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Biomedical subjects

G Gobbi

Publications and source records attributed to G Gobbi.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Radiotherapy of the breast after conservative surgery for primary carcinoma. Irradiation technic with matched fields].

The authors report their technique for breast radiotherapy following conservative surgery (quadrantectomy + axillary dissection). The breast and chest wall are irradiated with photons from a 60Co unit through two fixed opposing tangential fields. The posterior field edges must be parallel and coplanar to the chest wall. A routine treatment plan using simulator, pantograph and computerized console is standardized by mathematical formulae elaborated from geometric breast measurement parameters. Gammagraphies acquired prior to and during therapy allow verification and control of treatment parameters. For 35 patients the therapy plan as described was compared with that obtained by CT images. Our procedure proved valid and an accurate treatment plan could be elaborated even without CT images. The use of wedges, half-field blocks and the dose scattered to the contralateral breast are also discussed.

Axilla↗
PubMed1989

Ovarian and cervical thyroid struma. A case report.

A case of associated ovarian and cervical thyroid struma in a 24-year old female, is reported. The patient was affected by a right thyroid cold nodule which at fine needle aspiration biopsy showed the cytological pattern of benign follicular adenoma; as the nodule was increasing after one year of suppressive therapy, the patient was selected for surgery. At admission during routine physical examination a previously undetected left pelvic mass was discovered: at laparotomy it proved to be a cystic tumor consisting of benign thyroid tissue at the level of left ovary. Histology confirmed the diagnosis of follicular adenoma of the right thyroid nodule after right lobectomy. Albeit cases of thyroid tissue in the ovary have been reported, true struma ovarii is a rare occurrence. A concomitant hyperthyroidism is seen in only 1/4 of cases and the patients can be divided into three groups: hyperthyroid, ascitic and asymptomatic: our patient was in the asymptomatic group.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1988

Hyperfractionated total body irradiation for T-depleted HLA identical bone marrow transplants.

Twenty patients suffering from malignant hemopathies (mean age 31.7 years) were given hyperfractionated total body irradiation (TBI) (120 cGy/3 fractions per day: total dose = 1440 cGy/4 days) as conditioning for T-depleted HLA identical allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. At an average of 12 months (range of 4.5-22 months) follow-up there were two cases of early death and two cases (11%) of rejection. There were no cases of acute or chronic graft versus host disease (GVHD) nor cases of interstitial pneumonitis. The average time for durable engraftment was 22 days. Disease-free survival at 12 months was 65%. To improve the results and further reduce the percent of rejection, the authors propose intensifying the immunosuppressive conditioning by increasing the cyclophosphamide dose and that of TBI so that a total dose of 1560 cGy is reached.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Appearance of EEG abnormalities in two patients during long-term treatment with B vitamins].

Two female patients, one treated for epilepsy by phenobarbital (PB) and carbamazepine (CBZ), the other suffering from neurosis and free of any drug therapy, were given group B vitamins (riboflavin and nicotinic acid respectively) and showed during the long-term administration of these vitamins 2-3 Hz generalized electro-encephalographic (EEG) abnormalities. These EEG changes were detected incidentally and were not associated with any clinical manifestation; they disappeared progressively within several weeks after discontinuation of vitamin therapy. In our opinion, it is likely that the treatment with B vitamins was entirely responsible for the EEG changes, as one of the patients did not receive any other drug, while the other did not show any significant change of PB and CBZ plasma levels during vitamin therapy. However, other cases reported will be necessary to confirm our impressions.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Epilepsy with bilateral occipital calcifications: a benign onset with progressive severity.

We studied four patients with a focal epilepsy and bilateral occipital corticosubcortical calcifications without any sign of phakomatosis. The clinical course of the disease was similar in all the patients and evolved from a benign onset to a severe encephalopathy with progressive mental impairment. The question of whether these patients have an incomplete and atypical form of Sturge-Weber syndrome or a previously undescribed disorder is addressed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Periodic spasms: an unclassified type of epileptic seizure in childhood.

Seven boys aged between 14 months and 13 years with focal or multifocal partial epilepsy had very unusual seizures, characterized by series of periodic bilateral spasms. These consisted of a brief, complex movement of slight to severe intensity, mainly involving the axial muscles, with raising of the shoulders, adversion of the eyes and head, often with rictus-type facial grimaces and occasional stretching of the legs and emission of a guttural sound. The ictal EEG showed a pattern of periodic complexes, characterized by a slow wave with superimposed fast activity. This form of epileptic seizure is resistant to treatment and is found only in patients affected by a brain disease consisting of a fixed or progressive encephalopathy. These observations document the existence of a rare form of seizure or epileptic event, not yet included in the International Classification of epileptic seizures and clinically relevant because of its diagnostic and prognostic implications.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Benign myoclonus of early infancy or benign non-epileptic infantile spasms.

Lombroso and Fejerman (1983) described a syndrome which shares with West syndrome the clinical features of flexion spasm with onset in early infancy. However the syndrome differs from West syndrome in the absence of mental and psycho-motor involvement and having a normal EEG during wakefulness and sleep. We report four cases of these benign spasms of early infancy with polygraphic recording of the spasms providing the following information: the spasms are clinically similar to those often observed in West syndrome; namely they are characterized by a short (2-4 sec.) tonic contraction, there are no significant changes of the EEG concomitant to the spasm, series of spasms can occur not only during the daytime but also during sleep and immediately after awakening. Differential diagnosis is discussed with West syndrome and benign myoclonic epilepsy in infancy and with non-epileptic syndromes. The authors propose to name this syndrome: Benign Non-Epileptic Infantile Spasms.

Electroencephalography↗
PubMed1986

The effect of intravenous L-5-HTP in the myoclonic encephalopathy of infants.

A 7 year old girl suffering from myoclonic encephalopathy of infants (MEI) underwent acute treatment by slow intravenous L-5-hydroxytrypthophan (L-5-HTP). The authors found a clear clinical physiological improvement of myoclonic symptoms at rest and during action, but the opsoclonus remained unchanged. The authors suggest that, at least in this case of MEI, the myoclonus was serotonin responsive, as already reported in action or intention and stimulus sensitive myoclonus.

5-Hydroxytryptophan↗
PubMed1986

[Bicameral stimulation in a case of corrected transposition of the great vessels].

A patient with Corrected Transposition of the Great Arteries (CTGA), mild incompetence of left A-V valve, complete atrioventricular block without associated anatomic lesions, in whom a bicameral permanent pace maker has been implanted, is described. The procedure of implantation did not present any particular problem; the stability of the electrocatheters was good. The exercise tolerance with DDD mode stimulation was normal and definitively better as compared to that achieved with ventricular stimulation at progressively higher stimulation frequency. The patient is now well and attending a normal physical activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Radon and radon daughter evaluation in a natural radioactivity survey indoors.

An indoor survey in order to estimate the population exposure in five towns of an Italian Region is presented. A particular methodology for the campaign was planned and is being applied. Gamma spectrometry of building materials, exposure rate measurements indoors and outdoors and radon concentration measurements indoors were taken with different techniques. A correlation was found between mean gamma exposure rate and mean radon concentration in the houses investigated. An evaluation of mean effective dose equivalents for the inhabitants of the five towns is reported.

Construction Materials↗
PubMed1985

[Case of epilepsy in an infant with fatal outcome during the 1st year of unknown etiology].

An 11-month-old infant, full-term born after normal pregnancy and delivery had a generalized short tonic-clonic seizure at the 7th hour of life. These seizures were repeated on the 7th, 8th, 9th and 22nd days, and they persisted like bilateral myoclonic fits once a week. The EEG recordings showed asynchronous spikes and spike-waves on the vertex and both frontal areas. The seizure's recording showed a brief burst of bilateral spike-waves. The psychomotor development was retarded but progressive. At 10 months 9 days the patient presented a status without any impairment to all therapeutic trials. Death occurred after 12 days of status. The unexpected severe evolution of this epilepsy with unknown etiology, which did not evoke any metabolic or degenerative diseases, is discussed.

Developmental Disabilities↗
PubMed1985

Absence status appearing on eye-closure.

Two personal observations of absence status appearing on eye closure are described and similar cases in the literature considered. Treatment of such an absence status with clobazam is proposed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Occipital seizures in Lafora disease: a further case documented by EEG.

The authors present the case of a patient with Lafora disease proven by skin biopsy, who suffered two occipital seizures recorded on EEG and provoked by intermittent photic stimulation. On the basis of data in the literature and their present experience, the authors suggest the involvement of the occipital lobes as a whole in the epileptogenic activity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Time-dependent interaction between phenytoin and valproic acid.

The diurnal variation in total and free plasma phenytoin (PHT) concentration at steady state was examined in eight epileptic patients receiving combination therapy with tid valproic acid (VPA) as sodium salt. Eight patients treated with PHT, but not with VPA, were studied for comparison purposes. In the absence of VPA coadministration, total and free PHT concentrations did not change significantly during the day and showed only minor intrapatient fluctuations (14 and 13%, respectively). In patients receiving VPA, the mean total PHT did not change significantly, whereas the free PHT increased during the day (p less than 0.05). The fluctuations in total and free PHT in these patients were 16 and 17% on average. In the presence of VPA, the free PHT fraction was higher than in controls (13.9 +/- 2.3% versus 8.3 +/- 1.9%; p less than 0.01) and fluctuated to a greater extent (29 versus 14% in controls; p less than 0.01), mainly as a result of combined opposite swings in both total and free concentration. The diurnal changes in free PHT concentration and fraction correlated positively with the changes in plasma VPA. An inverse relationship between total PHT concentration and plasma VPA was found in some patients. These data demonstrate that the displacement interaction between PHT and VPA is subject to diurnal variation, probably as a result of the fluctuation in plasma VPA. The implications of these findings are discussed.

Adolescent↗