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Biomedical subjects

G Galli

Publications and source records attributed to G Galli.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Intraventricular and intravenous use of amphotericin B in a case of non-surgical cerebral aspergillosis.

After a short review of the literature regarding aspergillosis, the authors report a case of a 7-year-old child suffering from cerebral aspergillosis with disseminated lesions. The authors emphasize the use of amphotericin B both intraventricularly and intravenously to obtain a longer survival when surgery is impossible because of the presence of multiple abscessual lesions in central nervous system. Authors' experience shows that the intraventricular administration of amphotericin B is well tolerated and does not cause collateral effects of the parenteral way.

Amphotericin B↗
PubMedDate not supplied

True aneurysm of the middle meningeal artery. Case report.

We report the case of a true aneurysm of the middle meningeal artery (MMA) associated with no other pathological findings. After a review of the literature, we emphasize that this case is not associated either with skull traumas, with vascular hypertension or with Paget's disease of the skull. Histological examination and neuroradiological findings confirm the suspicion that this is a case of true aneurysm of the middle meningeal artery.

Cerebral Angiography↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The Ilizarov method for the treatment of infected pseudarthrosis of the tibia: our experience in cases with severe lesion of the soft tissues.

Between 1985 and 1990 a total of 35 cases of infected pseudarthrosis of the tibia were treated by radical resection of the pseudarthrosis and corticotomy-distraction-compression. In 5 patients there was severe lesion of the soft tissues with extensive loss of substance. It is the purpose of the present study to evaluate the effects of the use of this method on lesions of the soft tissues in these 5 patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The diagnosis of lung inflammation in AIDS patients. The use of 99mTc-labelled human polyclonal immunoglobulins and a comparison with 67Ga citrate and high-resolution computed tomography].

Technetium-99m (99mTc) labelled polyclonal human immunoglobulin (HIG) is a new agent for the localization of active inflammatory diseases. The results obtained with HIG in 29 AIDS patients referred for suspected lung infections are reported (Table I). The patients also underwent Gallium-67 citrate scanning (GS), chest radiography (Rx), high-resolution thin-layer computed tomography (HRCT) and broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL). The study population was classified as follows: 12 patients (Table II) were studied before treatment for suspected Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), 7 patients (Table III) had known PCP and were studied during medical therapy, and 10 patients (Table IV) had lung infections other than PCP. In all PCP patients studied before treatment, positive agreement was observed between HIG, Rx and HRCT findings. In 4 patients with final clinical diagnosis of no lung conditions, both nuclear and radiologic imaging were negative. 99mTc-HIG results in the PCP patients studied during therapy were consistent with clinical and radiologic improvement; there was disagreement with 67Ga findings in one case (no. 9). In lung infections other than PCP, HIG studies were often negative (always negative in mycobacteriosis), while they were positive in 3 pyogenic abscesses. In conclusion, as for PCP and abscesses, the results obtained with 99mTc-HIG are usually in agreement with GS findings, while HIG scans seem to be negative in mycobacterial infections. Moreover, HIG scintigraphy seems to be suitable for the evaluation of treatment results in PCP (this subject deserves further research). To assess respiratory impairment a semiquantitative index (ISQ) of 99mTc-HIG lung uptake is suggested, which showed a significant linear correlation with arterial pO2.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Time course and concentration dependence of the incorporation of deuterated/tritiated arachidonic acid and derived fatty acids in THP-1 cell lipids.

We have supplemented THP-1 cells, a human monocytic leukemia cell line, with arachidonic acid (AA), containing [3H8] AA, 1-25 microM, for up to 24 hours, and explored the time and concentration dependent patterns of incorporation in cell lipid classes and subclasses. Twenty-five microM AA consisted of deuterated AA ([2H8] AA), containing also [3H8] AA. Phospholipids (PL) were separated by HPLC with UV and radiodetection, and the fatty acids (FA) methyl esters were analyzed by GC. [2H8] AA pentafluorobenzyl-esters from individual lipid classes were obtained and analyzed by GC-MS. Incorporation of AA in cell lipids increased linearly with increasing concentrations, whereas 22:4 and 22:5 accumulated only at 25 microM AA. Up to 10 microM AA, more than 95% of the FA was incorporated in PL, whereas at 25 microM AA a significant proportion of the exogenous FA was incorporated in triglycerides (TG) and in diacyl phosphatidylcholine (PC). The time-course of AA incorporation showed that the peak was at 3 hours, with minimal incorporation in TG, in the presence of 5 microM, whereas the peak occurred at 6 hours, with about 50 percent incorporation in TG, with 25 microM. The data indicate that the range of AA concentrations and the time course of the incorporation of this FA in cell structural lipids are critical.

Arachidonic Acid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Meniscus repair: cases and review of the literature.

The authors present 39 patients submitted to meniscus repair, and then analyze the various techniques used for suturing, emphasizing advantages, disadvantages, and complications. The results obtained with arthrotomic repair are not significantly different from those obtained with arthroscopic repair, except for the fact that the former method is less invasive. The stability of the knee is of essential importance to healing of a meniscal lesion. A long-term evaluation of the results obtained with meniscus repair is needed, as repetitive tearing has been described even after as many as three years.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The role of nuclear medicine in pulmonary embolism.

Nuclear medicine procedures and mainly perfusion lung scanning (often associated with ventilation lung scanning), after thirty years still play a major role in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. International study groups with accurate statistical methods have shown their efficacy in the diagnosis and follow-up, in reducing the clinical uncertainty, in directing the therapy and in lowering health care costs. The major limitation of nuclear medicine procedures lies in the high percentage of patients for whom intermediate or indeterminate probability is reported. However this percentage is steadily decreasing based on: patient clinical preselection; improved procedures and especially an extensive use of D-SPET with a three-head gamma camera; the combination with other advanced diagnostic imaging procedures (HRCT, fast-CT, MRI); suitable diagnostic algorithms for nuclear medicine procedures which should consider laboratory data (D-dimer, TAT) and the study of deep vein thrombosis; the use of artificial intelligence; the introduction of radiopharmaceuticals which enable direct scanning of the intravasal embolus (as P180 polypeptide) in combination with perfusion scanning which shows the hemodynamic alterations.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

In vitro bioeffects of the antiestrogen LY117018 on desmoid tumor and colon cancer cells.

BACKGROUND: Clinical and experimental evidence suggest that estrogen has a role in the natural history of desmoid tumor (DT) and colorectal carcinoma. METHODS: The biological effects of LY117018, a nonsteroidal antiestrogen benzothiophene derivative, were assessed on a human adenocarcinoma cell line (HCT8 cells), and on DT cells and colorectal cancer derived fibroblasts in primary culture. RESULTS: LY117018 inhibited cell proliferation and collagen type I synthesis in DT cells. The compound also reduced cell growth in HCT8 cells and colorectal cancer fibroblasts. Binding experiments revealed the presence of estrogen binding sites in DT cells and frozen tissues but LY117018 did not displace [3H]17 beta E2 binding to DT cells. CONCLUSIONS: Present results demonstrate that LY117018 inhibits epithelial and fibroblastic colon cancer cells proliferation and proliferation and differentiation of desmoid cells in vitro. The lack of displacement of [3H]17 beta E2 binding to desmoid cells by LY117018 suggests the existence of distinct LY117018 binding sites.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Radionuclide venography and the surgical treatment of chronic venous disease of the lower extremity.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to describe the use of radionuclide venography in detecting the site and the functional value of blood reflux through incompetent perforating veins of the leg of patients with chronic venous disease. METHODS: In this study we evaluated the management of 29 patients (34 lower limbs) who were admitted with chronic venous disease of the lower limbs (in 7 with ulcers refractory to conservative management), surgically treated between 1991 and 1994 on the basis of physical examination and scintigraphic detection of pathological venous refluxes. RESULTS: In 26/29 patients (31/34 legs = 91%) there was a good result with no recurrence and complete alleviation of symptoms. All the ulcers healed but in two cases recurred after 2 and 6 months respectively. Amelioration of leg tropism was achieved in all patients with a good "cosmetic" result in 27/34 legs (79%). A complete deconnection of the incompetent perforating veins was confirmed with radionuclide venography in 31/34 legs (91%). CONCLUSIONS: The authors conclude that radionuclide venography is useful in the pre-operative evaluation of patients with chronic venous disease of lower extremity.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The external fixator for the treatment of wrist fractures.

The authors present 15 unstable fractures of the wrist treated by external fixation. The fractures were classified based on the AO system, while results were evaluated clinically (Gartland and Werley method modified by Sarmientio) and radiographically. In two cases stabilization with metal wiring was used in addition to external fixation. Results were excellent in 4 cases, good in 9, unsatisfactory in 2 (1 fair, 1 poor). Intraoperative complications included a compound fracture of the second metacarpus, and late complications included a case of algodystrophy.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Is there still a role for functional radionuclide study of the liver?

Clinical applications of radionuclide methods for the study of liver hemodynamics and hepatocyte function are examined. In particular, as for hemodynamic studies, perfusion assessment with radiocolloids, 99mTc-IDA scintigraphy or 99mTc-labeled red blood cells, is underlined; they allow characterization of the different cellular component of space-occupying liver processes. The use of hepatic perfusion index (HPI) is reconsidered both as prognostic parameter in cirrhotic patients and as predictor of liver metastasis from colorectal cancer. The diagnostic role of recent procedures, as those based on endorectal radiopharmaceuticals in the evaluation of portosystemic shunts in cirrhosis, is analyzed. Studies of hepatocyte function of practical concern are essentially devoted to the "excretory function" and "asialoglycoprotein metabolism". In the first case, a major role is played by IDA halogenated derivatives and functional parameters drawn from them by mathematico-statistical evaluations of radiohepatogram (simple or applied to compartmental models). For metabolic studies, at present an artificial glycoprotein, 99mTc-galactosylneoglycoalbumin (99mTc-NGA) that binds with hepatocellular receptors is used. Information on the rate of blood plasma clearance and liver uptake, receptor density (altered in some pathologic conditions) and plasmic hepatic flow, is supplied.

Adult↗