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Biomedical subjects

G Gentili

Publications and source records attributed to G Gentili.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis in cases of genital non-gonococcal infection according to microbiological and serological investigations.

An investigation on the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis was carried out on 231 patients (115 men and 116 women, mean age 31.6 years) with genital non-gonococcal infection in order to study the role of this microorganism in infertility and/or sterility in the Italian population. One hundred and sixty-six apparently healthy subjects (108 men and 50 women, mean age 32.4) were also included as control for serological comparison only. Persons with gonococcal infection were excluded. ELISA method was chosen for the direct C. trachomatis examination of "scraping" samples. Serological investigations were carried out by means of the indirect immunofluorescence test for IgM and IgG determination as well as the immunoperoxidase assay for IgA antibodies. A direct C. trachomatis positive test was demonstrated in 27.8% of men vs. 11.2% in women (p less than 0.01) in the patient group. Anti-C. trachomatis IgG specific antibodies were present respectively at any serum dilution in 50.2% of patients vs. 47.6% of normal subjects respectively (p greater than 0.5). The low presence of C. trachomatis (19.5%) at the direct test contrasts with the higher percentage of anti-C. trachomatis positive patients (50.2%) in the same group suggesting that serological tests may be more useful than the direct test in demonstrating an active C. trachomatis infection provided that IgM, IgG and IgA specific antibodies be contemporaneously investigated.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevalence of hyperimmunization against tetanus in Italians born after the introduction of mandatory vaccination of children with tetanus toxoid in 1968.

Systematic mandatory immunization of children against tetanus was started in Italy in 1968. Prevalence of tetanus hyperimmunization (> 5 IU/ml) was assessed among 214 immune subjects born after 1968 and found to be 17.3%. This figure is significantly higher (p < 0.01) than the 10.8% found in a previous study of subjects born before 1968. This increase is statistically significant in the Center (p < 0.01) and in the South (p < 0.05) of Italy, but not in the North. Hyperimmunization is not associated with family size (odds ratio 2.16; C. I. 95% = 0.5-7.6) or the father's years of education (odds ratio 1.83; C. I. 95% = 0.6-5.3). No difference was found between urban and rural areas of residence. Indiscriminate administration of booster doses of tetanus vaccine in hyperimmune subjects in some areas could result in unnecessary vaccinations, which can cause hypersensitivity reactions.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Detection of anti-HIV antibodies in preparations of human immunoglobulins. A collaborative group study.

This paper reports the results of a study organized by the Istituto Superiore di Sanità (Rome, Italy) and carried out in collaboration with several national laboratories. Its aim was to ascertain whether diagnostic kits for detecting anti-HIV antibodies in human serum can also be used to detect the same antibodies in human immunoglobulins. Thirty-three lots of immunoglobulins supplied by six pharmaceutical companies present in Italy were examined using different procedures. On the basis of the results of this study it can be concluded that i. anti-HIV antibodies can be detected in immunoglobulins by means of commercial reagents; ii. a preliminary dilution of immunoglobulin samples should not be made; iii. Western blot method appears to be the 'reference' test; however, competitive EIA tests are equally valuable if a negative control made up of anti-HIV-negative Igs is employed; iv. Igs examination for anti-HIV antibody represents an indirect control on a correct donors' screening procedure.

Blotting, Western↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Spontaneous rupture of the excretory tract following renal colic in kidney malformation].

This paper reports a group's experience in treating a case of excretory tract rupture caused by a renal colic. After careful analysis and description of this case as well as related literature analysis, they have hypothesised the dynamic physiopathological events involved in this case. In addition, they have offered clinical considerations in preventing and detecting the development of such a lesion.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Not Available].

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Diagnosis↗
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[Not Available].

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Death↗
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Behaviour of several 'progression markers' during the HIV-Ab seroconversion period. Comparison with later stages.

Two acute phase reactants, four cytokines, five soluble factors and lymphocyte subpopulations have been simultaneously evaluated in 16 subjects before and closely after the HIV-Ab seroconversion time. The same variables have also been determined in 50 HIV-Ab-negative high risk subjects, in 36 CDC II-III and in 30 CDC IV patients, utilizing a mixed longitudinal epidemiological model. The results show significant variations of few parameters in the early phases (increase: sCD8, beta-2-Microglobulin, sIL-2R, sCD23, Neopterin, IFN-alpha; decrease: CD4+ lymphocytes). In the course of the disease, many others parameters progressively increase (IFN-tau, IL-4, IL-6, acid-alpha 1-glycoprotein, alpha 1-antitrypsin) or decrease (B- and T-lymphocytes). Ferritin, in particular, highly increases only in CDC IV stage. These data may be useful to monitor patients during the entire course of their disease and to suggest the time elapsed from seroconversion.

Acute-Phase Proteins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Serum IL-10 levels in HIV-positive subjects: correlation with CDC stages.

HIV-1 infection and the HIV gp120 have been shown to induce an IL-10 increase in cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Furthermore, the expression of this cytokine has been reported to increase in lymphnodes of infected patients along the disease course, and a shift from the TH-1 towards the TH-0/TH-2 phenotypes (with subsequent IL-10 release) has been hypothesized to underly AIDS progression. In this study the serum IL-10 levels found in 30 HIV-negative controls and in 65 HIV-positive patients, untreated with AZT and negative for HBsAg and HCV-Ab have been compared, using a commercial, competitive ELISA method based on a polyclonal anti-IL-10 serum. With this test, HIV-positive sea showed IL-10 levels significantly higher than those found in the controls. In addition the IL-10 levels progressively increased in the subsequent CDC stages, without further changes from the stage III to the stage IV. Accordingly, patients evaluated two times in CDC stage II, with a time interval of at least one year, showed significant IL-10 increases, even more pronounced when the same patients passed from CDC stage II to stage III. Furthermore, a significant, negative correlation was observed between the circulating IL-10 levels and the patients' CD4/CD8 ratios. These data may be important from a clinical point of view since IL-10 monitoring could be considered as a surrogate marker for evaluating the disease progression. In addition, several immunological abnormalities present in HIV positive patients, such as the monocyte/macrophage impairment and the hypergammaglobulinemia could be related to the enhanced IL-10 expression.

Adult↗