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Biomedical subjects

G G Anderson

Publications and source records attributed to G G Anderson.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Comparative pulmonary surfactant-inducing effect of three corticosteroids in the near-term rat.

Equivalent doses of dexamethasone, prednisolone, and betamethasone were given intraperitoneally to pregnant rats on day 20. Six dosage levels were selected: 0.4, 0.8, 1.6, 3.2, 6.4, and 12.8 mg/kg. Corticosteroids were diluted in saline solution containing 300 microCi of 3Hcholine. Twenty-four rats (18 experimental, six control) were killed on day 21, four viable fetuses were removed from each, and the four pairs of fetal lungs from each rat were pooled. Phospholipids were extracted and separated by thin-layer chromatography. Incorporation of 3Hcholine represented amounts of newly induced pulmonary lecithin and sphingomyelin. Results were expressed in terms of percentage change from control. Betamethasone appeared to be the most potent, with a statistically significant greater effect at the 6.4 mg/kg dosage level (two-factor analysis of variance, p = 0.03). There appeared to be a suppressive effect of all corticosteroids at the 12.8 mg/kg dosage level. If similar responses were observed in primates, the results would suggest that higher dosage levels of betamethasone (up to four times the presently recommended dose of approximately 0.34 mg/kg) might be more efficacious.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Comparative study of high-dose chorionic gonadotropin on the human and rat corpus luteum and effect of gonadotropin-releasing hormone on human luteal function.

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) was administered to pseudopregnant rats with 4-day-old corpora lutea and to normal women on days 16 to 18 following onset of menses. In the rat serum progesterone levels fell by 90% within 8 hours as did unoccupied luteal luteinizing hormone (LH) receptors following treatment with hCG (100 IU). Total receptor number for LH, however, remained unchanged until after 12 hours. In the woman 20,000 or 40,000 IU of hCG given on day 16 and day 18 of the cycle did not reduce serum progesterone or serum estradiol levels although the serum hCG level was similar to that achieved in the rat. In fact, serum progesterone levels rose and the cycle length was extended by hCG treatment in the human. Conversely, treatment of the woman with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH, 500 microgram on day 16 and on day 18) caused an initial rapid rise, then a fall in serum progesterone levels and the cycle length was shortened. It was concluded that the human corpus luteum may be resistant to densensitization by hCG but possibly not to LH. However, the possibility cannot be excluded that GnRH may compromise luteal function through mechanisms independent of effects on pituitary gonadotropin secretion or action.

20-alpha-Dihydroprogesterone↗
PubMed1978

The effects of dexamethasone and prostaglandin F2alpha on production and release of surfactant in type II alveolar cells.

Incubation of adult rat Type II alveolar pneumocytes with dexamethasone microM induced an increase of intracellular 3Hphosphatidyl choline (PC), a component of lung surfactant, from precursor 3Hcholine. Release of 3HPC into the media did not differ from control unless prostaglandin F2alpha-THAM microM was added to the dexamethasone-treated cells. This observation corresponds to the ontogenetically observed endogenous increases in cortisol during pregnancy followed by increases in prostaglandins associated with contractions. The model system will serve well to test whether various substances effect synthesis and/or release of pulmonary surfactants.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Use of prostaglandin E2 vaginal suppositories in intrauterine fetal death and missed abortion.

Twenty patients with either missed abortions or intrauterine fetal death were induced with prostaglandin (PGE2) vaginal suppositories. The uterus is surprisingly responsive to PGE2 in cases of intrauterine death, yielding a short treatment-delivery interval. Blood coagulopathies which can develop after intrauterine death can be avoided through early diagnosis and treatment. Eighteen patients completely delivered and there were no serious complications. The remaining 2 patients required curettage. Side effects were mild in nature, consisting of occasional gastrointestinal symptoms. This method is now a standard procedure in cases of intrauterine fetal death and missed abortion at Yale-New Haven Medical Center.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1975

Comparison of uterine contractions in spontaneous and oxytocin- or PGF2alpha - induced labors.

Labor contractions in 20 patients in spontaneous labor and 40 others who reveived either PGF2alpha or oxytocin for stimulation of the active phase of labor were statistically analyzed during 1 hour of labor. Measurement criteria were the frequency, intensity, and duration of contractions. Statistical analysis failed to reveal any significant difference in contractions in the three groups, suggesting that oxytocin and PGF2alpha-induced contractions and spontaneous contractions appear to be indistinguishable.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Clinical experience using intraamniotic prostaglandin F2alpha for midtrimester abortion in 600 patients.

Six hundred consecutive patients received intraamniotic prostaglandin F2alpha to induce midtrimester abortion. The PGF2alpha was administered by a general population of gynecologists according to a standard protocol. The aim of the study was to observe whether results would be similar to those reported in various research studies. Of 600 abortions, 460 were complete, 140 were incomplete, and there were no abortion failures. Other parameters were also similar to previous research results, indicating that PGF2alpha can be an effective and safe means of inducing midtrimester abortion when administered by the practicing gynecologist.

Abortion, Induced↗