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Biomedical subjects

G Gross

Publications and source records attributed to G Gross.

315 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

New formulation of aqueous flunisolide nasal spray in the treatment of allergic rhinitis: comparative assessment of safety, tolerability, and efficacy.

This 6-week, multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial compared the safety, efficacy, and tolerability of a new formulation of flunisolide nasal spray with the original formulation in the treatment of allergic rhinitis due to mountain cedar pollenosis. It was conducted at three clinical centers in close geographic proximity. A total of 216 patients, ranging in age from 14 to 77 years (mean, 44 years), took at least one dose of study drug and therefore were evaluable for the safety analysis. A total of 185 patients (85%) completed the study, and 136 patients were evaluable for the efficacy analysis. Both formulations of flunisolide were comparable in terms of relief of rhinitis symptoms, and the new flunisolide formulation was better tolerated than the original formulation. Both active formulations were superior to their respective vehicles (P < 0.001) using multiple measures of allergic rhinitis symptoms relief. Use of escape medication (chlorpheniramine maleate) was significantly (P < or = 0.034) greater in the placebo group when compared with their respective active treatment groups. No therapeutic effect was observed with symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis. Significantly fewer patients who were treated with the new formulation flunisolide reported nasal burning and stinging when compared with the original formulation (P = 0.006). In conclusion, the new formulation showed similar efficacy and improved tolerability in the treatment of allergic rhinitis compared with the original formulation. This new formulation not only offers clinicians a useful therapeutic addition for the treatment of allergic rhinitis, but may also improve patient compliance.

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Gene knockout mice in the study of parturition.

OBJECTIVE: To review recent studies of parturition control in mice with relevance to understanding the control of human parturition. METHODS: Assimilation of published studies of gene knockout mice with mutations in neuropeptides, prostaglandin synthetic enzymes and receptors, and other molecules implicated in parturition. RESULTS: The central role of prostaglandins in murine labor is demonstrated by mice with gene mutations at multiple levels of the prostaglandin synthetic pathway. In addition, novel molecules such as steroid 5 alpha-reductase are found to play an essential role in the progression of labor. Surprisingly, deficiency of neuropeptides such as oxytocin and corticotropin-releasing hormone have little effect on parturition. CONCLUSION: Molecular genetic analyses in mice provide an efficient way to define molecules critical for murine parturition. Extrapolation of the importance of these molecules to human parturition provides the next challenge.

3-Oxo-5-alpha-Steroid 4-Dehydrogenase↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Making it work: planning and executing a successful LIS installation.

This article relates how to plan and execute a successful laboratory information system (LIS) installation for those installing a first LIS, converting to a new LIS, or upgrading the current LIS. It covers the planning process, schedule adherence, vendor relationships, project team management, and system readiness, as well as post-installation issues.

Clinical Laboratory Information Systems↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Enhancement of fatty acid mobilization and oxidation by glucose-xylitol compared to glucose alone in posttraumatic and septic patients.

INTRODUCTION: The objective of this study was to provide further information about the influence of xylitol on glucose and fatty acid metabolism after trauma and during sepsis. METHODS: In study I 18 metabolically normal patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting operation were randomly assigned into three groups. Group I (C I, n = 6) received 2 mg/kgBW/min of glucose, group II (C II, n = 6) 2 mg/kgBW/min of a glucose/xylitol mixture (1:1) and group III (C III, n = 6) 1 ml/kgBW/min of an isotonic saline solution. Infusions were applied over a 24-h-period following operation. Concentrations of glucose, lactate, insulin and single free fatty acids were measured before and after surgery and at 6-h-intervals over 36 hours postoperatively. In study II 5 septic patients were intravenously given 4 mg/kgBW/min glucose over a 6-h-period. Energy supply was then changed to a glucose/xylitol (1:1) regimen in an equicaloric dosage of 4 mg/kgBW/min for six hours again. Hepatic glucose production ([6,6-d2]-glucose), palmitate oxidation ([1-13C]-palmitate) and lactate concentrations were analyzed at the end of each infusion regime with the help of stable isotope technique and an enzymatic test, respectively. RESULTS: In study I glucose and insulin concentrations in C II and III were significantly lower than in C I during the postoperative infusion period. Highest lactate concentrations were measured in C I after 6 hours of infusion. Free fatty acids in C I remained at significantly lower levels compared to C II and III until glucose infusion was stopped. In septic patients (study II) xylitol led to significant lower hepatic glucose production rates and lactate concentrations than glucose, whereas palmitate oxidation increased. CONCLUSIONS: During the acute phase after trauma and during sepsis a carbohydrate supplementation with xylitol was superior to glucose alone because high plasma glucose concentrations were avoided, highly energy consuming hepatic glucose production was reduced and the release and oxidative utilization of free fatty acids was enhanced.

Blood Glucose↗