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Biomedical subjects

G Giorgi

Publications and source records attributed to G Giorgi.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Amiloride pharmacokinetics in rat.

The kinetics of amiloride was investigated in plasma, urine, faeces and tissues of rats after oral (10 mg/kg) and i.v. (10 mg/kg bolus and 35 microg/h for 4-days infusion) administration. Initially the experimental data were analyzed by a multiexponential model, then a compartmental model was developed to describe the drug kinetics in plasma, urine, faeces and tissues after the i.v. bolus and the oral administration simultaneously. Aim of the model was also to predict the drug kinetics in plasma and tissues of rats after continuous i.v. infusion. The results of the prediction and the discrepancies between prediction and observed data allowed a deeper insight into the pharmacokinetics of amiloride.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Perineal hernia].

The authors base this study on a case of perineal hernia referred to their attention. In the light of the scant international literature on this subject, they focus on the topographical anatomy of the pelvic floor in order to gain a clearer understanding of this pathology, as well as their classification into median, lateral, anterior and posterior forms. Above all, the authors draw attention to the importance of the differential diagnosis of perineal hernia from Bartholin cysts or vulvar tumours in relation to anterior perineal hernia, and perianal abscesses in relation to posterior hernia. They underline the value of ultrasonography or TAC during the diagnostic procedure. Lastly, they examine the channels of aggression for this type of hernia which may be abdominal, perianal or combined (abdominal and peri-anal), as well as the repair techniques used, varying from direct suture with non-absorbable material to the use of prolene mesh or flaps if the hernia breech is very large.

Hernia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Synthesis and antitumor activity of substituted 3-(5-imidazo[2,1-b]thiazolylmethylene)-2-indolinones.

The synthesis of 3-(5-imidazo]2,1-blthiazolylmethylene)-2-indolinones, analogs of compounds recently published, is described. The EIZ isomerism was studied by means of nuclear Overhauser effect experiments and X-ray crystallography. All the compounds were tested as potential antitumor agents. They were also tested as potential inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1), in order to determine if the antitumor activity was related to this mechanism of action. The results showed that under certain substitution conditions (5-methoxy group for the indole benzene ring and 2-methyl group for the imidazothiazole system), an interesting antitumor activity was found for some compounds. From the analysis of the antitumor data, 3-1(2,6-dimethylimidazo[2,1-bJ-thiazol-5-yl)methylenel-5-methoxy-2-indolinone was the most active of the whole series.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Insulin formulations--a review.

Although the improvement on insulin therapy since it was first conceived, it is still far from mimicking physiological secretion of pancreatic b-cells and research to find new insulin formulations and new routes of administration continues. Human biosynthetic insulin (rapid-acting, intermediate-acting and long-acting), produced by recombinant DNA technique, is currently available. The pharmacokinetic profile of rapid-acting insulin (regular) does not adequately reproduce the physiological post-prandial insulin response. This has led to the development of molecular analogues with slight modifications that prevent the spontaneous polymerisation underlying delayed absorption. Fast-acting analogues such as Lyspro and Aspart can be injected immediately before the meal, inducing a very fast and substantial peak of insulin, similar to that produced by b-cells, but have the disadvantage of short duration of action. For this reason, and because of the difficulty of obtaining sufficient basal insulin concentrations to control preprandial blood glucose levels with current long-acting insulins, analogues known as Glargine and Detemir have been synthesized. They have virtually no plasma peak and acts for about 24 h. These characteristics make it ideal to cover basal insulin requirement. With insulin analogues, it also seems possible to overcome the problem of intra- and inter-individual variability in absorption after subcutaneous injection. This variability is directly proportional to the duration of insulin action. Research into new routes of administration has led to production of inhaled insulin powder, soon to become commercially available. Insulin is absorbed through the lung alveoli. Trials to evaluate efficacy and toleration have shown that inhaled insulin has a similar kinetic profile to the fast-acting injected analogue and can therefore be used for mealtime requirement, combined with a single daily injection of long-acting insulin. Oral insulin is currently being studied in type 1 diabetes prevention with promising results.

Delayed-Action Preparations↗