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Biomedical subjects

G Goddard

Publications and source records attributed to G Goddard.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Sex differences in masticatory muscle pain after chewing.

Neither the etiology of muscle-related temporomandibular disorders (TMD) nor the reason for the disproportionate number of women suffering from these disorders is well-established. We tested the hypothesis that physiologically relevant exercise (i.e., chewing bubble gum for 6 min) increases masticatory muscle pain in patients, but not in asymptomatic control subjects, and that female patients experience a significantly greater increase than males. Chewing increased pain in both female and male patients and, unexpectedly, also in female control subjects. One hour after chewing, the pain remained above pre-test levels for female patients but not for the other groups. Thus, sex differences in chewing-induced pain were found in control subjects but not as hypothesized in patients. Because chewing-induced masticatory muscle pain was significantly greater in female control subjects than in males, and persisted longer in female patients than in males, these results suggest greater susceptibility in women.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Rheumatoid arthritis exacerbation caused by exogenous interleukin-12.

Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is a pleiotropic cytokine with proinflammatory, immunoregulatory, antitumor, and antimetastatic properties. It plays a crucial role in the development of the Th1 response and subsequent interferon-gamma production and enhancement of cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Recently, IL-12 has been used as an experimental therapy for cancer. Given the multiple immunomodulatory properties of IL-12, there are potential concerns associated with its clinical use. Of special interest are the possible side effects of IL-12 therapy in patients with autoimmune diseases, especially those that are T cell mediated, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We present a case of severe RA exacerbation caused by treatment with IL-12 for metastatic cervical cancer. This is the first reported case of RA flare caused by exogenous IL-12.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1998

Controversies in TMD.

Health professionals have dealt with temporomandibular disorders, a major cause of non-dental pain in the orofacial region, by developing a broad range of treatments, from occlusal alteration to multidisciplinary self-care regimens. Research directed toward evaluation of various TMD treatment modalities is particularly controversial due to cyclical fluctuation of symptoms, high rates of spontaneous remission, and possibility of placebo effect interference. Given this variety of treatments now current, dental professionals bear a broadening responsibility to review and assess the range of diagnostic possibilities and treatment potentials now entering into the scientific literature.

Humans↗
PubMed1995

Multiple autoantibodies in patients with silicone breast implants.

Diverse immunologic abnormalities have been described in women who received silicone breast implants. However, most studies have focused on either a limited number of patients or a small panel of autoantibodies. We report the analysis of 20 autoantibodies in 116 women with implants and 134 controls. The patients ranged from 26- to 66-years-old, with a mean of 45.7 +/- 8.3 years; breast prostheses were in place for a mean of 15 +/- 5.6 years, with a range of 4 to 30, the chief complaints of the 116 patients included polyarthralgias, fatigue, myalgias, morning stiffness, and decreased memory. All 250 sera were tested blindly using a panel of 20 autoantigens including SS-A, SS-B, RNP, cardiolipin (CL), collagen types I, II and IV, phosphatidylserine (PS), myeloperoxidase (MPO), sulfatides (sulf), thyroglobulin (TG), gangliosides (GDIa;GM2), proteinase-3 (PR3), Jo-1, Sm, HPRPP-ribosomal phosphate, histones (H2AH2B), Scl-70 and glomerular basement membrane (NC-1). Values from individual patients were considered positive only when greater than 3 SD above the control mean. There was a statistically significant greater frequency of autoantibodies in women with implants for 15 of the 20 autoantigens; these were particularly striking for anti-H2AH2B, HPRPP, SS-A, SS-B, Scl-70, CL, PS, GM2, and NC-1. Many patients harbored several autoantibodies; 20% had four autoantibodies; 8% had six autoantibodies. The association of autoantibodies and implants suggests an adjuvant action of silicon/silicone byproducts.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1994

Managing TMD.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Humans↗
PubMed1993

Articular disk displacement of TMJ due to trauma.

One hundred and thirty native American Indian patients undergoing orthodontic treatment for malocclusions were screened for temporomandibular joint (TMJ) abnormalities. These patients were followed over the course of orthodontic treatment and six of these patients suffered a traumatic injury to the TMJ. These six patients who had been previously screened and found to be asymptomatic, developed symptoms. Three were diagnosed with articular disk displacement of the TMJ confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Absorbed aluminium is found with two cytosolic protein fractions, other than ferritin, in the rat duodenum.

After in vivo perfusion of the upper intestine of the rat with a range of concentrations of aluminium chloride, entry of the metal into the portal system was only detected when the perfusate exceeded 400 mumol/l, suggesting a mucosal block. Using gel filtration of a mucosal cytosol extract, two consistently appearing aluminium peaks were identified which may represent aluminium binding proteins. Both were heat stable at 60 degrees C and had molecular sizes of about 700 (kilo daltons) (kD) and 17 kD respectively. The larger molecule was distinct from ferritin. Neither molecule associated with 59Fe nor 45Ca. It is suggested that the aluminium peaks are relatively specific aluminium binding proteins that have a scavenging role, reducing entry of the metal from the intestinal contents into the portal blood.

Aluminum↗
PubMed1992

Case report of trigeminal neuralgia presenting as odontalgia.

A case of trigeminal neuralgia presenting as odontalgia in a 47-year-old female is described. This case shows the difficulty of making a correct diagnosis and how patients can be subjected to unnecessary treatment and continued suffering when a correct diagnosis is not made.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1990

Aluminum absorption by rat duodenum: further evidence of energy-dependent uptake.

Duodenums of intact anaesthetised rats have been perfused with saline-bicarbonate buffer (pH 8.5), containing AlCl3, across a range of concentrations 0-300 microM. A linear relation between rate of uptake and perfusate Al concentration was found. The clearance of Al from the lumen was also studied with the mean perfusate concentration of 60 microM, in the presence of certain inhibitors. The clearance was significantly reduced by NaCN(1 mM) or dinitrophenol (0.1 mM) in the perfusate, and by prior perfusion with vanadate (10 microM) in saline. No effect was observed after colchicine (25 micrograms) was administered i.v. 3 h before perfusion, but vincristine (10 micrograms) given similarly reduced clearance significantly. Verapamil (25 micrograms/ml) in the perfusate caused a small, just significant, reduction in clearance. These data further characterise duodenal absorption of Al under physiological conditions and suggest that energy-dependent transport plays an important role in its uptake. Calcium channels may provide an additional entry site.

Aluminum↗