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Biomedical subjects

G G Ferguson

Publications and source records attributed to G G Ferguson.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Carotid-ophthalmic aneurysms: visual abnormalities in 32 patients and the results of treatment.

A review of 100 cases of carotid-ophthalmic aneurysms has been undertaken to detail their associated visual signs and the effect of surgical treatment on visual function. Thirty-two patients (25 of 61 with intact aneurysms, 7 of 39 with ruptured aneurysms) had visual abnormalities. Visual field abnormalities were found in all these patients, and visual acuity was impaired in every patient except 1. These aneurysms were often difficult to treat surgically, and a wide variety of techniques were used. A satisfactory neurological result was obtained in 26 of the 32 patients (81%), with a satisfactory visual result in 24 of the 29 survivors (83%).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Trigeminal neuralgia: a comparison of the results of percutaneous rhizotomy and microvascular decompression.

Seventy-five patients were treated between March 1976 and June 1980 for classical idiopathic tic douloureux. Fifty-five patients underwent percutaneous trigeminal rhizotomy (PTR) and twenty-four had posterior fossa microvascular decompression (MVD) of the trigeminal nerve. Four patients had both procedures. In the PTR group, 4% were immediate failures, 42% had a delayed recurrence of pain, while 54% remained totally pain free with an average follow-up of 30 months. In the MVD group, 12% were immediate failures, 17% had a delayed recurrence of pain, and 71% have remained free of pain with a average follow-up of 28 months. Neither procedure can be regarded as ideal surgical treatment for patients with pain refractory to medical treatment. Percutaneous rhizotomy has an established place because of its safety, particularly in elderly patients. A high rate of recurrent pain is to be expected. Microvascular decompression has appeal in younger patients because of its non-destructive nature but the long term efficacy of the procedure is not known.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Effects of profound hypotension on cerebral blood flow during surgery for intracranial aneurysms.

The progression of changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF) and neurological status were measured in 12 patients in whom profound hypotension (mean arterial blood pressure (MABP): 30 to 40 mm Hg) was used during intracranial aneurysm surgery. Nine patients (Group I) showed autoregulation of CBF to an MABP of 40 to 50 mm Hg during surgery. None of these patients had arterial spasm preoperatively. Postoperatively, mild flow disturbances were noted at the site of retraction. Three Group I patients developed arterial spasm postoperatively, but there was no associated neurological deterioration. The remaining three patients (Group II) had impaired autoregulation during surgery, and CBF decreased by 35% to 65% at an MABP of 50 mm Hg. Two of these patients had angiography immediately before surgery, and both showed moderate to severe arterial spasm. Relatively severe flow disturbances were noted postoperatively at the site of retraction, and two patients developed ischemic deficits of late onset. Brain retractor pressure and the degree and duration of hypotension were equivalent in the two patient groups. There was no correlation between intraoperative reductions in CBF (to as low as 20 ml/100 gm/min in the unretracted hemisphere) and immediate postoperative neurological deficits. The use of halothane and mannitol and the relatively short duration of the flow reductions were suggested as factors contributing to the protection from ischemia that was observed. Arterial spasm was found to produce hemodynamic instability and reduced CBF, although neurological status was unaffected in the majority of patients. Patients with impaired autoregulation during surgery were at increased risk of delayed ischemic complications postoperatively, and showed characteristic flow disturbances at all three stages of their clinical course.

Angiography↗
PubMed1977

Effects of 3,4-dimethoxyphenethylamine derivatives on monoamine oxidase.

The cactus alkaloid 3,4-dimethoxyphenethylamine and its naturally occurring N-methylated homologs inhibited the deamination of tyramine and tryptamine by rat brain monoamine oxidase. In contrast, the beta-hydroxylated derivatives of this series failed to inhibit the action of monoamine oxidase on both tyramine and tryptamine.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

The location of conduction abnormalities in human entrapment neuropathies.

Direct stimulation of 23 median, 13 ulnar and 2 peroneal nerves at the time of surgical exploration has been used to locate, and characterize the conduction abnormalities in the nerves. The most frequent location of the major conduction abnormalities in the median nerve was in the first 1-2 cm distal to the origin of the carpal tunnel. In the ulnar nerve the important conduction abnormalities were located most frequently in the segments 1 cm proximal and distal to the medial epicondyle. In the peroneal nerve the major conduction abnormalities occurred proximal or distal to the entry point of the common peroneal nerve into the peroneus longus muscle.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Autoregulation of cerebral blood flow during controlled hypotension in baboons.

The effect of graded, progressive hypotension on the autoregulation of cerebral blood flow was studied in anaesthetised baboons. Progressive hypotension was produced over a period of four to five hours, either by graded haemorrhage or by the administration of increasing concentrations of hypotensive drugs. During haemorrhagic hypotension autoregulation was maintained until the mean arterial pressure had decreased to 65% of its baseline value, below which cerebral blood flow was pressure passive. In those animals subjected to drug-induced hypotension, autoregulation persisted to lower levels of mean arterial pressure (35-40% of baseline). It is postulated that under conditions of haemorrhagic hypotension, constriction of the extraparenchymal cerebral vessels in response to sympathetic stimulation decreases the possible range of autoregulation in the anaesthetised baboon.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Selectivity of 4-methoxyphenethylamine derivatives as inhibitors of monoamine oxidase.

It has been established that the oxidative deamination of tyramine by monoamine xodase is inhibited by (+/-)-4-methoxy-beta-hydroxyphenethylamine and its N-methylated derivatives. This particular series of compounds does not inhibit the action of monoamine oxidase when tryptamine is used as the substrate. In contrast, 4-methoxyphenethylamine and its N-methylated homologs inhibit the monoamine oxidase-catalyzed deamination of both tyramine and tryptamine.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Monoamine oxidase inhibiting activity of a series of (+/-)-4-methoxy-beta-hydroxyphenethylamines.

The synthesis and selected pharmacological testing of (+/-)-4-methoxy-beta-hydroxyphenethylamine [1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-aminoethanol] and its N-methylated derivatives are presented. Members of this series were found to exert partial prevention of reserpine-induced hypothermia in mice and to inhibit monoamine oxidase in Warburg studies. Activity was essentially dose dependent. The secondary amine was the most active member of the series. The tertiary amine was least active, and the primary amine exhibited intermediate activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Isolated spinal cord arteritis.

This patient presented as a subacute progressive cervical myelopathy and the differential diagnosis included cervical spondylotic myelopathy and intramedullary mass. Microscopically, vascular lesions plus a patchy myelomalacia indicated a vasculitis. However, there was no suggestion of a generalized vasculitis at autopsy and the only supporting laboratory study was a raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate. It would seem that a vasculitis similar to polyarteritis nodosa or other collagen disease may be confined to the spinal cord.

Arteritis↗