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Biomedical subjects

G Faure

Publications and source records attributed to G Faure.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Identification of microcrystals in synovial fluids by combined scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction : application to triclinic calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate.

We report a method for studying microcrystals which combines scanning electron microscopy, electron-dispersive X-ray analysis, and X-ray diffraction. Application of all three techniques to the same crystalline bodies permits correlation of their three-dimensional morphology at high magnification with unambiguous identification by means of their crystallographic properties. The method was applied to triclinic calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate.

Calcium Pyrophosphate↗
PubMed1977

HLA antigens and alkaptonuria.

Thirty members of Family C, which included cases of alkaptonuria and ochronosis, were investigated by means of HLA typing and homogentistic acid determination. The antigen HLA B27 was found in one of the two members of the first generation, in all eight members of the second generation, and in 15 of the 21 members of the third generation. Eight of 10 subjects suffering from alkaptonuria, with or without ochronotic arthropathy or spondylosis, had B27. The gene for B27 is not the gene determining homogentisic acid oxydase synthesis but this study suggests that it may be associated or linked to it.

Alkaptonuria↗
PubMed1977

[Interest and limits of arteriography in one case of abdomino-pelvic trauma (author's transl)].

Hepatic and pelvic arteriography were carried out in one case of trauma of the liver and pelvis. Initial hepatic arteriography did not give more information than per-operative cholangiography. Secondary hepatic arteriography suggests the presence of lesions which, in fact, do not exist. Pelvic arteriography permitted us to localise on one obturator artery, the origin of a voluminous retroperitoneal hematoma. We were able to stop the hemorrhage by embolisation and this facilitated surgical removal of the hematoma.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1977

[Ochronotic hip disease. Radiological and scintigraphic study (author's transl)].

A radiological and scintigraphic study of hte femoral head removed from a patient at the time of insertion of a total prosthesis of the hip in a patient with ochronotic rheumatic disease. The images obtained differ from those seen in aseptic osteonecrosis and confirm the hypotheses of Lagier, who has described several forms of arthrotic remodelling in ochronotic hip disease.

Female↗
PubMed1977

[Identification of the crystals observed in the destructive arthropathies of chondrocalcinosis].

Study of the synovial membrane and cartilage demonstrating two destructive arthropathies of the knee diagnosed in subjects with articular pseudogout. Scanning electron microscopy reveals the presence of many crystals on the surface of the cartilage and the synovium and in the depth of the cartilage. These can be grouped into two families on the basis of dimensions and morphology. The first consists of those shaped like arrowheads and are large (80-100 microns long.) They were formally identified using Weissenberg's technique; dihydrated calcium hydrogenophosphate (CaHPO4.2H2O) is involved here. In the second family the crystallogenesis is different (prism or lozange-shaped) and the crystals themselves have not been identified with certainty because of their tiny size (20 microns). The hypothesis is proposed that the crystals of dihydrated calcium hydrogenophosphate properly belong to the destructive arthropathies of pseudogout; while not necessarily its cause, they may help explain its development.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

[Gastric mucosa in patients with rheumatoid polyarthritis treated by anti-inflammatory agents. Clinical, radiological, endoscopic, anatomopathological and ultrastructural study].

One hundred patients (50 male, 50 female) suffering from rheumatoid arthritis, treated for more than 6 months with steroid and/or non-steroid anti-inflammatory agents were studied using barium X-rays and gastro-fibroscopy. In 69, one or more gastric biopsies were taken during the endoscopy. The study showed a marked preponderance of ulcerous lesions in males, 9 of the 13 iatrogenic ulcers being found in this sex. It also confirmed the frequency of gastritis and the absence of any correlation between clinical signs and radio-endoscopic findings as well as between the latter and histopathological data. An ultra structural study carried out in 20 cases revealed focal lesions of the clear cells of the neck of the fundus and antral glands and, in 4 cases, marked changes in the gastric endocrine cells.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents↗
PubMed1976

[Diagnostic value of localized hypofixations in the radioisotope scanning of bones].

The scintigraphic appearances of all localized, evolutive bone lesions, whatever their nature, is usually a "hot spot", that is a zone of hyperfixation of the radioactive material. False negatively scintigraphs are, however, noted: the scintigraphic image appears normal, without a zone of hyperfixation, although radiographs of the skeleton are pathological. The 8 cases presented in this article demonstrate that certain bone lesions (aseptic osteonecrosis and malignant destruction of bone) may sometimes be represented as real zones of hypofixation, as veritable "cold spots". These areas of hypofixation result from either a local interruption in the vascularization, which prevents the isotope from reaching the bony structures, or from a quantitative insufficiency of the bony tissue, this being replaced by neoplastic tissue which, in the cases studied, fixed labelled Bleomycin or iodine-131. These areas of hypofixation and any absences of fixation really are the scintigraphic images of areas of osteolysis or of aseptic osteonecrosis but they are generally masked by hyperfixation around the lesion that results in reactional osteogenesis and hypervascularization.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

[Pigmented villonodular synovitits of the hip: ultrastructure and aspects on scanning electron microscopy].

The authors studied one case of pigmented, villonodular synovitis (PVNS) of the hip by means of optical microscopy and by transmission and scanning electron microscopy. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the surface of the PVNS is completely different from that of rheumatic synovitis, in particular that of rheumatoid synovitis. The composition and the cellular morphology of the outer layer of the PVNS appear, however, to be similar to those of normal synovial membrane of arthrosic synovial membrane. Clumps of red corpuscles, enclosed in a fibrin network, were visible on the surface of the PVNS in a way that the authors has never seen previously in the 19 other human synovial membranes, normal and pathological, they had studied in this way. The totality of the microscopic findings confirms the importance of the role played by the intra-articular and intra-synovial haemorrhages, and by the macrophage reactions that follow, in the development of the lesions that characterize PVNS.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Contribution of scanning electron microscopy to the study of normal and pathological human synovial membrane].

Scanning electron microscopy permits three-dimensional morphological study of the outer layer of the synovial membrane. This article concerns the study of 15 surgical samples of normal and pathological human synovial membranes: 3 normal synovial membranes, 6 inflammatory synovial membranes, 5 arthrosic synovial membranes, 1 tuberculous tenosynovitis. The samples were washed, fixed in a mixture of glutaraldehyde and iso-osmotic paraformaldehyde, dehydrated in increasing concentrations of alcohol and at the critical point, and then subjected to double metallization (aluminium and gold). Certain portions were treated with hyaluronidase. Hypertrophy of the villi, considerable in inflammatory synovial membranes, minimal in arthrosic synovial membranes, and absent in the normal synovial membrane, was confirmed. The outer layer is composed of cells of different sizes with spaces betwen, in which images indicating intercellular bridges can just be seen. The surface of the cells is irregular and covered with numerous microvilli. The arthrosic synovial membrane is poorly with large cells; in contrast in an inflammatory synovial membrane they are numerous, globular, and project from the surface.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1976

[Use of Dodger filters in osteoarticular radiology].

Dodger filters represent considerable progress in the harmonization of the contrast in radiography by modulation of the incident Y-ray beam. The originality of these filters is related to three factors: the mobility of the filter elements, their shape, and in particular the presence of a specific optical system that makes it possible, by demonstrating the filter lines with a luminous ray, to predict and adapt the attenuation effects obtained. Osteo-articular radiology can now be viewed in a new light, as it is possible with Dodger filters to obtain on a single fim, valid images of the whole of the bony structure of a region as well as of the corresponding soft tissues.

Arthrography↗