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Biomedical subjects

G Geirsson

Publications and source records attributed to G Geirsson.

31 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Transurethral microwave thermotherapy versus transurethral resection for benign prostatic hyperplasia: preliminary results of a randomized study.

The results of transurethral microwave thermotherapy (TUMT) were compared in a prospective randomized study with those of transurethral resection (TURP) in patients with benign prostatic obstruction. In this preliminary report, 39 and 40 patients treated with TUMT and TURP, respectively, were followed between 2 and 12 months. Statistically significant improvements in symptom score, maximum flow rate, residual urine and maximum bladder capacity at cystometry were observed in both groups. The improvements were more pronounced in the TURP group, but major complications were more frequent in this group. Results are compared to other published studies.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Traditional acupuncture and electrical stimulation of the posterior tibial nerve. A trial in chronic interstitial cystitis.

A prospective study on the symptomatic effect of traditional Chinese acupuncture treatment and transcutaneous nerve stimulation (TENS) of the tibial nerve in patients with interstitial cystitis is presented. There was no difference in voiding frequency, mean voided volume, maximal voided volume or visual analogue scale symptom scores before or after treatment with either TENS or acupuncture. Only one patient became improved both subjectively and objectively after acupuncture for a short period of time. Even though the present material involves a small group of patients, it seems that the two methods, as applied in this study, have a very limited effect in patients with interstitial cystitis.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMed1991

Screening as a prognostic factor in cervical cancer: analysis of survival and prognostic factors based on Icelandic population data, 1964-1988.

Survival rates were computed for 376 women diagnosed with carcinoma of the uterine cervix between 1964 and 1988. The 5-year survival rate for the entire group was 63%. The effect of age at diagnosis, clinical stage, histopathology, year of diagnosis, and screening program attendance was studied by univariate analysis and simultaneously with a multivariate analysis, the Cox proportional hazards model. All these parameters had a significant effect on survival, with clinical stage as the strongest parameter followed by histology, year of diagnosis, age at diagnosis, and attendance at screening. Women who had attended the cervical screening program fared significantly better than those who had never attended. Patients treated in the late years of the study period had a significantly better survival rate, possibly indicating improved treatment. Young women had a significantly better prognosis than older women. Women with adenocarcinoma and anaplastic tumors had a significantly worse prognosis than women with squamous and adenosquamous carcinoma. The prognostic effect of screening was mainly attributed to the more favorable distribution of early stages and younger age at diagnosis among the screened women. After all the analyzed parameters had been adjusted for the nonattenders still had poorer prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Painful autoimmune thyroiditis occurring on amiodarone therapy.

A 51-year-old housewife, who had been on treatment with amiodarone for ten months, developed a painful enlargement of the thyroid gland. Thyroid antibody titers were highly elevated and a fine needle aspirate of the gland showed infiltration of lymphocytes and plasma cells. Initially the patient was hyperthyroid, later she developed hyperthyroidism which required thyroid substitution. The possibility of amiodarone provoking autoimmune thyroiditis is discussed.

Amiodarone↗
PubMed1986

Organization of screening in technically advanced countries: Iceland.

Mass screening for cervical carcinoma in Iceland over the past 20 years (1964-1983) has resulted in a 60% drop in the incidence of and mortality from the disease in the country. A study of the screening histories of the 77 incident cases of grossly invasive cervical cancer diagnosed in Iceland in the past nine years showed that 70% of the tumours occurred in women who had failed to attend screening or had done so very irregularly. Approximately 20% of the cervical cancers were either diagnostic or therapeutic failures, in that the women had been diagnosed with cytological changes but this did not result in the prevention of the tumour. The remaining 10% of the incident cervical carcinomas seemed to have escaped cytological detection and proved to be unusual types of cancer. Prevention of the last cases of cervical cancer is becoming increasingly laborious because of difficulties in maintaining interest among the public to attend regular screening. Women may escape surveillance of a cytological abnormality unless they are constantly reminded about follow-up visits. A small, but significant number of the tumours may continue to escape detection because of their unusual nature, but alterations in sampling techniques and increased awareness of the rarer forms of the disease could alter this.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Familial breast cancer in Iceland.

Women who have relatives known to have had breast cancer are at an increased risk of getting the disease compared with the general population. On the basis of an extensive collection of family trees of women with breast cancer, the magnitude of this increase in risk is computed. Previously published results on other breast cancer risk factors are drawn upon and it has been possible to take account of some of these e.g., age, decade of birth, age at first childbirth and parity in the risk estimates. The relative risk with such adjustment is found to be 2.59 for mothers and 2.56 for sisters.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Screening for cancer of the uterine cervix in Iceland 1965--1978.

The trends in the mortality and morbidity from cervical cancer in Iceland for the period 1965--1978 are examined in relation to the screening programme that began in 1964. By 1970 over 80% of the female population under the age of 65 had been screened at least once, and by 1977 over 65% of women under the age of 75 had been screened at least twice. Mortality fell by 60% between 1959--1970 and 1975--1978, with a corresponding fall in the incidence of advanced tumors. The mortality rates among the unscreened population are more than ten-fold greater than among the screened. The greater part of the fall in mortality is attributed to the mass screening programme.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Tumours in Iceland. 5. Malignant tumours of the cervix uteri. Histological types, clinical stages and the effect of mass screening.

The histological material from patients with invasive cervical carcinoma diagnosed in Iceland during the period 1955-1974 was reviewed and retyped in accordance with the WHO classification of tumours. Out of 314 malignant epithelial tumours 86.0 per cent were squamous carcinomas (subtypes: 6% microcarcinomas, 30% keratinizing, 45% non keratinizing and 5% small cell carcinomas), 9.0 per cent adenosquamous carcinoma, 3.5% adenocarcinoma and 1.5 per cent undifferentiated carcinoma. A mass screening for uterine cancer in the population, ages 25-59, led to an increased incidence of cervical carcinoma, due to the finding of early tumours (clinical stages IA and IB). The increase was most marked in the first five years of screening (1965-69). The screening did not increase the incidence of the more advanced stages and a longer observation will be needed to determine whether a decline will occur in such tumours. All the major histological types of cervical carcinoma appear to progress at the same rate through the clinical stages, from the early to the far advanced.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

The effect of mass screening in Iceland, 1965-74, on the incidence and mortality of cervical carcinoma.

A clinic for early detection of cancer of the uterine cervix has been in operation in Iceland since 1964, aimed until recently at the age-group 25-59. More than 85% of women in this age group have been screened at least once. Mortality from cancer of the cervix had been rising in Iceland, and continued to rise during the first few years of operation of the screening clinic. Since 1970, however, a more than two-fold reduction in mortality has been observed among women aged 25-59. There has been a similar decrease in incidence of tumours of stages II, III and IV. Both deaths and advanced tumours are largely confined to women who have never been screened. Alternative explanations are considered, but the only tenable explanation of the reduction in mortality is that it is a consequence of the introduction of a comprehensive screening programme.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Epithelial repair and regeneration in the uterine cervix. I. An analysis of the cells.

Cell studies from 1,376 patients with abnormal cells derived from so-called tissue repair or regeneration comprised the basis for this study. Planimetric measurements were performed on camera lucida tractings of 1,573 atypical reparative cells (ARC). A total of 3,377 ARC were anlyzed with respect to cytoplasmic and nuclear features. On the basis of these analyses, ARC were subclassified into three types. In most instances, the morphologic type corresponded with the cervical epithelium of origin. The differential morphologic features of ARC were compared with the morphologic features of endocervidal adenocarcinoma and large cell nonkeratininzing squamous cell carcinoma. The biologic potential and clinical significance of ARC is to be the subject of a subsequent report.

Adenocarcinoma↗