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Biomedical subjects

G G Avtandilov

Publications and source records attributed to G G Avtandilov.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Change in the ploidy of prostatic epitheliocyte nuclei during carcinogenesis.

Comparative computer-assisted microspectrophotometric analysis of histological preparations showed that the mean nuclear ploidy increased 1.3 times in glandular hyperplasia and 2-fold in adenocarcinoma of 3 progressive degrees of dysdifferentiation. Proliferative activity of cells also increased from stage to stage. The data visualize cell nuclei ploidy and facilitate objective differential diagnostic decision making.

Cell Nucleus↗
PubMed2004

[Ploidic diagnosis of precancer processes and of uterine cervix cancer according to cytological parameters].

It is suggested, on the basis of ploidic, to define more precisely the cytological analysis according to values of the mean ploidy of cell nuclei of epitheliocytes in neoplasms of the cervix of the uterus. Ploidiometry was found to ensure a more accurate differential diagnosis of 3 process stages, i.e. benign (low degree of intraepithelial neoplasia), marginal (high degree of intraepithelial neoplasia) and malignant stages of carcinogenesis (carcinoma) in the cervix of the uterus.

Carcinoma in Situ↗
PubMed2003

Artificial aging of mice.

Clinical signs of aging verified by morphometrical analysis of brain tissue were observed in young mice 4 months after administration of brain extract from old mice (5 intraperitoneal injections).

Aging↗
PubMed2001

[The problem of histological nomenclature and classification of carcinogenesis stages in the breast].

Objective diagnostic criteria for carcinogenesis staging and classification are suggested on the basis of a ploidometric investigation of 15,000 nuclei of cells of lobular and ductal epithelial neoplasms of the breast. Differential diagnosis is to apply to the following stages of mammary carcinogenesis: (a) signs of epithelial hyperplasia (/0) and intraepithelial neoplasia stage I (benign stages--/1); (b) intraepithelial neoplasia stage II (border-line stages--/2); (c) infiltrating carcinoma with or without metastases (malignant stages--/3).

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed2000

Determination of the structure of tissue samples using X-ray small angle scattering.

X-ray small angle scattering has been used in material science for about 50 years. In diagnostic medicine, it has been applied for some years. The theoretical background is the diffraction of monochromatic X-rays by the electrons of small particles. The widening of the primary beam by those samples allows a conclusion regarding particle size, size distribution, and the form of the particles. The camera requires a well-defined and small X-ray beam which has to be entrapped exactly behind the sample. To date, the medical application has been carried out mainly by the comparison of the measured curve with that of standard samples. It can be suggested that in the near future its application in medicine will increase particularly with regard to in vivo measurements. For this purpose, new cameras will have to be developed. An exact evaluation of the result requires a thorough knowledge of the theoretical basis.

Breast↗
PubMed1997

[Computer-assisted microtelephotometric study of dysplasia and adenocarcinoma of the large intestine in patients with chronic nonspecific colitis].

Computer-aided microtelephotometry showed that the mean size of the nuclei gradually increases and their shape changes, and the total content of Feulgen DNA increases in patients with nonspecific ulcerative colitis in proportion to the severity of dysplasia and malignant degeneration of the mucosal epithelium of the large intestine. In first-degree dysplasia the value os 2.8, in second degree 5.0, in third degree 6.9; in cribriform structures of adenocarcinoma 8.6, in poorly differentiated cancer cells 10.9, and in highly polymorphous sites of adenocarcinoma as high as 20. Mathematical expression of different degree of dysplasia and of adenocarcinoma of the large intestine will no doubt facilitate the differential diagnosis of these processes and help universally assess them. A new technology of histocytological investigations - computer-aided microtelephotometry - permits the use of all types of telecommunications for consultations to be carried out all over the country.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

[Morphologic diagnosis of myogenous uterine tumors].

102 myogenous tumours and 12 unchanged areas of the uterine wall were studied histologically, morphometrically, stereometrically, microspectrophotometrically and electron microscopically. The differential-diagnostic importance of the mitotic activity, nuclear DNA content, volume proportion of the myofibrillar material in comparison with the cell density and volume proportion of nuclei is shown.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Pathologic conclusion about the cause of death].

The author compares the rules of the pathology diagnosis formulation with the requirements of the International classification of diseases and suggests ending the pathology epicrisis with a separate paragraph "Pathology conclusion about the cause of death". 8 variants of such conclusion are suggested taking into consideration different construction of diagnosis (monocausal, bicausal, multicausal).

Cause of Death↗
PubMed1992

Information analysis of immune and endocrine organs. Morphological changes in the course of infection.

Morphological and morphometric studies were conducted into lymphoid and endocrine organs of 259 human adults and infants with pyoinflammatory diseases (PID) and of 300 experimental mice. Informative and correlation analyses of the data thus recorded provided evidence to the effect that in the course of an infection process adaptation and compensation responses were characterized by intensified exchange of information within the immune-endocrine system (IES). Septic courses of PID were found to be accompanied by impairment of inter-organ correlations, increase in information entropy and progressive structural disorganization of the IES.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1991

[The morphogenesis of polyps of the large intestine].

The proportion of so-called hyperplastic polyps among other colon epithelial tumours remains unclear. Colon polyps are studied in 400 patients: hyperplastic polyps are found in 107, a combination of hyperplastic polyp with tubular adenoma in 143, tubular adenoma in 72, villous adenoma in 41 and tubulovillous adenoma in 37 cases. Hyperplastic structures and formation of adenomatous structures were, as a rule, observed in a polyp tip, this corresponding to the increase of nuclei volume and DNA amount in the tip colonocytes. The determination of karyometric coefficient (the ratio of the colonocyte nuclei volume in the polyp tip to colonocytes in the intact mucosa) is proposed as a quantitative criterion of proliferative and dysplastic processes.

Colon↗
PubMed1990

Cyclic nucleotide concentrations of rectal mucosa in ulcerative colitis.

The concentrations of cyclic nucleotides (CN) were examined in rectal mucosal biopsy specimens from 52 patients with active ulcerative colitis (UC) and 10 healthy controls. The three degrees of inflammation, evaluated macroscopically by endoscopy and by morphometry in the specimens by estimating the cellular infiltration of the lamina propria, corresponded nicely with each other. The proliferative-regenerative morphologic changes in the rectal mucosa were graded qualitatively and quantitatively in three groups in accordance with defined criteria. A significant difference in cAMP concentration was only found between the most severe degree of inflammation (infiltration, 44.6%) in UC and healthy controls. cAMP concentration in rectal mucosal specimens was lower at the highest degree of regeneration than in specimens with lower degrees. Thus cAMP may play a role in the epithelial regeneration of rectal mucosa. The values of CN concentration did not correlate with the degree of inflammation in rectal mucosa from patients with UC.

Adult↗