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Biomedical subjects

G Gregori

Publications and source records attributed to G Gregori.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Relation of glucose tolerance to complications of pregnancy in nondiabetic women.

An increase in fetal and maternal complications has been documented in cases of gestational diabetes, but the glucose levels that predict an increased risk have not been clearly defined. We evaluated the frequency of several neonatal complications (macrosomia, congenital anomalies, perinatal mortality, and prematurity) and maternal complications (toxemia, cesarean section, or both) in relation to glucose tolerance in 249 women in the third trimester of pregnancy. None of the women had previous evidence of diabetes, and all had normal results on an oral glucose-tolerance test, according to accepted criteria. On the basis of their two-hour plasma glucose levels, women were divided into three groups: A (glucose less than 100 mg per deciliter), B (glucose 100 to 119 mg per deciliter), and C (glucose 120 to 164 mg per deciliter). The higher two-hour plasma glucose levels were associated with a significant increase in the incidence of macrosomia (9.9, 15.5, and 27.5 percent in Groups A, B, and C, respectively), congenital abnormalities (0.7, 3.5, and 5.0 percent), and toxemia, cesarean section, or both (19.9, 25.9, and 40.0 percent). A significant correlation between the infant's weight and the mother's two-hour plasma glucose level was also observed. These data indicate that even limited degrees of maternal hyperglycemia, which are currently considered to be within the normal range, may affect the outcome of pregnancy.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1985

[Use of oral bacteria therapy in childhood during acute enteritis and functional chronic diarrhea. Clinical experience].

There are some theoretical reasons to give an oral bacterial therapy when intestinal ecosystem changes its composition. The authors would verify the clinical effectiveness or oral bacterial therapy during acute and functional chronic diarrhea: even if the course of the illness doesn't become shorter, oral bacterial therapy moreover may be useful in reducing the risk of having casual carries of pathogenic agents and may restore an intestinal ecosystem previously modified by antibiotic therapy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

[Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) and carcinoembryonic antigen in gastrointestinal neoplasms. Comparison of markers].

CA 19-9, a new antigenic tumor marker for gastrointestinal tumors, has been assayed with Carcinoembriogenic antigen, in 90 healthy patients and 47 patients with gastric cancer (20) and colorectal cancer (27). A good specificity has been found for this antigen (97.7%). Its sensibility seems to be slightly superior to that of CEA. However the sensibility for tumors at Mo stage (38%) is indeed scarcely, on the contrary it clearly elevated for tumors at advanced stage (M1)(76%).

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Testing of mucosa disinfection methods in the mouth and throat. 1. Effect of chlorhexidine gluconate and PVP-iodine on alpha-hemolytic streptococci].

A method for testing a throat antiseptic procedure is described. As indicator bacteria alpha-hemolytic streptococci were chosen. Povidone-Iodine and Chlorhexidindigluconate (0.5% and 0.1%) and aqua dest. as control substance were tested by a mouthwash technique. The best reduction of alpha-hemolytic streptococci could be detected after mouthwashing by 0.5% Chlorhexidindigluconate (1.4 log reduction), whereas by Povidone-Iodine a reduction of 0.85 log steps was achieved.

Chlorhexidine↗
PubMed1983

Food and pentagastrin stimulation of gastrin, pepsinogen I and acid in children with primary duodenal ulcer.

Six cases of duodenal ulcer were studied in male children (mean age 8.8 yrs., range 6-12 yrs., mean weight 29.8 kg). All were submitted to X-ray examination and/or digestive endoscopy. Ten healthy children, matched by weight, age and sex were chosen as controls. All children underwent a standardized protein meal to evaluate serum gastrin and pepsinogen I response and the pentagastrin test for acid secretion. The serum gastrin level was found to be similar in the two groups (normal children and duodenal ulcer) both in the fasting state and after food stimulation, whereas the basal and after-meal serum pepsinogen I values were statistically higher in the duodenal ulcer group (p less than 0.01). The pentagastrin test showed a basal, maximal and peak acid output significantly lower in controls than in the subjects with primary duodenal ulcer. The results confirm that elevated gastric acid response is already present in duodenal ulcer of childhood and seems to be its cause rather than its consequence. Our finding of an already elevated pepsinogen I level, coupled with the already reported family histories of the disease, further support an inherited basis for duodenal ulcer in childhood.

Child↗
PubMed1981

[Peroral duodeno-jejunal biopsy in children. Indications and personal cases].

In this study we report our experience with 50 intestinal biopsies carried out in 35 children in a 14 months period (October 1979-December 1980) and we also describe the technique we use. The biopsy has been performed by two operators using the Crosby capsule, placed at the duodenojejunal flexure under fluoroscopic screening. For sedation we used oral Promazine and viscous xylocaine and i.v. Metoclopramide and Diazepam; the sedation has been classified in 4 degrees and resulted very good in 40 cases, good in 8 cases and sufficient in 2. The biopsy specimens has been examined with dissecting and light microscope and demonstrated 14 sub-total villous atrophy, 2 severe partial villous atrophy, 5 partial villous atrophy and 29 normal villous morphology. By this technique we made a diagnosis of Coeliac disease in 8 cases, suspected Coeliac disease in 3 cases, Dermatitis Herpetiformis in 3 cases and cow's milk proteins intolerance and post-enteritis syndrome in 1 case. No complications occurred during or after intubation. The AA. confirm the diagnostic value of this investigation, its safety and its very high degree of sensitivity superior to any other test of intestinal absorption.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Inappropriate growth-hormone (GH) response to thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) occurs infrequently in well-regulated diabetes mellitus.

We randomly administered thyrotropin-releasing hormone (200 micrograms, as an i.v. bolus) or control saline (in isovolumic amount) to 30 male diabetic subjects (23 IDDM, 7 NIDDM) in fair metabolic control (HbA1 9.7 +/- 0.3%, means +/- SEM) and to 12 healthy male controls on two different mornings. While GH in the basal state was similar in IDDM, NIDDM and normal subjects, TRH administration evoked a significant GH release only in a single IDDM individual. The only GH-responder to TRH was a newly-diagnosed (two weeks) IDDM patient, still with a high glycated hemoglobin level (HbA1 11.1%), despite normal plasma glucose levels. Saline infusion did not affect GH concentrations either in normals or in diabetics. Exaggerated GH responses to TRH are uncommon in diabetic patients in good metabolic conditions.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Measurement of ATPases in red cells: setting up and validation of a highly reproducible method.

Our aim was to set up and validate a reproducible method to study ATPase family on erythrocyte membranes. We compared several methods for erythrocyte washing and hemolysis and succeeded in preparing completely hemoglobin-free membrane ghosts still bearing intact ATPases. We compared the conventional incubation procedure with the coupled enzyme assay to measure Na-K-Mg, Ca-Mg and Mg ATPase on the membranes. A significant difference was constantly observed between the results by these methods, the values by the incubation procedure being 28, 57 and 58% of the respective values obtained by the linked enzyme assay. By adopting this last one, we obtained uniform and reproducible results in 31 healthy subjects. The following activities of the measured pumps resulted: Na-K-Mg ATPase 0.026 +/- 0.007, mean +/- SD; Ca-Mg ATPase 0.030 +/- 0.010, and Mg ATPase 0.017 +/- 0.003 U/mg protein, respectively. Finally, we investigated the effect of membrane storage time and temperature on ATPase results.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Endogenous digitalis-like factors (EDLF) in obese individuals: preliminary results.

We measured by RIA the serum and urinary digoxin-like immunoreactivity (EDLF) in 8 subjects with severe obesity and in 10 healthy, non-obese individuals (as a control group), to evidentiate whether circulating and urinary levels of EDLF are increased in obesity. For each individual, we measured the mean EDLF on two sera collected consecutively on two successive mornings, between 8-9 a.m. and the daily urinary EDLF excretion. Every subject collected his/her 24 hour urine in 5 different timed fractions. For each urine fraction, we measured the excretion of EDLF, electrolytes (Na and K), and creatinine. In obese people, the mean serum digoxin-like immunoreactivity (no. 8, 27.3 +/- 8.7 ng/L de) was significantly higher (unpaired t test, p = 0.0002) than in the controls (no. 10, 12.0 +/- 7.3 ng/L de), whereas control and obese subjects had superimposable 24 hour EDLF urinary excretion. Urinary excretion of EDLF significantly changed throughout the day in normals, but not in obese people. In a multiple stepwise regression analysis, urinary K+ and Na+ significantly (p less than 0.01) contributed to the regression with urinary EDLF (EDLF = 76.9 + 0.67 K+ - 0.24 Na+; R = 0.601, no. 40) in obese individuals. The in vivo kinetic and metabolic pathways of EDLF are conceivably different in obese and normal subjects. A difference in the production rate, binding to plasma proteins and/or removal mechanisms could explain the findings of higher circulating levels with normal EDLF urinary excretion in obese persons.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Measurement of urinary albumin excretion (UAE) in diabetic patients: immunonephelometry versus radioimmunoassay.

We have compared the chemico-clinical characteristics of an immuno-nephelometric technique (INA) with those of a solid-phase radioimmunoassay (RIA) method for the measurement of urinary albumin excretion (UAE) in diabetic patients. The UAE was evaluated in 227 diabetics; all, except 9, were Albustix-negative. The calibration of the nephelometer apparatus every time before the assay did significantly improve the accuracy and precision of the INA method. Similar values were obtained with the two methods (INA = 2.1 + 0.95 RIA, n = 227, r = 0.969) through all the ranges of albumin concentration explored. INA seems as suitable as RIA for the assay of UAE in diabetics. The two methods are comparably accurate and precise. However, RIA appears more sensitive than INA, while immunonephelometric system is easier and faster to perform (up to 200 samples can be assayed in about 1 hour, while 2-4 hours are necessary with RIA), with fewer handling steps. The INA instrumentation is automated and the reagents are more stable and less hazardous than those used in RIA. However, due to the cost of the nephelometer apparatus, the INA technique may be employed by those laboratories which have already this instrumentation or by those which will use it in the next future for the assay of other analytes in addition to albumin.

Albuminuria↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cross-over epidemiologic study of symptoms and respiratory function in workers at a furniture factory].

An epidemiological survey on symptoms and diseases (collected with CNR standardized questionnaire) and on lung function (forced vital capacity and derived indexes; CO diffusing capacity) has been carried on in workers of a furniture plant in Arezzo. Significantly higher prevalence rates of cough in smokers than in non smokers, and of cough, phlegm, wheeze in non smoker workers than in the control group from a general population sample were present. A not significant relationship of symptoms and working years was also found. Lung function indices were in the normal range; smokers had significantly lower values than non smokers. A lower FEV1%, after adjusting for age and smoking, was shown by subjects with more working years. Thus, in a modern furniture plant the risk of adverse health effect seems to be slight: this conclusion may be confirmed by the ongoing longitudinal survey.

Adult↗