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Biomedical subjects

G Gandini

Publications and source records attributed to G Gandini.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

[Facial telethermography in the diagnosis of carotid insufficiency in the extracranial sector].

The usefulness of facial telethermography in the diagnosis of circulatory insufficiency owing to occlusion of the extracranial vessels is discussed. The method has proved of great assistance in the screening of patients with vascular diseases, and in the choice of a subsequent contrastographic examination. It gave a significant number of positive findings in cases of insufficiency of the internal carotid artery. The number of false positives and false negatives was virtually negligible.

Arterial Occlusive Diseases↗
PubMed1979

[Value of thermography in the postoperative control in direct arterial surgery].

21 patients suffering from arteriopathy of the lower extremities and treated with a variety of surgical techniques and arterial recanalization have been studied by means of pre- and post-operative angiography and thermography. After analysing the results, the value of thermography, particularly as regards assessment of the surgical results and subsequent long-term controls, is confirmed.

Arterial Occlusive Diseases↗
PubMed1979

[Telethermographic evaluation of the use of acupuncture in fibrocystic dysplasia in the painful phase].

With this preliminary note the writers propose an objective documentation of acupuncture's effects in fibrocystic mastopathia during the painful phase, using thermography. Five patients have been treated with the following points: 6R, 5MP, 6MP, 4F all in the same session. In four cases clinic remission of symptoms and syntomatic change of the thermography picture have been obtained. In the treated cases menstruations have always been remarked in advance.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMed1977

[Endoscopic-bronchographic comparison in chronic bronchitis].

A selective bronchographic and endoscopic comparison is made of some of the most significant pictures of chronic bronchitis, particularly as regards Ist and IInd order bronchi. Morphology is discussed and a number of problems in differential diagnosis are reviewed.

Bronchitis↗
PubMed1977

[Bronchofibroscopic and bronchographic aspects of the senile bronchus].

A comparison is made between the bronchofibroscopic and bronchographic pictures observed in aged volunteers with healthy lungs and bronchi. The main finding was of simple atrophy of varying type and degree (more or less marked, diffuse or local), mainly affecting the large bronchi. Age and the extent and magnitude of the alterations were not related: marked atrophy was noted in presenile and slight atrophy in greatly aged subjects. Both types of atrophy may be treated as physiological, since they are presumably connected with differences in the incidence of various factors (diasthetic, constitutional, dysmetabolic, hormonal) and variously numerous microtrauma. The same picture was given by both types of examination, despite the wide differences between their methods.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Percutaneous removal of biliary stones.

Since 1983 we have performed percutaneous treatment of biliary lithiasis in 97 patients. Previous retrograde endoscopic procedures were incomplete or infeasible in all patients. Immediate results were excellent resulting in complete resolution of lithiasis in 89 of 97 patients (92%). In 4 patients (4%) partial success was obtained (symptoms subsided although there were nonobstructing residual stones). Percutaneous treatment failed in 1 patient (1%). Three patients died. Complications occurred in 14 of 97 patients (14%) and mortality at 30 days was 3%. Long-term results were evaluated in 71 patients who had a least a 6-month follow-up (mean 31 months and range 6-78 months). Eight of 71 patients (11%) had recurrence of stones and 7 of these were successfully retreated transhepatically. Percutaneous removal of biliary stones is efficacious because it has a high cure rate, a low complication rate, and a mortality rate that compares favorably to that of surgery even though the patients are usually older and in poorer general condition.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Percutaneous implantation of a catheter with subcutaneous reservoir for intraarterial regional chemotherapy: technique and preliminary results.

PURPOSE: We present the technique and the preliminary results of percutaneous implantation of intraarterial catheters connected to a subcutaneous infusion reservoir for prolonged regional chemotherapy of hepatic and extrahepatic tumors. METHODS: Two hundred patients with primary or secondary hepatic neoplasms, pelvic, pancreatic, renal, lingual, and breast cancer underwent the procedure. The access was the left axillary artery (188 patients) and the femoral artery (12 patients). The catheter tip was placed in the hepatic (170 patients), hypogastric (18), splenic (4), internal thoracic (2), gastroduodenal (3), renal (2) or the external carotid artery (1). The catheter was connected to a subcutaneous reservoir and filled with heparin; chemotherapeutic infusion was subsequently started. RESULTS: One hundred percent immediate technical success was obtained. Forty-three of 200 (21.5%) patients had a complication: 29 patients had a catheter dislodgment, nine had arterial thrombosis, three had a pseudoaneurysm of the left axillary artery and two had a port pocket hematoma. Most complications (37/43, 86%) were treated percutaneously without interruption of chemotherapy. In only six cases (3% of the total population) was chemotherapy discontinued due to the complication itself. The mean duration of catheter patency was 7.2 months. CONCLUSION: Percutaneous placement of an intraarterial catheter is feasible and causes less discomfort to the patient than the surgical approach. The technique has an acceptable complication rate (21.5%), similar to that for surgical implantation (17.8%), with the advantage that in most cases the complications can be resolved percutaneously. This technique represents an alternative to surgical implantation in the treatment of liver metastases from colorectal cancer and opens new therapeutic possibilities for the local prolonged treatment of other kinds of tumor, though its clinical efficacy must be assessed in selected trials.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

MR imaging of adrenal myelolipomas.

The magnetic resonance (MR) images in six patients with seven adrenal myelolipomas are presented. Four lesions involved the right gland, and three the left; they ranged from 3 to 12.5 cm in diameter. Magnetic resonance was able to image all lesions. Using T1-weighted sequences, three structural patterns were observed; (a) homogeneous masses with intensity equal to adjacent fat (three cases); (b) heterogeneous masses with fat intensity areas and areas similar to renal cortex (two cases); and (c) nodules quite different from fat, hypointense to the liver (two cases). On T2-weighted images, myelolipomas were slightly hypointense to fat and either hypo- or isointense to the liver. A comparison with the results of CT studies was possible in all cases, and good correlation with determination of the presence and quantity of fat density tissues within the lesions was observed. However, MR imaging did not seem to help in diagnosing adrenal myelolipoma in patients with equivocal CT findings, and needle biopsy is still needed in difficult cases.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pulsed wave-Doppler ultrasonographic evaluation of the common carotid artery in the resting horse: physiologic data.

A pulsed wave-Doppler ultrasonographic evaluation of common carotid arterial blood flow was carried out on 63 healthy Italian Saddlebred horses. Vessel diameter and tracing morphology were evaluated and blood flow parameters (systolic, diastolic and mean velocity, acceleration and deceleration of the systolic wave, carotid pulse volume) were calculated and correlated with class variables (sex, age and body weight). On the basis of the presence of an incisure in the ascending branch of the systolic curve, subjects were divided in two groups: one with a bifid systolic curve and the other with a monophasic aspect. Correlations between: 1) diameter of the vessel and body weight and 2) carotid pulse volume and flow velocity (systolic, diastolic and mean) were found. A greater systolic pulse volume was found in male subjects, in subjects with greater body weight and in those which had a monophasic systolic wave.

Acceleration↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Necrosis of hippocampus and piriform lobe in 38 domestic cats with seizures: a retrospective study on clinical and pathologic findings.

The clinical records of 38 cats (1985-1995) with a neuropathologically confirmed diagnosis of necrosis of the hippocampus and occasionally the lobus piriformis were evaluated retrospectively. There was no sex or breed predisposition. Most cats were between 1 and 6 years of age (mean age 35 months) and had either generalized or complex-partial seizures of acute onset and rapid progression. The seizures had a tendency to become recurrent and to present as clusters or even status epilepticus later in the course of the disease. Fourteen cats died spontaneously, and 24 were euthanized. Histopathologic examination revealed bilateral lesions restricted to the hippocampus and occasionally the lobus piriformis. The lesions seemed to reflect different stages of the disease and consisted of acute neuronal degeneration to complete malacia, affecting mainly the layer of the large pyramidal cells but sometimes also the neurons of the dentate gyrus and the piriform lobe. The clinical, neuropathologic, and epidemiologic findings suggest that the seizures in these cats were triggered by primary structural brain damage, perhaps resulting from excitotoxicity. The cause remains unknown, but epidemiologic analysis suggests an environmental factor, probably a toxin.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical relevance of serum cryoglobulins in hemophilic patients with hepatitis C virus infection.

Twenty-four hemophilic patients positive for hepatitis C virus were evaluated for the presence of serum cryoglobulins and associated symptoms. Eight (33.3%) of them had serum cryoglobulins (type II mixed cryoglobulinemia in all cases). The average time lapse between infection and appearance of serum cryoglobulins was 14.4 years (range 7-22 years). Two (25%) out of the 8 patients presented symptoms: one had systemic vasculitis, the other mild purpura. Hemophiliacs are a particularly suitable model for studying cryoglobulinemia in patients with hepatitis C virus infection since the onset of the infection is known and there is a long-term follow-up period.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Check of compliance with quality criteria for diagnostic radiographic images in quality control].

PURPOSE: To devise and implement a programme of measurements to assess the entrance surface dose for a standard-sized patient and to check the compliance with diagnostic reference levels. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Dose evaluation was performed on 40 radiographic instruments. The exposure parameters were collected for the main radiographic procedures (chest, skull, spine, pelvis, abdomen) each performed with instrument on a standard-sized patient. The output of each X-ray tube at 70, 80, 90, 100, 110 and 120 kV was measured with a solid state detector during quality controls. Beam quality and geometric characteristics of the equipment were also determined. The entrance surface dose for a standard patient was assessed for each procedure carried out with the 40 instruments, thus obtaining a total of 155 radiographic techniques. Finally, the method was validated by comparing the values obtained with the solid state and an ionization chamber for X-ray beam detector. RESULTS: The comparison between the solid state detector and the ionisation chamber demonstrated a good agreement. Results show that reference diagnostic levels are respected in most examinations (147/155) even if exposure values do not always comply with those indicated by European guidelines. The measurement programme seems to be applicable in hospital practice where the large number of radiographics instruments and procedures requires the acquisition and processing of a large number of data. CONCLUSIONS: The evaluation of patient dose during quality control is feasible and allows a first check of compliance with reference levels in order to identify which procedures can be optimised by means of more specific measurements and assessments.

Guideline Adherence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Evaluation of patient doses in interventional radiology].

PURPOSE: To verify the suitability of indicative quantities to evaluate the risk related to patient exposure, in abdominal and vascular interventional radiology, by the study of correlations between dosimetric quantities and other indicators. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We performed in vivo measurements of entrance skin dose (ESD) and dose area product (DAP) during 48 procedures to evaluate the correlation among dosimetric quantities, and an estimation of spatial distribution of exposure and effective dose (E). To measure DAP we used a transmission ionization chamber and to evaluate ESD and its spatial distribution we used radiographic film packed in a single envelope and placed near the patient's skin. E was estimated by a calculation software using data from film digitalisation. RESULTS: From the data derived for measurements in 27 interventional procedures on 48 patients we obtained a DAP to E conversion factor of 0.15 mSv / Gy cm2, with an excellent correlation (r=.99). We also found a good correlation between DAP and exposure parameters such as fluoroscopy time and number of images. The greatest effective dose was evaluated for a multiple procedure in the hepatic region, with a DAP value of 425 Gy cm2. The greatest ESD was about 550 mGy. For groups of patients undergoing similar interventional procedures the correlation between ESD and DAP had conversion factors from 6 to 12 mGy Gy-1 cm-2. CONCLUSION: The evaluation of ESD and E by slow films represents a valid method for patient dosimetry in interventional radiology. The good correlation between DAP and fluoroscopy time and number of images confirm the suitability of these indicators as basic dosimetric information. All the ESD values found are lower than threshold doses for deterministic effects.

Fluoroscopy↗