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Biomedical subjects

G Grabner

Publications and source records attributed to G Grabner.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[New central, epithelial iron deposit following epikeratophakia in high-grade myopia].

Following epikeratophakia for the correction of myopia an epithelial iron dot was observed in the center of the lenticule as early as five months following surgery. Biomicroscopic examination of 55 cases revealed indistinct borders, a yellow to dark brown coloration and a localization in the deep epithelial layers. It was apparent in 100% of the patients one year after surgery, with no tendency to regression over a follow-up period of up to 23 months, and did not appreciably affect postoperative visual acuity. The occurrence of this iron dot is attributed to a localized pooling of tear fluid in the centrally flatter optical zone of the lenticule, since it was not seen in patients who underwent surgery for aphakia or keratoconus.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Candida retinitis following gastrectomy].

The authors report on a 68-year-old patient who developed disseminated retinochoroiditis and vitritis following extensive gastrectomy for a cardial carcinoma. The clinical diagnosis of an endogenous Candida infection was confirmed by positive identification of Blastomyces from the subclavian catheter tip and the antibody titer. Resolution was achieved with orally administered ketoconazole and intravenously administered miconazole therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[Toxic contact dermatitis in hairdresser trainees: study of therapy with steroid-free, pH-stabilized emollients].

In a pilot study on 869 trainee hairdressers eczematous changes of the hands, presenting as chronic toxic contact eczema, were found in 42-55% of the investigated persons. In a subsequent therapeutic study involving 144 trainee hairdressers who had marked chronic toxic contact eczema, it was shown that regular use of pH-stabilized creams and ointments and use of non-alkaline soaps are effective and the use of cortisone ointments should not be necessary. It was demonstrated that 70% of the probands showed clear improvement in eczematous changes as controlled by colour changes in the nitrazine yellow test. However, 30% of those investigated were not thought to be able to continue as hairdressers. These results enable early detection of persons in whom a change of occupation seems indicated. Furthermore, treatment of young persons permits maximal curative changes and represents a model of preventive medicine in dermatology.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1986

Effect of timolol on aqueous humor protein concentration in the human eye.

We performed a double-masked, controlled study investigating the increase in the protein concentration in aqueous humor after topical timolol maleate administration. Forty patients scheduled to undergo intracapsular cataract surgery were included in the study. Either timolol ophthalmic solution or the vehicle of timolol alone (control) were applied topically in a randomized fashion, and aqueous humor was collected during surgery. Protein concentrations were determined by gel-filtration chromatography. The total protein concentration as well as the concentration of high and medium molecular weight proteins were significantly elevated in the timolol-treated group. The relation of the levels of the three different molecular weight classes did not differ significantly between the two groups, indicating that undisturbed protein filtration in the face of reduced aqueous humor production--and not a change in the permeability of the blood-aqueous barrier--is responsible for the increase in concentration.

Aqueous Humor↗
PubMed1986

[Post-traumatic endophthalmitis caused by Bacillus cereus].

A young man with severe endophthalmitis caused by B. cereus is described following a trauma with an intraocular foreign body. Although this organism was isolated from the aqueous with 18 hours and specific antibiotic therapy instituted, the eye subsequently lost all function and had to be enucleated because of severe pain. An extremely rapidly developing corneal ring abscess seems to be the hallmark of an intraocular infection with B. cereus organisms.

Abscess↗
PubMed1986

[Conjunctival granuloma caused by synthetic fibers].

Histopathological examination of a conjunctival lesion occurring in a two-and-a-half-year-old boy revealed granulomatous inflammation surrounding filamentous foreign material. The main type of fiber was fairly uniform in diameter, generally round to oval in cross-section, with vivid birefringence, manifesting a "cracking phenomenon" and lacking a central core. These findings are typical of synthetic fibers. Synthetic fiber granulomas often occur in children, predominantly unilaterally. Comforting blankets, fabric toys or forcibly applied pullovers may cause initial inoculation.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1986

An interactive processing system for ultrasonic compound imaging, real-time image processing and texture analysis.

An interactive processing system for ultrasonic imaging, real-time image processing and texture analysis was developed and has been used under real clinical conditions at the 2nd Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Vienna, since 1983. The major goal of this system is to determine what digital approaches to ultrasonic imaging, aided by computer processing, can contribute to ultrasonic diagnosis and whether clinically-relevant information can be extracted which is not obtained by conventional approaches.

Computer Systems↗
PubMed1986

[Prognosis of malignant tumors of the exocrine pancreas: effect of clinical and pathologico-anatomic variables on patient survival].

Survival patterns of 112 patients with histologically ascertained pancreatic cancer were analysed retrospectively in an attempt to determine the relationship to various clinical and pathologic-anatomic prognostic factors. Stage of disease, localisation of the primary tumor, as well as histologic grade were found to influence the patient's survival significantly. A limited anatomic involvement with tumor, localisation within the head of the pancreas, and high-grade differentiation were associated with an increased median survival. An evaluation of non-anatomic prognostic variables suggested a relative survival advantage for females, younger age groups, patients with favourable initial performance status and short symptom duration. There was no obvious relationship between survival and qualitative or quantitative indication of weight loss. In order to permit a critical evaluation of the value of any treatment program in pancreatic cancer, our observations reemphasize the need to define characteristics of patients under study.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

In vitro phase II trial of recombinant interferon alpha-2 in gastrointestinal cancer.

The antitumor effects of recombinant interferon alpha-2 (rIF) on clonogenic tumor cells were investigated in 29 cases of gastrointestinal cancer. An in vitro response (greater than or equal to 50% inhibition of tumor colony-forming units) was observed in 17% of the tumors, including 2 of 8 pancreatic, 2 of 6 gastric, and 1 of 10 colon cancer specimens. The relative efficacy of rIF in tissue cultures of pancreatic and gastric tumors was further substantiated by the resistance against simultaneously tested single conventional cytostatic drugs. Preliminary results of comparative studies of cloned interferon alpha-2 and human purified leukocyte interferon (hlIF) in 2 human colon cancer cell lines and 11 fresh tumor specimens suggest similar trends in terms of colony inhibition in individual assays. However, the interpatient differences indicate an overall superiority of the natural preparation (P less than 0.02).

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1985

CADIAG: approaches to computer-assisted medical diagnosis.

CADIAG-1 is a medical expert system, based on a symbolic logic representation of medical relationships. Strong relationships such as confirming, excluding or obligatory occurrence are applied to confirm or exclude diagnoses. Weak relationships are represented by facultative and not confirming relationships (FN-relationships). Diagnostic hypotheses are established by systematic combination of symptoms showing FN-relationships. CADIAG-2, a medical expert system based on fuzzy set theory and fuzzy logic, allows detailed specification of medical relationships. Here the diagnostic process also provides confirmed and excluded diagnoses as well as diagnostic hypotheses. Hypotheses are calculated by considering fuzzy relationships between medical entities. 426 cases with rheumatic and 47 cases with pancreatic diseases were tested. For CADIAG-1, the overall accuracy for confirmation and hypothesis generation is calculated with 91.1% for rheumatic diseases and 100% for pancreatic diseases. CADIAG-2 reached an overall accuracy of 93.7% for rheumatic cases and 91.5% for pancreatic cases.

Artificial Intelligence↗
PubMed1985

[Necrotizing pseudomonas infection of the eyelids and lacrimal ducts with orbital involvement in a newborn infant].

A newborn boy presented with severe, bilateral, necrotic blepharitis and dacryocystitis caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The possible etiology of this infection would be a transient neutropenia and a chemical blepharoconjunctivitis caused by Credé's prophylaxis. The relentless course of the necrosis could only be stopped by maximum-dose topical and systemic antibiotic therapy; the visual function of the right eye, however, was lost owing to a keratititis e lagophthalmo.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical aspects, diagnosis and therapy of ocular Chlamydia infection].

As reported in the recent literature, eye infections caused by Chlamydia trachomatis are increasing in number. Modern laboratory techniques were used in this study to scan a total of 114 patients with unilateral follicular conjunctivitis for these organisms. The authors describe the clinical picture, course, and results of therapy in a total of 6 (5.3%) young patients with chlamydial infections diagnosed by scraping and cell culture.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1985

[The Shepard radial keratotomy method].

Over the last few years American surgeons have modified the technique of radial keratotomy in different ways. D. Shepard, of Santa Maria, California, has performed more than 1800 to these operations. Forty-three of the patients, on most of whom surgery was performed in both eyes, were studied from one week to 42.5 months postoperatively by an independent observer. The preoperative evaluation, the technique of surgery, which is performed on an outpatient basis, the complications and postoperative management, the final visual results, and refraction are discussed in detail. The overwhelming majority of the patients expressed great satisfaction with the visual outcome of the surgery in spite of undercorrection and overcorrection, long-term topical treatment, glare at night, and diurnal variations of visual acuity.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Human corneal fibroblasts and a human conjunctival cell line (Chang) produce a thymocyte-activating factor (TAF) in vitro].

A variety of distinct cells such as fibroblasts, epidermal cells, glioblastoma cells and corneal epithelial cells have been shown to produce Interleukin 1-like thymocyte-activating factors. Under in vitro conditions these cytokines influence a multiplicity of different cell types, including lymphocytes, fibroblasts, PMN and hepatocytes. In the present study human corneal fibroblasts, as well as the human epitheloid conjunctival Chang cell line were found to produce thymocyte-activating factors (TAF). The molecular weight of the corneal fibroblasts-TAF was found in the 670 kD region, with minor peaks of activity at 30, 17 and 4 kD. TAF from the Chang-cell line eluted at 15-25 kD. Chromatofocusing revealed the pI of the fibroblast-TAF to be at 6.7 and 5.2 and the pI of the conjunctival cells to be at 7.0, 5.3 and 5.0. The latter cells produced prostaglandin E2 upon stimulation. The immunomodulating properties of these cytokines make an important in vivo role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory corneal and conjunctival diseases probable.

Biological Products↗
PubMed1985

[Corneal epithelial cells and human conjunctival cell line (Chang) produce an interleukin 3-like factor].

Tissue mast cells play a central role in the pathogenesis of allergic eye diseases. In the study reported here the authors investigated whether human corneal epithelial cells and a human epitheloid conjunctival cell line (Chang) can produce an interleukin 3 (IL 3)-like mast cell-activating factor. The activity was detected at a m.w. of 15 and 30 kD, the isoelectric points were located at a pH of 7.85, 7.15 and 6.75. The authors believe that this cytokine, which is produced by epithelial cells of the cornea and conjunctiva, might play an important role in the pathogenesis of allergic ocular diseases.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1985

Suppression of secondary herpes simplex uveitis by cyclosporine.

The authors studied the effect of an immunosuppressive agent, cyclosporine (CyA), on experimental secondary herpes simplex (HS) uveitis. Secondary HS uveitis was induced in a rabbit eye that had recovered from primary HS uveitis by challenging it with an intravitreal injection of herpes simplex virus (HSV) antigen. Daily intramuscular injections of CyA (25 mg/kg body weight) for 7 days prior to the intravitreal challenge with HSV antigen significantly suppressed the induction of secondary HS uveitis, but daily injections of CyA after the challenge with HSV antigen was ineffective. Intravitreal injections of CyA (5 mg) 7 days and 3 days prior to the HSV challenge were less effective, but the combined treatment with seven daily intramuscular CyA and two intravitreal CyA injections prior to the HSV challenge was most effective in the prevention of the uveitis. The daily intramuscular treatment with CyA resulted in a marked reduction of cell-mediated immunity while leaving the level of circulating HSV specific antibody high. No reactivation of latent HSV was detected in trigeminal and superior cervical ganglia of CyA-treated rabbits.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Syndrome of the flaccid eyelid (floppy eyelid syndrome].

Three patients with increasing swelling of the lateral half of the upper lid associated with chronic papillary conjunctivitis which did not respond to therapy were observed. The history, clinical findings, keratinized epithelial cells in the scrapings and the therapeutic success with a protective shield over night suggested the diagnosis of floppy eyelid syndrome.

Chronic Disease↗