; p < 0.001); and 3) the enzyme activity slightly increased after the session in hemodialysis patients. The following conclusions can be drawn: GSHPx-P activity could be new index of renal function, because it was decreased in patients with renal failure; the decrease in GSHPx-P activity paralleled the severity of renal impairment, and was maximal in hemodialysis patients; GSHPx-P activity was slightly raised at the end of the hemodialysis session, concomitant with other enzyme activities (aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase) and total protein concentration. This seems to be attributable to the process of water loss rather than other hypothetical mechanisms, such as A) enzyme activation by either peroxide generation during blood-membrane contact, or by the removal of a hypothetical inhibitor; and B) de novo synthesis in the residual renal mass or in other sites of production.

Body Water↗