Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

G Gross

Publications and source records attributed to G Gross.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Correlation between human papillomavirus (HPV) type and histology of warts.

Forty warts from different patients and of different clinical type were examined histologically and virologically. Eight lesions were found to be associated with human papillomavirus type 1 (HPV 1), 15 tumors were induced by HPV 2, HPV 3 was detected 4 times, HPV 4 twice, and HPV 6 eleven times. HPV 3, HPV 4, and HPV 6 induced warts revealed a correlation between histology and virus type. They are characterized by the so called "edematous type clear cells". In HPV 3 associated flat warts pycnotic nuclei were mainly localized in the center of large vacuoles. In genital warts sickle shaped nuclei were pushed to the margin of the vacuolized cells. The histology of HPV 1 and HPV 2 induced warts was more heterogenous. With one exception HPV 1-induced lesions represented typical myrmecia warts, varying in the number and shape of inclusion bodies. HPV 2 associated common warts, however, revealed 3 very distinct histologic features: (1) Inclusion wart typical for HPV 1, (2) Classical common wart with marked condensation of keratohyalin granules, (3) Warts with extreme vacuolization of squamous and granular cells leading to a honeycomb-like picture.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

The structure of a thirty-six kilobase region of the human chromosome including the fibroblast interferon gene IFN-beta.

The isolation of a human genomic cosmid hybrid containing the interferon beta gene has recently been reported (Gross et al., 1981). This hybrid was mapped using single and double digests and cross-hybridisation with the sub-cloned EcoRI and BgIII fragments. Purified fragments and subclones were used as hybridisation probes against chromosomal "Southern" blots to show that at least half of the region has been cloned without alteration. This cannot at present be confirmed for the rest of the region due to the presence of highly repetitive DNA on these cloned fragments. Sequencing data on the 5'-end of the fibroblast IFN-beta gene shows a high density of direct and inverted repeats. The IFN-beta mRNA coding region contains no intron, although the possibility of other transcription starts is not ruled out. The cloned region shows no similarities to known genomic clones containing IFN-alpha genes.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1981

Regulation of alpha 1-adrenoceptors in the cerebral cortex of the rat by thyroid hormones.

The influence of thyroid hormones on the concentration and properties of alpha 1-adrenoceptors in a crude membrane fraction obtained from the rat cerebral cortex was investigated using the [3H]-WB 4101 binding assay. Animals were made hypothyroid by feeding 6-propyl-2-thiouracil for 8 weeks. Hyperthyroidism was induced by triiodothyronine injections (50 microgram/100 g body weight) for 9 days. 1. The binding of [3H]-WB 4101 was saturable and of high affinity in controls as well as in hyper- and hypothyroid animals. The maximal number of binding sites (Bmax), which amounted to 95 fmol/mg protein in control animals, was increased by 27% in cortical membranes from hyperthyroid rats and reduced by 23% in the hypothyroid group. 2. The reduction in [3H]-WB 4101 binding due to 6-propyl-2-thiouracil feeding was reversible by triiodothyronine treatment. 3. Dissociation constants (KD) calculated from saturation experiments (0.25 nM) or kinetic data (0.21 nM) remained unchanged in altered thyroid states. 4. Inhibition of [3H]-WB 4101 binding by adrenergic agonists and antagonists revealed no differences between euthyroid and hypothyroid animals. The higher affinity of prazosin to the binding sites compared with yohimbine indicated that [3H]-WB 4101 predominantly labeled alpha 1-adrenoceptors. It is concluded that thyroid hormones regulate the number of alpha 1-adrenoceptors in membranes of the rat cerebral cortex, leaving their affinities unchanged.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Decreased number of beta-adrenoceptors in cerebral cortex of hypothyroid rats.

The influence of thyroid hormone deficiency on beta-adrenoceptors in the rat cerebral cortex was investigated using the 3H-dihydroalprenolol binding assay. The maximal number of binding sites (Bmax) and the dissociation constants (KD) were determined in the brain tissue from euthyroid animals and from rats made hypothyroid by feeding 6-propyl-2-thiouracil. Hypothyroidism resulted in a 37% decrease in beta-adrenoceptor density (Bmax). The dissociation constants (KD) of both groups were not significantly different.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Plasma catecholamines during activation of the sympathetic nervous system in a patient with Shy-Drager syndrome.

Plasma catecholamines and circulation parameters were studied in a patient with a Shy-Drager syndrome. Basal values of free noradrenaline and dopamine were within the normal range, whereas the adrenaline level was decreased. The response of plasma catecholamines to different kinds of physical activity was pathological. The inability to maintain elevated catecholamine levels during prolonged activity corresponded to imparied circulatory regulation and may provide an additional tool for diagnosis and monitoring of the Shy-Drager syndrome.

Autonomic Nervous System Diseases↗
PubMed1980

Enhancement of noradrenaline release from rat cerebral cortex by neuroleptic drugs.

The effect of different neuroleptic drugs (levomepromazine, haloperidol, thioridazine, clozapine and sulpiride) on (-)-3H-noradrenaline uptake and release by parieto-occipital slices of the rat cerebral cortex was investigated. 1. All neuroleptic drugs tested increased the 3H-efflux from electrically stimulated cortical slices preincubated in (-)-3H-noradrenaline already at 1 microM, clozapine was the most potent compound followed by haloperidol, thioridazine, levomepromazine and sulpiride. The enhanced 3H-efflux due to field stimulation was found at concentrations, which did not increase the basal 3H-efflux. Only haloperidol raised the basal 3H-efflux at 1 microM. 2. All neuroleptic drugs failed to inhibit (-)-3H-noradrenaline (10(-7) M) accumulation by cortical slices at 1 microM. Sulpiride was inactive in concentrations up to 100 microM. Clozapine again proved to be most potent at 10-100 microM. 3. Clozapine was able to enhance the stimulated transmitter overflow when noradrenaline uptake was already blocked by cocaine thus indicating a different mode of action. 4. Clozapine and levomepromazine antagonized the presynaptic alpha-adrenergic effect of clonidine. 5. The antidepressant drug amitriptyline increased the transmitter efflux at the same concentrations and to a similar extent as neuroleptic agents. It is concluded that neuroleptics enhance the stimulation induced noradrenaline release mainly by acting on presynaptic alpha-adrenoceptors. The effect of clozapine, however, includes a noradrenaline uptake inhibition. These findings may explain the increased noradrenaline turnover produced by neuroleptic drugs and the weak antidepressant action of low potent neuroleptics as well.

Amitriptyline↗
PubMed1980

[3H]-Spiroperidol labels dopamine receptors in membranes from rabbit mesenteric artery.

The potent dopamine receptor antagonist [3H]-spiroperidol was used to label binding sites in a membrane fraction derived from rabbit mesenteric artery which had characteristics expected for dopamine receptors. The binding was of high affinity with an equilibrium dissociation constant (KD) of 13.1 nM; it was saturable with 110 fmol of [3H]-spiroperidol bound/mg protein at maximal occupancy of the sites. Binding at 37 degrees C was rapid and readily reversible with rate constants of 0.0154nM-1 min-1 and 0.114min-1 for forward and reverse reaction, respectively. Dopamine receptor antagonists were about 100--200 times more potent than alpha-adrenolytic drugs in competing for the [3H]-spiroperidol binding sites and dopamine was much more potent than (-)-noradrenaline, (-)-isoprenaline, clonidine or serotonin. It is concluded that in a membrane fraction of the rabbit mesenteric artery there exist binding sites for [eH]-spiroperidol indistinguishable from dopamine receptors. Thus the present results support the view that in vascular smooth muscle there exist specific dopamine receptors.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Report on 4055 cataract operations in a department with treatment by non-resident physicians, with special consideration of anesthesia problems (author's transl)].

In addition to eye clinics and ophthalmic wards under the supervision of a senior hospital surgeon, wards where patients are treated by their own, non-resident physicians, play an important part in the treatment of eye conditions in Germany. This is a very old tradition which was introduced by von Graefe. Especially in the present situation, now that the number of hospital beds is no longer being increased without very careful thought, there is much talk about the efficiency of differently run wards. In such discussions ophthalmic wards with treatment by non-resident physicians are also being subjected to critical examination. While reports from eye clinics and ophthalmic wards under the management of hospital surgeons frequently appear on the various journals and at conferences, information on wards where beds are available to non-resident physicians is rather scanty. Yet a large proportion of in-patient ophthalmic treatment is administered in such wards. This report covers more than 20 years' experience in a ward of this kind in a large West German city, taking cataract operations as an example.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1980

[Report on the application of chibro-timoptol after one year's use in ophthalmological practice (author's transl)].

A summary is given of the common methods of treating glaucoma medically, beginning with the introduction of pilocarpine over 100 years ago and ending, for the time being, with the application of the beta-blocker Timolol Maleat (Chibro-Timoptol). The authors have been using Chibro-Timoptol for over a year and have treated more than 300 patients by this method so far. Timolol proved to have significant advantages over all other pressure-lowering drugs used in the past. It was just as effective or more effective than the substances used previously. For a newly diagnosed glaucoma, the authors therefore recommend using Timolol in all initial attempts at pressure regulation.

Acetazolamide↗