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Biomedical subjects

G F Cahill

Publications and source records attributed to G F Cahill.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1973

"Health" steak.

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Adolescent↗
PubMed1973

Glucagon.

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Amino Acids↗
PubMed1973

Metabolic effects of exogenous glucocorticoids in fasted man.

The influence of administering excessive amounts of glucocorticoids on circulating substrates and hormones and on urinary excretion of nitrogenous compounds and ketone bodies was examined in man after prolonged starvation. After 35 days of total caloric deprivation the administration of high physiologic doses of glucocorticoids increased circulating glucose and insulin levels without intensifying total urinary nitrogen excretion. The increased blood glucose seemed to be due to diminished peripheral uptake rather than augmented gluconeogenesis. A small, transient increase in circulating plasma amino acids was observed. However, the secondary rise in serum insulin seemed to block the proteolytic effect(s) of glucocorticoids, preventing them from mobilizing body protein stores during starvation. There was no change in circulating free fatty acids or glycerol. Thus, it appeared that the potential catabolic action of excessive glucocorticoids was offset by the anabolic effect of insulin, and a new state of homeostasis was established.An additional effect of glucocorticoid administration was a marked diminution of renal excretion of ketone bodies.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed1973

Ketosis.

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Acidosis↗
PubMed1972

Effect of insulin on muscle glutamate uptake. Whole blood versus plasma glutamate analysis.

For decades, investigators concerned with protein metabolism in man have performed detailed amino acid analyses of human plasma obtained under a wide range of experimental situations. A large body of information has been used to calculated rates of protein synthesis and proteolysis. During the course of an investigation of the effect of intrabrachial artery infusion of insulin (70 muU/min per kg body weight) on glutamate uptake by human forearm muscle, it was discovered that plasma arterio-deep venous glutamate difference analysis failed to document any increase in the uptake of this amino acid, suggesting that insulin had little influence on glutamate uptake by muscle. However, whole blood glutamate analyses, performed on the same blood samples, revealed that (a) the resting muscle uptake of glutamate is smaller than previously reported and (b) insulin is capable of markedly increasing glutamate uptake by muscle from whole blood. Since the hematocrit was obtained on all samples, detailed analyses of the various compartments in which glutamate could be found were performed. It was determined that circulating blood cells have a dynamic role in glutamate transport. These data underscore the need for both whole blood and plasma amino acid analysis in investigations concerned with protein synthesis and/or amino acid flux, for analysis of plasma samples alone could be misleading as illustrated in the present study.

Blood Cells↗