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Biomedical subjects

G Durand

Publications and source records attributed to G Durand.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Plasma level monitoring of psychotropic drugs in children. I-Haloperidol (author's transl)].

Monitoring of haloperidol plasma levels during long-term treatment is not commonly practised in adults and even less in children. In this study, haloperidol plasma levels were measured in children and teenagers with psychotic episodes or abnormal movements. Steady state concentrations ranged from 0.7 to 19 ng/ml. They were apparently unrelated to the doses administered (15-285 micrograms/kg/day), and variations of up to 15-fold were observed with the same dosage. In contrast, a significant correlation (p less than 0.02) was determined between age and dose-concentration ratio. Side-effects also seemed to be significantly related to plasma levels (p less than 0.01); they occurred at concentration higher than 6 ng/ml. Therapeutic response was observed with plasma concentrations of 1 to 4 ng/ml in cases with abnormal movements, but no dose-effect relationship was found in patients with psychotic episodes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

In vivo changes in the rates of total lipid and fatty acid synthesis in liver and white adipose tissues of male rats during postweaning growth.

1. In suckling rats, lipid synthesis is low in liver and adipose tissues. The rest of carcass is the major site of body lipogenesis. 2. After weaning, lipid synthesis (per g of wet wt) strongly increases in liver, perirenal and subcutaneous adipose tissues, and rest of carcass. The relative contributions of liver and both adipose tissues to body lipogenesis are about 35-40 and 6-9% respectively, but the rest of the carcass is still the main site of lipogenesis up to the age of 50 days. 3. In adult rats, lipid synthesis (per g of wet wt) remains high in liver but is strongly reduced in adipose tissues and carcass. Liver becomes the principal site of body lipogenesis.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1982

Influence of dietary essential fatty acid level on fatty acid composition in peripheral nerve and muscle.

Two groups of rats of different lines were divided into two lots. The four lots, whose dams received a fat-controlled diet, were fed with diets containing different levels of essential unsaturated fatty acids, namely linoleic (18:2 (n-6)) and linolenic (18:2 (n-3)) acid, in the oil. Nerve and muscle fatty acids were analyzed at adulthood. When the linolenic acid level was less than 0.6 p. 100 of the total fatty acids in the diets (peanut oil and sunflower oil), the level of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) of the (n-3) series decreased. This decrease was associated with an increase in the PUFA of the (n-6) series. Total PUFA ((n-3) + (n-6)) remained similar in the same group of rats, whatever the diet. On the contrary, when dietary linolenic acid reached 7.6 p. 100 (soya oil) or 8.5 p. 100 (rapeseed oil) of the total fatty acids, in the presence of a very high linoleic acid level, the PUFA of the (n-6) series decreased and that of the (n-3) series increased in nerve and especially in muscle. It appears that preferential PUFA biosynthesis from linolenic acid occurred when the ratio (n-6)/(n-3) was low enough in the dietary oil.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Decreased binding by isolated rat hepatocytes of asialo-haptoglobin after combination with hemoglobin].

The desialilation of 125I-labelled haptoglobin unmasks non-reducing galactose which has become terminal and permits its recognition and binding by isolated hepatocytes. However, the prior formation of an asialohaptoglobin-haemoglobin complex diminishes this property considerably. The explanation suggested is that there could either be a structural rearrangement of the complexed asialo-haptoglobin or steiric hindrance due to a masking of the galactose by the haemoglobin.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[De novo lipogenesis: kinetics of in vivo incorporation of tritiated water 3H into fatty acids and total lipids of the liver, plasma, adipose tissue and carcass of the male rat].

Tritiated water 3H, injected by intraperitoneal route into 7-week old male Rats, was incorporated into lipids synthesized de novo. The Rats were killed 0, 3, 7, 10, 15, 30, 60 and 120 min. after tracer injection. The results show that an optimal interval of about 10 min. between tracer injection and animal sacrifice was necessary to obtain a correct estimate of lipogenesis de novo by avoiding intertissue exchanges.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1980

[Effect of a mitogenic concentration on membrane glycoconjugates of human lymphocytes].

Periodate oxidation of human peripheral blood lymphocytes followed by reduction with 3H labelled sodium borohydride and acidic hydrolysis generates N-AN 7, glycerol and propane 1-2 diol. This indicates that sialyl, fucosyl and probably galactosyl residues are oxidized by periodate. Neuraminidase-treated lymphocytes exhibit decreased N-AN 7 levels, increased N-AN 8 levels and increased glycerol levels. Such results were neither found with mouse splenocytes nor with calf lymph node cells.

Cell Membrane↗
PubMed1980

[Incidence of varying factors on the immunochemical behavior of alpha 1-acid glycoprotein].

Electroimmunodiffusion methods of Laurell and radial immunodiffusion method of Mancini are compared for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of native and desialylated alpha 1-acid glycoprotein. Samples are incubated under different conditions at decreasing pH (3.5 to 0.5 pH units), with increasing ionic strength and with neuraminidase during different time intervals. Results show a pronounced decrease in electrophoretic mobility of alpha 1-acid glycoprotein treated either with acidic reagents or with neuraminidase (ionic strength has no effect). Such a procedure might involve chemical or enzymatic hydrolysis by which sialyl residues are removed. This hydrolysis implicates lower results in the estimation of the desialylated glycoprotein by electroimmunodiffusion. On the other hand, the amounts of alpha 1-acid glycoprotein evaluated by radial immunodiffusion are not modified after incubation. This is expected since diffusion and antigenic properties are not related to the sialic acid content. The data suggest that radial immunodiffusion, less accurate and sensitive than electroimmunodiffusion, is nevertheless more adequate for estimating native and desialylated alpha 1-acid glycoprotein.

False Negative Reactions↗
PubMed1980

Effect of streptozotocin diabetes on sialic acid content and glycoprotein binding of isolated hepatocytes.

The possible correlation between sialic acid content of hepatocyte plasma membranes, and their binding capacity was investigated. For that purpose, [3H] asialotransferrin binding was tested with hepatocytes from both normal and streptozotocin treated rats. The observed decrease in binding capacity was parallel to a decrease in the sialic acid content Insulin therapy restored simultaneously normal blood glucose level, hepatic membrane sialic acid content and binding capacity.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Metabolic studies on isolated hepatocytes of the rat. Examples of application to various physico-pathological problems].

Isolated hepatocytes offer many advantages. Many experiments can be realized with homogeneous cells. Furthermore, if a pathological state or a nutritional deficiency are induced in the whole animals, freshly isolated hepatocytes can be used to evaluate the consequences of such treatment. Gluconeogenesis was studied, using isolated hepatocytes of high protein diet fed rats, partial magnesium deficient rats and streptozotocin diabetic rats Asialoglycoprotein uptake by isolated hepatocytes of normal. streptozotocin diabetic rats with and without insulin treatment was also measured.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Urinary estrone and estradiol levels in the diagnostic presumption of pregnancy (author's transl)].

Urinary estrone and estradiol levels have been measured using an enzymatic method during the late lutheal phase in 17 female volunteers trying for a pregnancy and in 10 patients having a treatment for stimulation of ovulation. The profile of urinary estrogenic excretion appears to be different if a pregnancy started or not during the studied cycle. These patterns allow a good diagnostic presumption before the following missing menses, which can be useful when dealing with women treated for infertility and when plasmatic dosage of hCG or beta hCG cannot be rapidly available.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗