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Biomedical subjects

G Galli

Publications and source records attributed to G Galli.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

The hepatic excretion of 131I-rose bengal and 99mTc-IDA derivatives in Rotor's syndrome.

Bilirubin kinetics and hepatobiliary excretion of some exogenous anions (BSP, 131I-rose bengal, diethyl and parabutly-IDA labeled with 99mTc) were studied in three patients presenting with Rotor's syndrome. Two were brothers; a nonjaundiced fraternal twin of one of them was also evaluated. The hepatic clearance of the radiopharmaceuticals was impaired in the affected patients but the degree of impairment was different among the tested anions, i.e., maximal for 99mTc-diethyl-IDA and minimal for 131I-rose bengal. Parabutyl-IDA was cleared better than the diethyl derivative. The metabolic derangement seems to be at the level of transfer from plasma to liver and of the hepatic storage, rather than at the level of hepatocyte excretory pathways, as in the case of Dubin-Johnson syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

The diagnostic application of radiocolloid liver scintigraphy in breast carcinoma.

The authors have reviewed their experiences in determining the presence of liver metastases in 103 patients by radiocolloid scanning. The sensitivity of liver scanning proved to be quite low if the presence of focal defects in the distribution of the tracer was chosen as the diagnostic criterion. The inclusion of less restrictive criteria such as liver enlargement or irregular distribution of the tracer, resulted in a higher sensitivity without lowering the predictive value of a negative scan. Using the latter diagnostic criterion, sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were in the range of 90%. Abnormal liver scans are common in patients classified at T3-T4 or N+ and their chances of being "true positive" are high. Conversely, abnormal scans are seldom found in patients classified at T1-T2 or N0 and probabilities of "false positive" results are high.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1982

[Diagnostic reliability of scintigraphy in hepatic metastases of breast cancer].

The authors have reviewed their experiences in determining the presence of liver metastases in 103 patients by radiocolloid scanning. The sensitivity of liver scanning proved to be quite low if the presence of focal defects of tracer's distribution was chosen as the diagnostic criterion. The inclusion of less restrictive criteria, such as liver enlargement or irregular distribution of the tracer, resulted in an higher sensitivity without lowering the predictive value of a negative scan. Using the more extensive diagnostic criterion, sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were in the range of 90%. Abnormal liver scans are common in patients classified as T3-T4 or N+ and their chances of to be "true positives" are high. Conversely, abnormal scans are seldom found in patients classified as T1-T2 or N0 and chances of "false positives" are high.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1981

Study on the ATPasic lymphocytic activity during menstrual cycle.

We previously studied ATPasic activity in the lymphocyte according to sex, age and in pregnant women. Now we considered it is interesting to go on with out study with the dosage of ATPasic lymphocytic activity during menstrual cycle, monitored with basal temperature method. The methodology we followed is Ellegaard and Dimitrov one of 1972, with modifications and simplifications while the proteins dosage in the supernatant has been effected with biuret method. Our data showed a decrease of the ATPasic lymphocytic activity at the middle of cycle for ovulatory cycles, while there is no difference between data at the middle of the cycle and in menstruation for cycle without ovulation. We suppose a connection between ATPasic lymphocytic activity and the hormones which stimulate ovulation.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1981

Study of the ATPasic lymphocytic activity in the woman at the end of fertile age.

The object we propose to ourselves is to define mean values of ATPasic lymphocytic activity in different physiological conditions. This study considers the ATPasic lymphocytic activity in the woman at the end of prolific age. The methodology we followed is Ellegaard and Dimitrov one of 1972 with some modifications and simplifications; the proteins dosage in the overfloating has been effected with biuret method. No correlation between the number of months from last reported menstruation and the ATPasic lymphocytic activity has come out. Furthermore, the data woman at the end od fertile age similar to the ones of the young woman in menstrual cycle or at the middle of a cycle without ovulation. Data of aged woman, on the contrary, draw away from the data of young woman at the middle of an ovulatory cycle. Our present intention is, at this point, to turn attention to peculiar hormonal situations, for instance in presence of an estroprogestinic therapy.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1981

Two conserved sequence blocks within eukaryotic tRNA genes are major promoter elements.

The split promoter sequences of a tRNALeuCUG gene of Xenopus laevis have been mapped to nucleotides 13-20 and 51-64 of the tRNALeu coding sequences. The sequences closely coincide with two conserved sequence blocks present in all eukaryotic tRNA genes. The two conserved sequence blocks were found to be exchangeable between tRNA genes as chimaeric tRNAMet--tRNALeu genes proved transcriptionally active. Furthermore, two prokaryotic tRNA genes exhibiting strong homologies with the two blocks yielded specific transcripts when tested in an eukaryotic transcriptional system.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Functional study with 131I-rose bengal in chronic active hepatitis and nonactive cirrhosis using a three-compartment model.

The authors, using 131I-Rose Bengal, determined the fractional transfer constants of a three-compartmental model in 30 patients divided into two groups (chronic active hepatitis and nonactive cirrhosis) on a histological basis. Other functional indexes were also taken into consideration. In nonactive cirrhosis, the results show a greater impairment of Rose Bengal transfer from plasma to liver. In chronic active hepatitis K32 (fractional transfer coefficient from the second to the third compartment) appears significantly lower than in nonactive cirrhosis. No significant differences have been found for K12 and K03. The best differentiation between the two groups (consistent with histological data in 29 of 30 cases) was obtained by grouping K21, retention index (RI) and SGOT in the discrimination function: L=4.88 K21-0.016RI+0.0034SGOT. The ratio K12/K21 seems meaningful for diagnostic purposes and in the evaluation of the hepatocellular damage in single cases.

Aspartate Aminotransferases↗
PubMed1981

Defective hydroxylation of phenformin as a determinant of drug toxicity.

The kinetics of phenformin and its metabolite, p-hydroxyphenethylbiguanide, was studied in eight diabetic patients with varying degrees of renal impairment. Plasma and urinary phenformin and p-hydroxyphenethylbiguanide levels were determined by the multiple selected ion monitoring technique. Phenformin half-lives were unrelated to the degree of renal impairment, whereas reduced renal clearances of insulin and creatinine were significantly correlated with a prolonged half-life of the metabolite. The excretion of p-hydroxyphenethylbiguanide was quite variable (between 4.9% and 27% of total urinary drug loss), probably due to a genetic polymorphism of hepatic mechanisms for hydroxylation. A reduced formation of the metabolite was concomitant with marked increases in the amount of circulating phenformin. A positive reciprocal correlation was detected between areas under the plasma curve of phenformin and both the renal clearance of the unchanged drug and the percentage of metabolite formation. A reduced hydroxylation of phenformin seems, therefore, to be responsible for the high plasma levels of the drug previously described in toxic patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Measurement of cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase activity with selected ion monitoring.

Formation of 7 alpha-hydroxycholesterol by rat liver microsomes was quantitated using a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer operated in selected ion monitoring mode. This procedure measures the mass of 7 alpha-hydroxycholesterol formed and does not require addition of labeled cholesterol to monitor the reaction, since endogenous microsomal cholesterol serves as substrate for the enzyme cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase. The method requires only the extraction of lipids from microsomal incubations and injection of a small fraction of this extract into the apparatus. Microsomes from normal rat livers incubated for different periods were found to yield increased 7 alpha-hydroxycholesterol with time.

Animals↗