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Biomedical subjects

G Goerz

Publications and source records attributed to G Goerz.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Lupus erythematosus].

Our paper summarizes the clinical and photobiological studies on lupus erythematosus (LE) performed at the Department of Dermatology, University of Düsseldorf, during the last 5 years. A total of 190 LE cases were examined and classified according to the various cutaneous forms of LE. Except for lupus erythematosus tumidus (LET), we found a female predominance in all other groups. Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) is the most common variant of cutaneous LE. Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus (SCLE), a less common type, is characterized by the presence of Ro-antibodies, although this marker does not correlate with the degree of photosensitivity. The rare LET is an extremely photosensitive form of LE, which clearly prefers the male sex.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Skin changes in alimentary zinc deficiency caused by artificial infant food].

We report on 2 non-related newborn children who developed erythematosquamous skin eruptions on both their faces and the extensor sides of their fingers at the 4th and 10th week after birth, resp. Both children had been fed upon hypoallergenic formulas since birth. Serum investigations revealed decreased zinc levels: 0.4 and 0.17 mg/l, resp. (normal values: 0.59-0.96 mg/l). Following zinc substitution with zinc sulphate 10 mg daily for 3 days, the serum zinc levels of both children had increased to normal values and remained stationary during continued treatment with 3 mg zinc daily. The skin eruptions disappeared a few days after the start of treatment.

Acrodermatitis↗
PubMed1990

[Food hypersensitivity: skin test with commercial food extracts or natural products?].

In 46 patients with a suspected history of food allergy, we performed scratch tests using commercial food extracts (CF) in comparison with natural food products (NF). We found that NF brought about significantly stronger reactions than CF: 77% of the skin tests with NF were positive, whereas 75% of the tests with CF equivalents yielded negative or questionably positive results. We conclude, therefore, that in case of suspected food allergy, testing with CF only is not sufficient.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Artefacts in porphyria cutanea tarda].

A 56-year-old patient suffering from porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) was sufficiently treated with chloroquine and occasional bleeding. After 19 months of therapy, the laboratory finding showed absolutely normal values, whereas the clinical symptoms still persisted. Intensive exploration led to the diagnosis artefacts clinically imitating florid PCT remarkably well.

Bloodletting↗
PubMed1989

Influence of drug solubility in the vehicle on clinical efficacy of ointments.

In a bilateral paired comparison (randomized double-blind study) 31 dermatitis patients (atopic and contact dermatitis) were tested with two ointments containing 0.0056% betamethasone-17-benzoate. One ointment was applied on each side of the body. The topical formulations differed in their solution capacities for the drug by a factor of about 50 (solution-type: high mutual affinity between drug and vehicle; suspension-type: low affinity). The different antiinflammatory effects were studied visually by assessing five symptoms: erythema, scaling, infiltration, lichenification, and excoriation. On the 5th day, 73% of the patients showed significant differences between the sides in favor of the suspension-type ointment (Wilcoxon test). Blanching tests on 30 volunteers confirmed the result. The in vitro drug release, however, was faster with the solution-type ointment. The efficacy of an ointment can be increased greatly, if the solution capacity for the drug is low, and thus the partition coefficient between the stratum corneum (barrier of the skin) and the vehicle is high. As long as the barrier is not damaged completely, the difference in drug release is not the determining factor for the effect.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

The effect of topically applied corticosteroids and zinc on the metallothionein content of skin in an experimental model.

The metallothionein (MT) content in hairless mouse skin was determined after topical application of various glucocorticoids or zinc oxide (ZnO). Dexamethasone (1%) in a cream base or zinc paste (20% zinc oxide) were applied twice daily, at a dose of 0.5 g, to the dorsal surface of the mouse. These experiments were conducted for 7 days. The MT content of the skin increased in a time-dependent manner after dexamethasone application with maximal values (7.1 +/- 0.29 pmol MT/mg wet weight) seen after 5 days, whereas zinc paste caused only slight increases after 3 days of treatment. The effect of hydrocortisone and triamcinolone-acetonide on the MT content of the skin was also studied. The physiological significance of these results is briefly discussed.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1989

[Livido racemosa in detection of anti-phospholipid antibodies].

Livedo reticularis and antiphospholipid antibodies have previously been found to be associated with a subgroup of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. We present a case of livedo reticularis accompanied by antiphospholipid antibodies, in which no other signs of any systemic or cutaneous disease could be detected.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Liposomes--drug carriers for retinally active drugs?].

Small lipid droplets, the so-called liposomes, can serve as drug carriers and can in theory be targeted directly at diseased tissue. Thus, comparatively smaller quantities of drugs than usual are necessary. However, liposomes are recognized by the immune system and are absorbed by the reticuloendothelial system and therefore also by the Kupffer cells in the liver. These cells are storage compartments for esterified vitamin A. As about 80% of the liposomes are metabolized in the liver, retinoids form a pool for substances transported with retinoid-binding proteins. Whether retinoids reach the retina via direct liposome contact or through the endocytotic process is still not clear. In rabbits, however, retinoids applied in small unilamellar liposomes (SUV) produce photoreceptor malfunctioning (isotretinoin and etretinate) and photoreceptor outer segment damage with an increase in phagocytotic activity of the retinal pigment epithelium (etretinate).

Drug Carriers↗
PubMed1988

[Bullous systemic lupus erythematosus].

Bullous lupus erythematosus (BLE) is an uncommon variant of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We present a 23-year-old man with SLE, who developed a bullous eruption associated with a flare of the systemic disease. Differential diagnosis and problems of diagnosis are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Hemorrhagic bullous amyloidosis. A histologic, immunocytochemical, and ultrastructural study of two patients.

In patients with bullous hemorrhagic amyloidosis of the skin, the skin lesions were the first manifestations of a plasma cell dyscrasia. Both cases were characterized by similar clinical, histologic, and ultrastructural findings showing an intradermal blister within deposits of amyloid substances. Immunohistologic investigations with a panel of antibodies directed against amyloid fibril proteins showed reactivity of the amyloid deposits with an anti-A lambda serum in both patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Disorders of retinal function in long-term therapy with retinoid etretinate].

Four patients receiving etretinate as long-term therapy were examined. The accumulated dosage was 135 g for Patient 1, about 80 g for Patients 2 and 3, and 31 g etretinate and 4.8 g etretine (Ro 10-1670; main metabolite of etretinate) for Patient 4. Clinical examinations, visual fields (Haitz, Amsler, Goldmann), and EOGs (two patients) were normal. Patient 1 (135 g) showed a decreased level of rod sensitivity at dark adaptation (Goldmann-Weekers), whereas the cone responses were regular in all cases. Furthermore, Patient 1 showed reduced scotopic ERG amplitudes. Aside from this, photopic and scotopic ERGs were normal as far as a- and b-wave amplitudes and peak latencies were concerned. The flicker fusion frequencies were found to be regular. The peak latencies of the R2-component of the early receptor potentials seemed rather short. In all four patients alterations of color sense were analyzed in the Farnsworth Munsell 100 Hue test. The color sense defect seems to originate in the blue-yellow spectrum and--at higher dosages--extends to the red-green spectrum. Examinations with the anomaloscope revealed deuteranomalous settings. Ophthalmological checks for patients receiving long-term aromatic retinoid therapy are recommended, especially with regard to dark adaptation and color sense.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Clinical aspects and differential diagnosis of cutaneous lupus erythematosus].

On the basis of LE cases treated at the Department of Dermatology, Düsseldorf University, during the last few years, we present the various forms of cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE). 72% of the patients showed discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE), whereas disseminated discoid LE (DDLE) and lupus panniculitis were found in 3% each. Lupus erythematosus tumidus (LET), as well, must be regarded as exceptional. Subacute cutaneous LE (SCLE) and systemic LE (SLE) showed nearly similar frequency (10 and 12%, resp.). Bullous LE is also very rare and must be considered a variant of SLE. The various forms of cutaneous LE can be differentiated according to clinical presentation and histopathology. Direct immunofluorescence, in contrast, has but limited diagnostic value, except with lesions on the scalp. Exact classification of cutaneous LE is the more essential, as it implies considerable therapeutic and prognostic consequences for the patient.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1987

[Significant association of HLA-B8 with systemic lupus erythematosus and with specific serological markers].

Analysis of the HLA antigens of the A, B and C locus of 87 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) revealed a significant elevation for HLA-B8 of 64% as compared to 22% in a healthy control group (n = 1850) (P less than 0.000001). Owing to the known linkage disequilibrium of this genetic marker with the HLA-A1 antigen, the HLA phenotype A1, B8 was found in 55% of the SLE patients (P less than 0.000001). Moreover, a significant association of the HLA-B8 in 82% (P less than 0.025) of Ro antibody-positive SLE patients (n = 22) and in 84% (P less than 0.025) of Ha antibody-positive patients (n = 19) was striking. A more frequent occurrence of this HLA antigen could also be detected in patients with a persistent nDNA antibody elevation and in patients with manifestation of the disease before the 40th year of life as compared to patients who manifested it later. An association of the HLA-B8 antigen with a raised disease activity of SLE can be inferred.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Polychemotherapy of acute myelogenous leukemia in a patient with acute intermittent porphyria.

The safety of drugs in hepatic porphyrias has largely been established by clinical experience, which is very limited in the case of antineoplastic agents. We administered three cycles of polychemotherapy consisting of daunorubicin, cytarabine and 6-thioguanine, and modified supportive care to a 33-year-old Turkish woman suffering from acute myelogenous leukemia. The urinary excretion of total porphyrins, porphobilinogen, and aminolevulinic acid was continuously monitored. Excretion of these metabolites was permanently elevated, but the values were comparatively low during cytotoxic therapy while peak values were recorded at the onset of fever during bone marrow aplasia; yet there were no clinical signs of porphyritic attacks at that time. A few potentially unsafe drugs were tolerated without an increase in porphyrin excretion. Although the susceptibility to drugs is highly variable in patients with hepatic porphyrias, the treatment of malignancy in these patients seems justified as long as porphyrin excretion under therapy is not grossly elevated over baseline values and appropriately modified supportive care is administered.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

Influence of chronic alcohol consumption on hepatic heme and porphyrin metabolism.

To study the effect of prolonged alcohol consumption on hepatic heme and porphyrin metabolism, female Wistar rats were fed for 60 days a nutritionally adequate liquid diet containing 36% of total calories as ethanol, whereas the control diet was isocaloric and contained no alcohol. Compared to pair-fed controls, the administration of the alcohol diet resulted in an increased hepatic activity of delta-aminolevulinic acid synthase by 223% (112.3 +/- 19.6 nmoles/hr/100 g b.wt. vs. 362.8 +/- 42.5; P less than 0.01), an enhanced urinary excretion of delta-aminolevulinic acid by 101% (64.8 +/- 11.8 nmoles/day vs. 130.8 +/- 22.4; P less than 0.05), and an augmented urinary output of total porphyrins by 142% (1.2 +/- 0.2 nmoles/day vs. 2.9 +/- 0.5; P less than 0.05). Concomitantly, the hepatic content of cytochrome P-450 was significantly enhanced and that of hepatic catalase activity marginally increased, whereas the hepatic iron content remained unaltered. In summary, the feeding of rats with a liquid alcohol diet for 60 days results in changes of hepatic heme and porphyrin metabolism which are associated and may be causally related with an induction of hepatic hemoproteins and subsequent derepression of hepatic delta-aminolevulinic acid synthase, whereas hepatic iron appears to play no pathogenic role.

5-Aminolevulinate Synthetase↗
PubMed1987

Experimental carotenoid retinopathy. II. Functional and morphological alterations of the rabbit retina after acute canthaxanthin application with small unilamellar phospholipid liposomes.

Eight "chinchilla bastard" pigmented rabbits were treated intravenously with sonicated phospholipid liposomes (SUV) consisting predominantly of egg yolk phosphatidylcholine (PC). Four rabbits were treated with canthaxanthin incorporated into PC liposomes in a single injection and fractionated over a period of 19 days. The total amount of PC used was a single dose of 260 mg administered as a 50-ml suspension and 13.7 mg/fraction given as a 5-ml suspension. The total amount of canthaxanthin used was a single 40 mg as a 50-ml suspension and 2.1 mg/fraction as 5-ml suspension. Electroretinography showed that canthaxanthin produced a depression of the a-waves and prolongation of the scotopic a- and b-wave peak latencies. A single high-dose injection of PC and PC plus canthaxanthin resulted in a transitory reduction in ERG amplitudes. A single injection of PC and canthaxanthin also produced hypernormal a-waves within the recovery time. Electron microscopy demonstrated that in contrast to the controls (PC), the canthaxanthin-treated rabbits showed alterations in the RPE/photoreceptor complex, indicating that these layers are the primary site of canthaxanthin effects on the retina.

Animals↗