Research priorities on alcohol--a summation.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to G Edwards.
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The clinical Alcoholism Interview Schedule (CAIS) is being developed as a standardized instrument for initial assessment of alcoholic patients and as a research tool. Fifty questions cover key areas of clinical concern, and accompanying guidelines describe the method of administration. An initial study of inter-rater reliability has been conducted with five raters independently rating taped interviews with each of ten patients. Agreement was assessed both by percentage agreement and by weighted Kappa. Detailed results, which are presented, in general show a fairly satisfactory level of reliability except for certain identified items which include the Jellinek classification of type of alcoholism.
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In 935 alcoholics, alcoholism increased the risk of death more in upper-class than in lower-class alcoholics, the middle-class alcoholics holding an intermediate position closer to that of the upper-class alcoholics.
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Two groups of alcoholics received either one counseling session or several months of in- and outpatient treatment. One year later there were no significant differences in outcome between the two groups.
Among 935 hospitalized alcoholic patients, 32% of the men and 17% of the women had a criminal record. Correlates of criminality are explored. Recidivism rates are established and compared with those of approximate controls.
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This byproduct of an epidemiological study of psychiatric disorders in the Washington Heights are of New York City suggests that there are Anglo-American differences in measures of psychiatric morbidity. A description of the project and examples of some of the results are presented. Some possible causes and implications of the Anglo-American differences are discussed.
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A sample of 42 case notes of alcoholic patients were abstracted for 17 items by three different raters. Interrater agreement was generally rather low. Research based on case-note abstraction which does not report on abstraction reliabilities must therefore be viewed with some suspicion. It would be helpful if clinical material could more often be collected in a standardized manner.