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Biomedical subjects

G Goldfarb

Publications and source records attributed to G Goldfarb.

43 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of propranolol on portal hypertension in patients with cirrhosis: a hemodynamic study.

The gradient between wedged and free hepatic venous pressures was measured in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis before and 1, 3, and 9 months after continuous oral administration of propranolol at doses reducing the heart rate by 25% or after administration of a placebo. The gradient between wedged and free hepatic venous pressures decreased throughout the duration of propranolol administration, and it did not significantly change in the patients receiving placebo. Since the gradient between wedged and free hepatic venous pressures closely reflects portal venous pressure in alcoholic cirrhosis, it is concluded that continuous oral administration of propranolol produced sustained reduction in portal venous pressure in these patients.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of the effects of a cardioselective and a nonselective beta-blocker on portal hypertension in patients with cirrhosis.

The effects on cardiac output and portal venous pressure of atenolol, a cardioselective beta-blocker, and propranolol, a nonselective beta-blocker, were compared in patients with portal hypertension due to cirrhosis. One hour after p.o. administration of 100 mg of atenolol, cardiac output decreased by 32%, and portal venous pressure by 16%; the decrease in cardiac output and the decrease in portal venous pressure were significantly correlated. One hour after p.o. administration of 40 mg of cardiac output and the decrease in portal venous pressure were not correlated. Whereas the decrease in cardiac output was similar after atenolol or propranolol, the decrease in portal venous pressure was significantly less marked after the former than after the latter beta-blocker. It is concluded that: (a) the decrease in portal venous pressure determined by atenolol results mainly from reduction in cardiac output; (b) the decrease in portal venous pressure determined by propranolol results not only from reduction in cardiac output, but also from extracardiac effects of this beta-blocker, and (c) atenolol might be less efficient in the prevention of recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding in cirrhosis, since the decrease in portal venous pressure is less marked than that which occurs with propranolol.

Atenolol↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Physiopathology of cardio-circulatory accidents].

The cardio-circulatory system is a transportation system which allows the oxygen to be brought to the organs and eliminates the carbon dioxide produced by these organs. It includes the heart and the vessels. The quantity of blood pulsed by the heart is called cardiac output (approximately 51/mn for an adult). When the needs in oxygen increase (exercise), the cardiac output increases. That increase is mostly related to an increase of the cardiac frequency (tachycardia). The vessels oppose a certain resistance to the blood flow. An inverse relation exist between cardiac output and vascularly resistance: physiologically, when one increases the other decreases and reciprocally. The mechanism and the symptomatology of cardio-circulatory accidents can be explained by alterations of the cardiac output and/or the vascularly resistances.

Blood Circulation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Absence of clinical and biological manifestations after massive absorption of nitulamide].

Nitulamide (ANANDRON (R] is an antiandrogen used as an adjuvant therapy in the treatment of advanced prostatic cancer. The effects of ingestion of high doses of nitulamide has not been so far reported. A 79 years old man was admitted 2 hours after the ingestion of 13 g of nitulamide (170 mg/kg or 43 times the therapeutic dose), in a suicide attempt. He was receiving nitulamide 300 mg/day for two weeks. On admission, he underwent immediately gastric lavage, followed by administration of oral activated charcoal and received an intravenous infusion of glucose in balanced salt solution. During the first 12 hours, the patient presented with moderate vomiting and diarrhoea. There was no change in the following parameters: blood cell count, plasma electrolytes, serum transaminases and serum bilirubin, arterial blood gases, plasma cortisol value, as compared to the pre-treatment values. Chest X ray was unchanged. Plasma concentrations were measured 2 hours, 3 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours after ingestion. The initial level reached 6 times the normal therapeutic range, then fell to 3.5 times at the 72th hour. The patient recovered rapidly and was discharged on the 4th day. Biologic parameters were controlled on 4th, 9th, 30th day and remained unchanged. Treatment was started again on the 30th day with nitulamide 150 mg/day. We did not notice any side effect previously described in daily administration of nitulamide: anemia, rise in serum transaminases, interstitial pneumopathy.

Aged↗