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Biomedical subjects

G Flandrin

Publications and source records attributed to G Flandrin.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Immunological classification of acute lymphoblastic leukaemias: evaluation of its clinical significance in a hundred patients.

The use of T and B lymphocyte markers and of different antisera raised against malignant B cells and fetal thymocytes allowed the classification of 100 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) into three groups. (I) Patients with non-T non-B ALL whose cells were devoid of conventional B and T markers but characterized by a leukaemia associated antigen (69 cases). (2) Patients with T-derived ALL (28 cases). (3) Patients with ALL of B cell origin (three cases). The search for haematological and clinical correlations showed that those patients with T-derived ALL tended to have a higher leucocyte count (P=0.05) and acid phosphatase positivity of blast cells (P= 0.01), a higher incidence of tumour presentation (P=0.05) and a thymic mass. Survival curves for the two main groups of patients are similar at 36 months but meningeal relapses were more frequent in patients with T-derived ALL (P=0.02).

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Proposals for the classification of the acute leukaemias. French-American-British (FAB) co-operative group.

A uniform system of classification and nomenclature of the acute leukaemias, at present lacking, should permit more accurate recording of the distribution of cases entered into clinical trials, and could provide a reference standard when newly developed cell-surface markers believed to characterize specific cell types are applied to cases of acute leukaemia. Proposals based on conventional morphological and cytochemical methods are offered following the study of peripheral blood and bone-marrow films from some 200 cases of acute leukaemia by a group of seven French, American and British haematologists. The slides were examined first independently, and then by the group working together. Two groups of acute leukaemia, 'lymphoblastic' and myeloid are further subdivided into three and six groups. Dysmyelopoietic syndromes that may be confused with acute myeloid leukaemia are also considered. Photomicrographs of each of the named conditions are presented.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1975

Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia of T-cell origin. Immunological and clinical evaluation in eleven patients.

Eleven patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia of T-cell origin are reported. The identification of the leukaemic cells was performed with seven different membrane markers for either T or B lymphocytes. The reactivity of the leukaemic T cells with three different heteroantisera to T cells differed from patient to patient but was homogeneous in individual cases. This finding suggests that the leukaemic lymphocytes belonged to a single subset of T cells. These lymphocytes responded to allogeneic cells in some of these patients. In contrast, stimulation by non-specific mitogens was poor in most patients. Two patients were affected with the prolymphocytic type of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, but a characteristic clinical and haematological pattern was found in nine patients. The blood and marrow infiltration was moderate and the proliferating T lymphocytes had a high content of lysosomal enymes in all patients and cytoplasmic granules in six cases. Other unusual features included massive splenomegaly (five patients), skin lesions (four patients), and major neutropenia (four patients).

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Septate-like junctions in abnormal erythroblasts: cytochemical, ultrastructural and freeze-etch studies.

Ultrastructural studies of the bone marrow of a patient with refractory anemia revealed aberrant erythroblasts with unique cell junctions. Periodic structures linked adjacent processes on the same cell as well as surfaces of neighboring erythroblasts. Inclusions circumscribed by similar complexes were also present in the cytoplasm. The junction appeared in cross sections as two rigidly parallel unit membranes separated by 250-300 A interspace with two regular arrays of facing 70 A particles at intervals of 160-200 A. These intracellular specializations were present between erythroblasts at various stages of maturation and between, mono, bi or multinucleated erythroblasts. Junctions were permeable to lanthanum and many that appeared to be intracellular were demonstrated to be continuous with the extracellular space. The fact that others were not penetrated by lanthanum indicates that detachment of the interdigitating processes from cells of origin could have occurred. In freeze-etched replicas, distribution of membrane particles was random in areas of septate-like junctions, although parallel rows were sometimes observed both on A and B inner hydrophobic faces of the membrane leaflets. Junctional complexes in tissue culture appeared to have been disrupted and were not reestablished; however, inclusions resembling internalized junctions were observed associated with multivesicular bodies. Ineffective erythropoiesis and the resulting refractory anemia appear to be associated with the presence of the described anomalous junctional complexes.

Anemia, Aplastic↗
PubMed1975

Non-Hodgkin's lymphomata: clinical and immunological data in relation to histology.

Two hundred and forty-four previously untreated patients seen since 1964 in the department of haematology at Saint-Louis hospital were analysed. Clinical data included results of initial work-up and prognosis evaluated by survival rate matched with principal variables: age, sex, histopathology, staging, incidence of clinical and biological systemic symptoms. Immunological data included results of systematic studies made in each category of non-Hodgkin's lymphomata. Hyperbasophilic lymphoma, a special group recently characterized, is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[Sézary's syndrome].

In Sézary's syndrome (SS), cutaneous manifestations are associated with an abnormal mononuclear cell in the blood. Clinically, the differential diagnosis with Mycosis fungoides is impossible. However, some of the symptoms are more in favor of SS, such as leonin face, palm and sole hyperkeratosis and changes in pigmentation. The diagnosis of SS rests upon the identification on ordinary blood smears of a lymphocytic cell, the size of which is variable and which exhibits a grooved, folded and lobulated nucleus. This cell is negative for both esterases and peroxydases. It is not a monocyte. Large cells have big nuclei with tetraploid DNA values, whereas small variants have near diploid values. Chromosome analysis may reveal near hypertetraploid, hyper or hypodiploid counts. Marker chromosomes have been seen which could be common to all types. However, many cases are known in which the karyotype was normal. In addition, there are cases in which chromosome analysis was impossible due to poor responses of the Sézary cells to PHA. As regards surface markers, there is general agreement that Sézary's cells are non-B lymphocytes. In some cases, the cells had both T markers (antigen and E-rosettes), whereas in others, only one (antigen) was expressed. In still other cases, the abnormal blood cell had neither B nor T markers. In at least one case, the cells had both B and T surface receptors. The diversity of the Sézary's cell would be explained by the immunologic pressure exerted upon skin lymphocytes by the epidermis due to a change in the antigenicity of this tissue in relation to ageing or to the presence of exogenous chemicals, or to physically induced mutations. Recent studies from this laboratory, using autoradiography after incorporation of tritiated thymidine, have shown labelled lymphocytes in the skin of three out of four cases of SS. These results suggest that cutaneous manifestations in SS, as well as in Mycosis fungoides, are comparable to a chronic Graft-Versus-Host reaction (GVH).

Cell Membrane↗
PubMed1975

Acute leukemia with Burkitt's tumor cells: A study of six cases with special reference to lymphocyte surface markers.

In six patients with acute leukemia (about 2% of the patients referred for acute lymphoblastic leukemia) the blast cells invading bone marrow and blood showed all the cytologic, cytochemical, and electron microscopy features of Burkitt's tumor cells. The presence of monoclonal surface immunoglobulins (their synthesis being proved by in vitro culture experiments), the binding of IgG aggregates, and the absence of rosette formation with sheep red cells documented the monoclonal B-cell origin of these blast cells which is in sharp contrast to the findings in common acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The course of the disease was usually rapidly fatal without chemotherapy-induced remission.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1974

Simultaneous occurrence of acute myeloblastic leukaemia and multiple myeloma without previous chemotherapy.

The simultaneous detection of multiple myeloma and acute myeloblastic leukaemia is reported in two patients who had not undergone chemotherapy. Histological examinations confirmed the infiltration by both myeloblasts and plasma cells. Only the latter contained monoclonal immunoglobulin chains at immunofluorescent studies. The possible relation between the two distinct proliferative processes is briefly discussed.

Aged↗