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Biomedical subjects

G Giordano

Publications and source records attributed to G Giordano.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

[An increased prevalence of thyroid echographic and autoimmune changes in hyperprolactinemic women on therapy with dopaminergic drugs].

Prolactin (PRL) possesses mitogenic and immunomodulatory properties. We evaluated the prevalence of ultrasonographic thyroid alterations and thyroid autoimmunity in hyperprolactinaemic (HPRL) women and correlated these with PRL levels. Furthermore, we studied the PRL binding in human benign nodular thyroid tissues. 133 HPRL patients (16-63 years) and 103 healthy female controls (16-63 years) with no known history of thyroid disease were studied. Blood samples were collected for PRL, FT3, FT4, TSH, thyroid peroxidase auto-antibodies (TPO Ab) and thyroglobulin auto-antibodies (Tg Ab) assays. All subjects underwent thyroid ultrasonography. PRL binding to thyroid membranes was determined by in-vitro radioreceptor assay in 5 human benign nodular thyroid fragments obtained from female patients. No difference in TSH levels was found, while FT3 (4.5 +/- 0.1 pmol/L) and FT4 (16.2 +/- 0.4 pmol/L) levels were significantly higher in controls than in HPRL (FT3: 3.8 +/- 0.1 pmol/L, p = 0.01, FT4: 15.4 +/- 0.2 pmol/L, p = 0.04). The prevalence of thyroid ultrasonographic alterations (simple goitre, uni-multinodular goitre, chronic thyroiditis) was significantly higher in HPRL (30.8%) than in controls (15.5%, p = 0.01) but did not correlate with mean initial and actual PRL levels or duration of the disease. The prevalence of autoantibodies was significantly higher in HPRL (29.6%) than in controls (14.3%, p = 0.04) but did not correlate with PRL levels. Very low specific PRL binding to thyroid membranes was detected. The high prevalence of thyroid ultrasonographic alterations and autoimmunity in HPRL suggests a possible role of PRL in the development of thyroid diseases. Clinical and instrumental thyroid screening may therefore be advisable in these patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Splenic trauma: splenectomy in every case?].

The authors report their experience in the conservative treatment of splenic traumas observed in the period 1987-1997. They point out the difference in the incidence of splenectomy in comparison with conservative treatment (p < 0.001) and nonoperative management (p < 0.05) in the two periods examined (1987-92 and 1993-97). They stress the manifold functions of the spleen and his role in the immunitary defense above all in pediatric age, and emphasize, on the base of their experience, the conservative treatment of traumatic splenic injuries in patient carefully selected. This curative strategy is supported by the notable contribution offered by sophisticated methods of radiological imaging (echography, CT, angiography) and by the commercialization of substances at high stick capacity (Tissucol). The lack of complications at short and middle term (reoperation for restart of the hemorrhage and ischemic necrosis after ligature of the splenic artery) induces the authors to consider the conservative treatment of the splenic traumas, in the cases in which it is pursuable, an ideal therapeutic solution.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Meconium peritonitis and feto-fetal transfusion syndrome].

A case of twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome with intrauterine death of one twin and meconium peritonitis and intravascular disseminated coagulation in the other twin is reported. Meconium peritonitis follows to bowel perforation, caused by segmental severe hypoplasia of muscular layer. The Authors suggest that this structural alteration of bowel wall could be an expression of inequal distribution of some cells between the two twins, during embrional development.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Presence and severity of carotid atherosclerosis in asymptomatic hypertension patients with left ventricular hypertrophy].

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Arterial hypertension is associated with structural changes in the cardiovascular system. In hypertensives, a relationship has been found between left ventricular hypertrophy and carotid wall thickness, whereas the association with atherosclerotic plaque is less defined. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence and severity of carotid atherosclerosis in hypertensive patients with or without left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied 122 hypertensive subjects (62 men and 60 women), aged 60.1 +/- 12.1. Subjects were considered to have left ventricular hypertrophy if their left ventricular mass index (LVMI) at echocardiography exceeded 110 g/m2 in women and 135 g/m2 in men. Carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), external diameter and atherosclerotic plaques were evaluated by high resolution echo-color Doppler. RESULTS: IMT in both common carotid and bifurcation was significantly greater in hypertensives with LVH (p < 0.01), whereas external diameter did not differ significantly in the two groups. Increased presence (73.4 vs 32.8%) and severity (18.7 vs 5.2% for stenosis > 40%) of atherosclerotic plaque were found in the hypertrophic group. A weak but significant association was present among left ventricular mass index, ventricular wall thicknesses and carotid intima-media thickness, and plaque. CONCLUSIONS: In asymptomatic hypertensive subjects, LVH is associated with an increased risk of plaque formation and progression. Vascular hypertrophy may represent a distinct prognostic factor in hypertension and the association of cardiac and vascular hypertrophy may identify a group at high risk of future cardiovascular events.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Assessment of quality of life in recently post-menopausal women on dopaminergic therapy for pathological hyperprolactinaemia.

BACKGROUND: Psychological distress has been reported in pre-menopausal hyperprolactinaemic women. The aim of this study was to assess quality of life in a group of recently post-menopausal women with a long-term history of hyperprolactinaemia. METHODS: Thirty-one recently post-menopausal hyperprolactinaemic women (age range 46-59 years) and 37 control women matched for age and menopausal status. Hyperprolactinaemia had been diagnosed 2-22 years before the study. All hyperprolactinaemic women were on dopaminergic therapy. The self-rating Kellner Symptom Questionnaire (KSQ) and the Hamilton Depression Scale (HDS) were used to evaluate psychiatric profile. Evaluation of climacteric symptoms was performed with the ad-hoc self-rating 21-item Menopausal Rating Scale (MRS). Serum PRL, E2, LH, FSH, and free-thyroid hormones were evaluated. RESULTS: Hyperprolactinaemic women showed normal PRL on dopaminergic therapy. No difference was noted in PRL, LH, FSH, free-T4, and E2 levels between groups. Free-T3 was significantly (p = 0.001) lower in hyperprolactinaemic than in control women. There was no difference in overall scores on the MRS between the groups. Only the item "rapid and strengthened heart-beat" was significantly (p = 0.04) lower in hyperprolactinaemic than in control women. Control women showed a significant correlation between the score for this item and free-thyroid hormone levels. Overall KSQ scores and subsection analysis of items did not show significant differences between groups. On HDS evaluation, depressive symptoms were similar in hyperprolactinaemic and control women. CONCLUSIONS: Quality of life seems unchanged in recently post-menopausal women with a long-term history of hyperprolactinaemia currently on dopaminergic therapy. The present study does not therefore support the differences in psychological profile reported in literature between untreated hyperprolactinaemic and control women unselected for age.

Dopamine Agents↗
PubMed1998

Molecular analysis of the trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) reductase respiratory system from a Shewanella species.

Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is an abundant compound of tissues of marine fish and invertebrates. During fish spoilage, certain marine bacteria can reduce TMAO to nauseous trimethylamine (TMA). One such bacterium has been isolated and identified as a new Shewanella species, and called Shewanella massilia. The anaerobic growth of S. massilia is greatly increased when TMAO is added, indicating that TMAO reduction involves a respiratory pathway. The TorA enzyme responsible for TMAO reduction is a molybdenum cofactor-containing protein of 90 kDa located in the periplasm. Whereas TorA is induced by both TMAO and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), this enzyme has a high substrate specificity and appears to only efficiently reduce TMAO as a natural compound. The structural torA gene encoding the TMAO reductase (TorA) and its flanking regions were amplified using PCR techniques. The torA gene is the third gene of a TMAO-inducible operon (torECAD) encoding the TMAO respiratory components. The torC gene, located upstream from torA encodes a pentahemic c-type cytochrome, likely to be involved in electron transfer to the TorA terminal reductase. TorC was shown to be anchored to the membrane and, like TorA, is induced by TMAO. Except for the TorE protein, which is encoded by the first gene of the torECAD operon, all the tor gene products are homologous to proteins found in the TMAO/DMSO reductase systems from Escherichia coli and Rhodobacter species. In addition, the genetic organization of these systems is similar. Although these bacteria are found in different ecological niches, their respiratory systems appear to be phylogenetically related, suggesting that they come from a common ancestor.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1998

Crystal structure of oxidized trimethylamine N-oxide reductase from Shewanella massilia at 2.5 A resolution.

The periplasmic trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) reductase from the marine bacteria Shewanella massilia is involved in a respiratory chain, having trimethylamine N-oxide as terminal electron acceptor. This molybdoenzyme belongs to the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) reductase family, but has a different substrate specificity than its homologous enzyme. While the DMSO reductases reduce a broad spectra of organic S-oxide and N-oxide compounds, TMAO reductase from Shewanella massilia reduces only TMAO as the natural compound. The crystal structure was solved by molecular replacement with the coordinates of the DMSO reductase from Rhodobacter sphaeroides. The overall fold of the protein structure is essentially the same as the DMSO reductase structures, organized into four domains. The molybdenum coordination sphere is closest to that described in the DMSO reductase of Rhodobacter capsulatus. The structural differences found in the protein environment of the active site could be related to the differences in substrate specificity of these enzymes. In close vicinity of the molybdenum ion a tyrosine residue is missing in the TMAO reductase, leaving a greater space accessible to the solvent. This tyrosine residue has contacts to the oxo groups in the DMSO reductase structures. The arrangement and number of charged residues lining the inner surface of the funnel-like entrance to the active site, is different in the TMAO reductase than in the DMSO reductases from Rhodobacter species. Furthermore a surface loop at the top of the active-site funnel, for which no density was present in the DMSO reductase structures, is well defined in the oxidized form of the TMAO reductase structure, and is located on the border of the funnel-like entrance of the active center.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1998

TorD, a cytoplasmic chaperone that interacts with the unfolded trimethylamine N-oxide reductase enzyme (TorA) in Escherichia coli.

Reduction of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) in Escherichia coli involves the terminal molybdoreductase TorA, located in the periplasm, and the membrane anchored c type cytochrome TorC. In this study, the role of the TorD protein, encoded by the third gene of torCAD operon, is investigated. Construction of a mutant, in which the torD gene is interrupted, showed that the absence of TorD protein leads to a two times decrease of the final amount of TorA enzyme. However, specific activity and biochemical properties of TorA enzyme were similar to those of the enzyme produced in the wild type. Excess of TorD protein restores the normal level of TorA enzyme, and also, leads to the appearance of a new cytoplasmic form of TorA on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis using gentle conditions. This probably indicates a new folding state of the cytoplasmic TorA protein when TorD is overexpressed. BIAcore techniques demonstrated direct specific interaction between the TorA and TorD proteins. This interaction was enhanced when TorA was previously unfolded by heating. Finally, as TorA is a molybdoenzyme, we demonstrated that TorD can interact with TorA before the molybdenum cofactor has been inserted. As TorD homologue encoding genes are found in various TMAO reductase loci, we propose that TorD is a chaperone protein specific for the TorA enzyme. It belongs to a family of TorD-like chaperones present in several bacteria, and, probably, involved in TMAO reductase folding.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1998

Molybdenum cofactor properties and [Fe-S] cluster coordination in Escherichia coli nitrate reductase A: investigation by site-directed mutagenesis of the conserved his-50 residue in the NarG subunit.

Most of the molybdoenzymes contain, in the amino-terminal region of their catalytic subunits, a conserved Cys group that in some cases binds an [Fe-S] cluster. In dissimilatory nitrate reductases, the first Cys residue of this motif is replaced by a conserved His residue. Site-directed mutagenesis of this residue (His-50) was performed on the NarG subunit from Escherichia coli nitrate reductase A. The results obtained by EPR spectroscopy enable us to exclude the implication of this residue in [Fe-S] binding. Additionally, we showed that the His-50 residue does not coordinate the molybdenum atom, but its substitution by Cys or Ser introduces a perturbation of the hydrogen bonding network around the molybdenum cofactor. From potentiometric studies, it is proposed that the high-pH and the low-pH forms of the Mo(V) are both involved during the redox turnover of the enzyme. Perturbation of the Mo(V) pKV value might be responsible for the low activity reported in the His-50-Cys mutant enzyme. A catalytic model is proposed in which the protonation/deprotonation of the Mo(V) species is an essential step. Thus, one of the two protons involved in the catalytic cycle could be the one coupled to the molybdenum atom in the dissimilatory nitrate reductase of E. coli.

Cell Membrane↗
PubMed1998

The molybdenum cofactor of Escherichia coli nitrate reductase A (NarGHI). Effect of a mobAB mutation and interactions with [Fe-S] clusters.

We have studied the effect of a mobAB mutation and tungstate on molybdo-molybdopterin-guanine dinucleotide (Mo-MGD) insertion into Escherichia coli nitrate reductase (NarGHI). Preparation of fluorescent oxidized derivatives of MGD (Form A and Form B) indicates that in a mobAB mutant there is essentially no detectable cofactor present in either the membrane-bound (NarGHI) or purified soluble (NarGH) forms of the enzyme. Electron paramagnetic resonance characterization of membrane-bound cofactor-deficient NarGHI suggests that it has altered electrochemistry with respect to the dithionite reducibility of the [Fe-S] clusters of NarH. Potentiometric titrations of membrane-bound NarGHI indicate that the NarH [Fe-S] clusters have midpoint potentials at pH 8.0 (Em,8.0 values) of +180 mV ([3Fe-4S] cluster), +130, -55, and -420 mV ([4Fe-4S] clusters) in a wild-type background and +180, +80, -35, and -420 mV in a mobAB mutant background. These data support the following conclusions: (i) a model for Mo-MGD biosynthesis and assembly into NarGHI in which both metal chelation and nucleotide addition to molybdopterin precede cofactor insertion; and (ii) the absence of Mo-MGD significantly affects Em,8.0 of the highest potential [4Fe-4S] cluster.

Binding Sites↗
PubMed1998

A novel sec-independent periplasmic protein translocation pathway in Escherichia coli.

The trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) reductase of Escherichia coli is a soluble periplasmic molybdoenzyme. The precursor of this enzyme possesses a cleavable N-terminal signal sequence which contains a twin-arginine motif. By using various moa, mob and mod mutants defective in different steps of molybdocofactor biosynthesis, we demonstrate that acquisition of the molybdocofactor in the cytoplasm is a prerequisite for the translocation of the TMAO reductase. The activation and translocation of the TMAO reductase precursor are post-translational processes, and activation is dissociable from translocation. The export of the TMAO reductase is driven mainly by the proton motive force, whereas sodium azide exhibits a limited effect on the export. The most intriguing observation is that translocation of the TMAO reductase across the cytoplasmic membrane is independent of the SecY, SecE, SecA and SecB proteins. Depletion of Ffh, a core component of the signal recognition particle of E. coli, appears to have a slight effect on the export of the TMAO reductase. These results strongly suggest that the translocation of the molybdoenzyme TMAO reductase into the periplasm uses a mechanism fundamentally different from general protein translocation.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed1998

Effects of the neuropeptide Y on estradiol and progesterone secretion by human granulosa cells in culture.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the possible effects of neuropeptide Y on steroid release by human granulosa cells in culture. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: A university laboratory and the division of obstetrics and gynecology in a hospital. PATIENT(S): Sixteen normally ovulating women. INTERVENTION(S): Ovulation induction for IVF-ET with an LH-releasing hormone analogue and gonadotropins. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): E2 and progesterone were assayed in the media conditioned by granulosa cells with the use of a double-antibody RIA. RESULT(S): Neuropeptide Y stimulates E2 production in a dose-dependent fashion. Preincubation for 3 hours with hCG led to a statistically significant increase in neuropeptide Y-induced E2 secretion. In contrast, whereas 3 hours of preincubation with 10(-7) mol/L of neuropeptide Y did not elicit a statistically significant increase in hCG-induced E2 secretion, coincubation for 48 hours significantly increased hCG-stimulated secretion. Unlike E2, progesterone secretion did not undergo any statistically significant or dose-dependent variation after treatment with neuropeptide Y. CONCLUSION(S): Neuropeptide Y plays a role in human ovarian steroidogenesis directly at the level of the granulosa cells of the follicles in the early stage of luteinization. In this way, neuropeptide Y could play an important role in controlling the positive feedback effect exerted by the ovarian steroids on LH-releasing hormone and gonadotropins in humans.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

A randomized study on eversion versus standard carotid endarterectomy: study design and preliminary results: the Everest Trial.

PURPOSE: The EVEREST Trial was designed to determine whether the surgical technique influences the durability and complications of carotid endarterectomy (CEA). The current report focuses on the study design and preliminary results. METHODS: EVEREST is a randomized multicenter trial. A total of 1353 patients with carotid stenosis requiring surgical treatment were randomly assigned to received standard (n = 675) or eversion (n = 678) CEA. Primary end points included carotid occlusion, major stroke, death, and restenosis rate. RESULTS: The rate of perioperative major stroke and death (1.3 for each study group) and the incidence of early carotid occlusion (0.6% for eversion vs 0.4% for standard) were similar. No significant differences were found between eversion and standard CEA with respect to incidence of perioperative transient ischemic accident, minor stroke, cranial nerve injuries, neck hematoma, myocardial infarction, or surgical defects as detected with intraoperative quality controls. Clamping time was significantly shorter for eversion CEA compared with patch standard procedures (31.7 +/- 15.9 vs 34.5 +/- 14.4 minutes, p = 0.02). A shunt was inserted in 11% of patients undergoing eversion CEAs and in 16% of patients undergoing standard procedures. Overall 30-day events occurred in 13.3% of the eversion group and in 11.4% of the standard group (p = 0.3). At a mean follow-up of 14.9 months (range, 1 to 38 months), 16 (2.4%) restenoses occurred in the eversion group and 28 (4.1%) occurred in the standard group (odds ratio, 0.56; 95% confidence interval, 0.3 to 1.1; p = 0.08). CONCLUSION: The preliminary results of the EVEREST Trial suggest that eversion CEA is a safe and rapid procedure with low major complication rates. No significant differences in restenosis rates were observed between eversion and standard CEA at the available follow-up. Longer-term results are necessary to assess whether the eversion technique influences the durability of CEA.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Role of surgical techniques and operative findings in cranial and cervical nerve injuries during carotid endarterectomy.

OBJECTIVE: To establish the incidence of cranial and cervical nerve injuries during CEA and their relationship to different surgical techniques and operative findings. DESIGN: A prospective study. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From January 1994 to April 1995, 187 consecutive patients undergoing 190 CEAs were evaluated. Pre- and postoperative cranial and cervical nerve assessments were carried out by a single otolaryngologist, blinded to the operative technique and findings. Deficits lasting more than 12 months were defined as permanent. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the influence of surgical technique, type of anaesthesia, neck haematoma, and plaque extension on the onset of nerve injuries. RESULTS: Postoperatively, nerve lesions were identified in 51 CEAs (27%) and non-neurological injuries (hemilaryngeal ecchymosis or oedema) causing postoperative dysphonia were present in 80 CEAs (42%). All non-neurological injuries were transient and 98% disappeared within 1 month of surgery. Thirteen (7%) nerve lesions were permanent, but none were disabling. Vagus nerve lesions were significantly associated with long (> 2 cm) carotid plaque (OR = 3.5; CI 1.09-12.37; p = 0.03). Cervical branch lesions were associated with the presence of neck haematoma (OR = 1.9; CI 0.7-4.7; p = 0.05). The incidence of single cranial nerve injuries was higher in patch (OR = 2.7) and eversion (OR = 1.9) procedures than in primary closure. Multiple deficits (2 or more) were most frequent in eversion CEAs (OR = 2.8) and in cases complicated by neck haematoma (OR = 3.8). CONCLUSIONS: Cranial and cervical nerve lesions during CEA are common. However, our data showed that the majority of local complications are related to transient hemilaryngeal ecchymosis or oedema and, when permanent, are neither clinically relevant nor disabling at 1 year of follow up. Carotid plaque extension and neck haematoma appear to increase the incidence of cranial and cervical nerve lesions during CEA.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Impact of recombinant human growth hormone treatment on psychological profiles in hypopituitary patients with adult-onset growth hormone deficiency.

BACKGROUND: We examined the effect of growth hormone (GH) administration on the psychological capacity and sense of well-being in 25 patients with adult-onset GH-deficiency (GHD). METHODS: Very low dosages [0.5-1.0 UIday(-1) s.c. at bed-time] of recombinant human (rh)-GH (n = 13; aged 50+/-15 years, mean+/-SD) or placebo (n = 12, 53+/-14 years) were given at random for a 6-month period. Quality of life was assessed by using the Italian version of the self-rating Kellner Symptom Questionnaire (KSQ) and the Hamilton Depression Scale (HDS). RESULTS: No difference in insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) levels was noted between groups on entry to the study. A significant increase in IGF-I [month 0 56.2+/-10.4 microg L(-1) vs. month 6 125.7+/-16.7 microg L(-1); P < 0.001] levels was noted only in the rh-GH-treated group. There was no difference in overall scores on the KSQ between the rh-GH-treated and control groups on entry. A slight, non-significant, decrease in overall scores was noted in both groups of subjects. Subsection analysis of items from the KSQ did not show significant differences in either group during the 6-month period. A significant decrease (month 0 28+/-1 vs. month 6 25+/-1; P = 0.02) in the HDS score was noted in rh-GH-treated but not in placebo-treated patients. There was a significant correlation (rs, -0.56, P = 0.05) between increase in IGF-I levels and decrease in HDS scores in rh-GH treated patients. CONCLUSION: The data demonstrate that low rh-GH dosages significantly improve psychological profiles as rated by HDS evaluation in adult-onset patients with GHD. On the other hand, a 6-month period of treatment does not produce any significant differences in quality of life as measured by KSQ between treated patients and placebo controls.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

NarJ is a specific chaperone required for molybdenum cofactor assembly in nitrate reductase A of Escherichia coli.

The formation of active membrane-bound nitrate reductase A in Escherichia coli requires the presence of three subunits, NarG, NarH and NarI, as well as a fourth protein, NarJ, that is not part of the active nitrate reductase. In narJ strains, both NarG and NarH subunits are associated in an unstable and inactive NarGH complex. A significant activation of this complex was observed in vitro after adding purified NarJ-6His polypeptide to the cell supernatant of a narJ strain. Once the apo-enzyme NarGHI of a narJ mutant has become anchored to the membrane via the NarI subunit, it cannot be reactivated by NarJ in vitro. NarJ protein specifically recognizes the catalytic NarG subunit. Fluorescence, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and molybdenum quantification based on inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy (ICPES) clearly indicate that, in the absence of NarJ, no molybdenum cofactor is present in the NarGH complex. We propose that NarJ is a specific chaperone that binds to NarG and may thus keep it in an appropriate competent-open conformation for the molybdenum cofactor insertion to occur, resulting in a catalytically active enzyme. Upon insertion of the molybdenum cofactor into the apo-nitrate reductase, NarJ is then dissociated from the activated enzyme.

Cell Fractionation↗
PubMed1998

Effects of picotamide on release of endothelin-1, thromboxane and prostacycline after treadmill stress in patients with peripheral artery disease.

To assess the effects of picotamide, an antithromboxane receptor and antithromboxane synthase drug, on vascular function and endothelin-1 release, 20 patients with peripheral arterial disease, without hypertension or diabetes mellitus, receiving placebo and picotamide (900 mg/day) were studied. The modifications of vascular parameters were evaluated by arterial distensibility index and postischemic hyperemia test (postischemic perfusion index and recovery time). Endothelin-1, prostacycline, and thromboxane B2 were determined under resting conditions and after treadmill test. Picotamide treatment caused a decrease of resting thromboxane B2 and endothelin-1 concentrations, produced an improvement of the vascular function as seen by the increase of vascular parameters reported, and attenuated the ischemic treadmill-induced increase of thromboxane B2, but not of endothelin-1. These data confirm that the picotamide improved vascular flow by the reduction of thromboxane-mediated effects, reduced resting endothelin-1 levels, but did not attenuate endothelin-1 concentrations induced by the treadmill stress.

Aged↗