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Biomedical subjects

G Duhamel

Publications and source records attributed to G Duhamel.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[Red cell autoimmunization in a "normal" population. 63 cases (author's transl)].

Anti-red auto-antibodies were found in 69 out of 892 000 blood donors aged between 20 and 60 years, 63 of whom were followed for up to five years. This would suggest an overall incidence of 1 in 13 000 members of a "normal" population. Uncontrolled methyl-dopa treatment could be incriminated in 25% of cases. Only 10% of autoimmune subjects had slight confirmed anaemia, but 72% had biological evidence of red cell destruction (i.e. hyper-reticulocytosis, elevated serum bilirubin levels and shortened red cell life span), which demonstrates the presence of subclinical autoimmune haemolytic disease in apparently normal people. The anti-red cell auto-antibodies were of the IgG type in 97% of the subjects and were associated with various anti-tissue antibodies in 41%, thus pointing to a multisystem autoimmune disorder. In most cases the abnormality persisted or spontaneously regressed during the observation period, but long-term follow-up is required to determine whether asymptomatic red cell autoimmunization is harmless or potentially dangerous.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Studies of immunological status, following autologous bone marrow transplantation in man (author's transl)].

Following transplant, circulating immunoglobulin levels fell moderately and remained depressed less than 2 months for IgG, and for variable and longer periods of time for IgM and IgA. Repeated quantitative determinations of antibodies against multiple antigens did not show any decrease in the pretransplant levels. Indeed some patients developed herpes and cytomegalovirus infections to which they responded by a sharp increase in antibody titers. In 2 cases, a primary immunization was demonstrated (against CMV and BK virus) with increasing levels of IgM and IgG antibodies. Lymphocyte counts in peripheral blood returned to 500 mm# between day 10 and 29 (median day 18) and to pretransplant values within 6 weeks. Non specific stimulation of lymphocytes by mitogens in the immediate post-transplant period showed a decreased response to PHA and Con A, whereas the responses to pokeweek mitogens and alloantigens were only slightly diminished. The degree of the responses was related to the dose of cryopreserved marrow infused. We conclude that:--although the minimum dose for autologous bone marrow transplantation in man is around 0,5 10(8) nucleated bone marrow cells/Kg, much higher doses should be used to ensure faster and better restoration of immune reactivity.--The similarity of the immunological dysfunction following autologous and allogeneous bone marrow transplantation suggest that, in the immediate post-transplant period, the role of GVHD in cellular immunity depression may be minimal.

Bone Marrow Transplantation↗
PubMed1980

[Acute leukaemia during pregnancy: favourable course of pregnancy in two patients treated with cytosine arabinoside and anthracyclines (author's transl)].

A report of two cases of acute leukaemia discovered during pregnancy. The first was treated from the 24th week with cytosine arabinoside, daunorubicine and vincristine and then rubidazone. Only an incomplete remission was obtained. The pregnancy ended with the birth at the 36th week of a normal child, which remains well at the age of 13 months. The second patient received during the 29th week of pregnancy chemotherapy combining cytosine arabinoside and daunorubicine. Signs of foetal distress appeared at 31 weeks. Delivery took place during the 33rd week in a phase of aplasia. The child was born apparently dead and was resuscitated. A complete remission of the leukaemia was obtained. The child was well at the age of 13 months. A transient neutropaenia was noted at the age of 2 months in both children.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Haemolytic anaemia with acanthocytosis and erythrocytic glutathione peroxidase deficiency in severe hepatic diseases. 5 cases (author's transl)].

In 5 patients, haemolysis was intrasplenic. Red cell deformity could be acquired by foreign red cells transfused into the patient. Association of the two abnormalities (acanthocytosis and glutathion peroxydase deficiency) was necessary for the onset of haemolysis. They progressed in parallel and varied in relation with the severity of the hepatic disease. The relationship between these two abnormalities is unknown but would appear to be dependent upon a factor of hepatic origin.

Acanthocytes↗
PubMed1979

[Massive medullary forms of Hodgkin's disease and acute myelofibrosis (author's transl)].

Ten cases of Hodgkin's disease was massive bone marrow invasion. This particular form of the disease is seen either at the outset or in Stage IIIB with a rapid course. It is reflected by a pancytopaenia with poor marrow with little or no superficial nodes. These very atypical forms of Hodgkin's disease must thus always be considered as a possibility in the context of acute malignant myelofibrosis. They indicate a special and unexplained behaviour of the host to the Hodgkin's tumour.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

[Histological lesions of the bone marrow in medullary aplasia. Results of a common protocol on 261 biopsies].

In a cooperative study on bone marrow aplasia, 261 bone marrow biopsies have been examined in triple blind. 13 cases were excluded for technical defect, and 37 cases (17%) excluded for erroneous diagnosis (myelofibrosis or leukemia). It remains 176 first biopsies and 35 second biopsies (10th or 20th month). A quantitative depletion of the marrow was observed in 87% of the cases, but in 13 a rich marrow gave way to discuss the morphological definition of marrow aplasia. Framework lesions (reticulin, vessels, bone) and cytologic modifications (histiocytic or plasmocytic infiltrations) have been appreciated, and their importance in the induction of aplasia and in the prognosis is emphasized. Comparison between first and second biopsy has shown a repletion of the marrow in two third of the cases, the early unfavourable character of reticulinic lesions, and the favourable signification of plasmocytosis. A more complete comparison between marrow histology and other parameters of the study will improve the knowledge of physiopathology and prognosis of marrow aplasia.

Anemia, Aplastic↗
PubMed1978

[Preservation of hematopoietic stem cells by slow freezing and elimination of the heat of fusion].

Previous experiments, in dogs with fresh bone marrow or bone marrow frozen with a modified freezing system have demonstrated a 100% recovery of frozen stem cells, stored for periods up to 5 months. Five patients, three with drug resistant acute leukemia and two with metastic carcinomas, have been treated with a high dose combination chemotherapy regimen (TACC) followed by reinfusion of marrow cryopreserved with the same modified freezing system. Following the reinfusion of marrow, autologous engraftment was demonstrated on bone marrow aspiration between days 5 and 10.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Lymphomas of the spleen and bone marrow lymphoid nodules.

Many nodular primitive non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of the spleen have a favourable course after splenectomy or chemotherapy. Several observations of this type have been reported in the literature, in which the concept of malignancy is discussed, authors referring to a presarcomatous state or to an idiopathic splenomegaly. The evaluation of the extension of those sarcomas, however, very often show hepatic lesions, and always an increase in the lymphoid marrow nodules. The significance of these nodules is discussed here, with reference to 14 personal observations. These nodules may not always reflect a real extension of the sarcoma to the marrow. From a practical point of view, the presence of lymphoid marrow nodules, when associated with an isolated splenomegaly, is a strong argument to suspect a sarcoma of the spleen, and indicates a splenectomy.

Adult↗