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Biomedical subjects

G Graham

Publications and source records attributed to G Graham.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Simultaneous occurrence of idiopathic lipemic tears and massive seborrhea.

A 42-year-old man had idiopathic lipemic tears and massive seborrhea. Recent investigations have shown that cholesterol and other lipids occasionally found in tears are produced by meibomian rather than lacrimal glands. The finding in this patient of hypersecretion by both sebaceous glands and meibomian glands, a sebaceous gland variant, suggests that a common mechanism may regulate secretory control of both of these glands.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Gallium-67/technetium-99m methylene diphosphonate ratio imaging: early rabbit osteomyelitis and fracture.

Simultaneous digital acquisition of [67Ga] and [99mTc]MDP images, and subsequent division of the first by the second to produce a parametric ratio image (G/T), is employed to characterize the relative localization of the two radiopharmaceuticals in early rabbit tibia Staphloccocus aureus osteomyelitis and fracture repair. Images obtained during the first 48 hr of each condition show preferential 67Ga accumulation probably reflecting an initial inflammatory response while G/T images at 5-7 days show predominance of the bone-seeking scan agent, which may indicate that the dominant process is osteoblastic repair.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Non-specific serum iron in thalassaemia: an abnormal serum iron fraction of potential toxicity.

Iron binding in the sera of 35 patients with beta thalassaemia major and intermedia was studied. In patients receiving regular blood transfusions since infancy transferrin was completely saturated and about 2.7--7.1 mumol/l of the serum iron could be removed by dialysis or ultrafiltration in the presence of a chelating agent or by filtration on DEAE-Sephadex-catecholdisulphonic acid columns. In contrast, less than 1.0 mumol/l of transferrin bound iron was removed when subjected to the same procedures. The non-specific iron of thalassaemic sera could no longer be demonstrated after incubation with normal serum. These findings indicate that non-specific iron is a chelatable with normal serum. These findings indicate that non-specific iron is a chelatable compound which is readily available for transferrin binding. In view of the known toxicity of unbound iron, its identification in thalassaemic sera might be of relevance to the pathogenesis of tissue damage and the protective effect of iron chelating therapy in this disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Hormone changes in relation to the time of fetal death after prostaglandin-induced abortion.

The changes in unconjugated estradiol-17beta and estriol, progesterone and chorionic somatomammotropin (HCS) in peripheral plasma have been studied in 18 women at 30-minute intervals following intra-uterine prostaglandin E2 administration for therapeutic termination of second trimester pregnancy. The hormonal changes were related to the time of fetal death detected by the disappearance of fetal heart pulsations. Prostaglandin E2 was given by the intra-amniotic route with urea (5 patients) or with intravenous oxytocin (5 patients), or by the extra-amniotic route with intravenous oxytocin (8 patients). Fetal death occurred rapidly with intra-amniotic PGE2, but usually at a late stage with extra-amniotic PGE2. Three fetuses in the extra-amniotic group died at or just before abortion. A variety of fetal heart changes were noted and the time of fetal death did not appear to influence the time of abortion within each treatment subgroup. Estradiol and estriol showed a sligh but persistent fall over 24 hours prior to induction of abortion. A more rapid fall usually occurred after induction, with a consistent fall around the time of fetal death. Progesterone and HCS usually fell much less before and immediately after fetal death. A marked rise in estradiol sometimes occurred before fetal death, particularly in the intraamniotic PGE2 and urea subgroup. Estriol levels declined more rapidly before than after fetal death, whereas fetal death had less consistent effects on the other hormones. All hormones had usually fallen considerably at the time of abortion, and in some individuals marked fluctuations in hormone levels were seen.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1976

Single-dose evaluation of a new enteric-coated aspirin preparation.

The bioavailability of a new enteric-coated tablet of aspirin (Ecotrin, Smith, Kline and French) was evaluated after single doses to eight volunteers. One tablet was administered to each subject on four occasions--twice after a light breakfast, once after a heavy breakfast and once after pretreatment with metoclopramide. The study utilized non-invasive techniques. The rate of absorption of aspirin was estimated by the time course of concentrations of salicylate in saliva, while the total bioavailability was determined by the recovery of total salicylate in urine. The urinary recovery of aspirin from all 32 trials was 575 +/- 25 mg (mean +/- standard error), representing 89% +/- 4% of the administered dose. The different treatments did not significantly alter the urinary recovery. The absorption of aspirin from the enteric-coated tablets was delayed and slow. Absorption was retarded by a heavy meal and hastened by pretreatment with metoclopramide. The effect of metoclopramide is consistent with the release of aspirin in the small intestine. Overall, the single-dose tests indicated satisfactory functioning of the enteric coating.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

The effect of serum and experimental variables on the transferrin and reticulocyte interaction.

The transfer of iron from transferrin to the developing erythrocyte is a research area of high interest and considerable controversy. We have found that the results of transferrin-reticulocyte incubation studies are quite sensitive to the experimental procedures that are utilized. Reticulocytosis has been induced in rabbits by phelbotomy and phenylhydrazine injections. While the latter gives a higher reticulocyte count, the cells appear to exhibit an altered transferrin-membrane interaction. Transferrin has been iodinated by published methods utilizing chloramine-T and molecular iodine. The iodotransferrin products exhibit the same iron donation ability, however, evidence was found that the chloramine-T treatment leads to a nonspecific binding of transferrin to the reticulocyte. The means of saturating transferrin with 59Fe is also of prime importance. Fe(NH4)2(SO4)2 and especially FeCl3 were found to yield nonspecifically bound iron when added to transferrin or serum. This artifact was reflected in an altered transferrin-reticulocyte interaction. Using what we believe to be optimal conditions, the effect of serum on the transferrin-reticulocyte system was re-examined. The results clearly indicated an enhancement of iron uptake by reticulocytes in the presence of serum, as well as an accelerated incorporation of iron by the cytoplasmic fraction.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Effect of cyclophosphamide on themetabolism of erythrocytes].

Cyclophosphamide was applied i.p. in the dose of 100 mg kg-1 to rats. After one, two, three, and seven days the animals were killed and in the collected heparinized blood the incorporation of o-phosphate 32P in erythrocytes was determined in vitro at 37 degrees C and in 35 minutes. Decreased incorporation in animals with Cyclophosphamide indicated, compared with the control, disturbed metabolism of phosphate. The method can be applied as a criterion of secondary toxic effects in the treatment of cancerostatics of alkylation type.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the stomach with extensive somatostatin immunoreactivity.

Upper gastrointestinal tract neuroendocrine tumors producing predominantly somatostatin have thus far been described only in the duodenum; their characteristic features include the frequent presence of psammoma bodies (psammomatous somatostinomas), and the association with von Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis. Gastric neuroendocrine tumors, on the other hand, tend to display immunoreactivity to serotonin but may include small subpopulations producing gastrin, motilin, pancreatic polypeptide, and somatostatin. In this report we describe a neuroendocrine carcinoma of the stomach with rapidly fatal outcome, displaying neurosecretory granules by electron microscopy and immunoreactivity to pan-neuroendocrine markers, ie, chromogranin and neuron-specific enolase. The only neuroendocrine regulatory peptide detected in the tumor was somatostatin, identified by immunohistochemistry in the majority of neoplastic cells. In contrast with duodenal somatostinomas, there were no psammoma bodies and no demonstrable association with von Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis. To our knowledge this appears to be the first report of a malignant neuroendocrine tumor with diffuse somatostatin immunoreactivity.

Aged↗