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Biomedical subjects

G Drasch

Publications and source records attributed to G Drasch.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Death following administration of 1,250 mg chloroquine in porphyria cutanea tarda].

The death of a 23-year-old female patient is reported. She was being treated for porphyria cutanea tarda (p.c.t.) and was mistakenly given a single dose of 1250 mg chloroquine (instead of the intended dose of 125 mg). The course differed from the typical course of chloroquine toxification, which involves cardiac arrhythmias as the main complication (reported in adults only after much higher doses); in spite of intensive care, this patient died 13 days after the ingestion of chloroquine, in a coma caused by irreversible, acute decompensation of the liver. Forensic autopsy and histological and toxicological investigations confirmed the clinical findings. Starting from the chloroquine's pharmacological mechanism of effect in p.c.t., the severe hepatotoxic effect of this drug in the present case is explained. The authors give a serious warning against exceeding the dose of chloroquine now usually recommended for the treatment of the p.c.t., which is 125-250 mg twice weekly. The presence of chronic porphyria hepatica, at least in its clinically manifest form, (= p.c.t.), should be considered a contraindication for chloroquine in prophylaxis and treatment of other illnesses (e.g. malaria and rheumatism).

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Cadmium body burden of an occupationally non burdened population in southern Bavaria (FRG).

The cadmium body burden of the occupationally non-burdened population in the southern Bavarian area was estimated from the cadmium concentrations in liver and renal cortex, determined by ET-AAS of 263 autopsy cases. A mean value of 17.9 mg cadmium was calculated for all cases and 21.9 mg cadmium for all adults. The body burdens found do not depend on sex but greatly on smoking habits. Mean values for non-smokers are 13.5 mg, for moderate smokers 22.5 mg and for heavy smokers 33.2 mg. The dependence on age is similar to that of the cadmium concentration in the kidney cortex: an increase up to an age of approximately 50 years and a decrease at higher ages. Between the average value we found and the critical body burden calculated by Roels et al. (1983) is a safety factor of 8 to 10, but in some of our cases of middle-aged, heavy smokers this safety factor drops to a value lower than 1. It is concluded that it seems to be imperative to control the further trend of the cadmium body burden in occupationally non-burdened populations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Partial nephrectomy and furosemide in toxic and ischemic nonoliguric acute renal failure in rats.

Reduction of the renal mass causes similar tubulo-dynamic changes as furosemide, e.g., hyperperfusion of the single nephron. Therefore, the effect of 5/6 nephrectomy (NX) and furosemide (F) either alone or in combination was evaluated in nonoliguric acute renal failure, using two toxic (glycerol and HgCl2) and one ischemic model. In the HgCl2 model, NX and F alone had a protective effect on whole kidney function, e.g., the increase in serum creatinine was smaller as compared to control rats. NX plus F was followed by the lowest mortality and the smallest increase in serum creatinine. A significant increase in mercury excretion was observed following NX plus F. In the ischemic model, NX and F had no protective effect-when combined, they even enhanced renal insufficiency. The outcome of animals treated with glycerol is neither modified by F nor by NX, although both interventions induced a significant increase of glycerol excretion. It seems that the beneficial effect of 5/6 NX and F depends on the type of acute renal failure (ARF) and the models used, and that the elimination of a toxic agent is not the common pathway of protection in the HgCl2-and the glycerol-induced ARF.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1980

[Investigations of guaifenesine metabolism with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry].

Recently the authors about toxicological investigations after uptake of guaiacol glyceryl ether containing drugs. There had been detected two intensive pink spots on the TLC from urine samples after detection with Marquis-reagent. It is reported about the identification of Catechol glyceryl ether and Hydroxyguaifenesine via Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry. Until today only the oxidation of guaiacol glyceryl ether to beta-(2-methoxyphenoxy)lactic acid is described. The demethylation of G. is performed by O-Demethylase localized in liver microsomes. This enzyme seems to be the main enzyme for the metabolism of G. It is pointed out to a pharmacologically interesting relationship between the chemical structure of guaiacol glyceryl ether and codeine.

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry↗
PubMed1980

[EEG changes in abuse and addiction of bromide hypnotics [author's transl)].

With bromism we stated a slow EEG-activity. Such alterations of the electro-encephalogram can be caused by urea of bromine, its metabolites and by the inorganic bromide ion. We tried to find out the real effect of the bromide ion which is not bound in the serum. Therefore we only examined the EEG and the bromine serum after the acute influence of the urea of bromine had faded (> 5 days). Patients suffering of disturbances of metabolism or system-diseases, tumors and infections or patients undergoing a medicamentous therapy were excluded from these tests. During the years 1971, 1972 and 1977 we found 26 patients (bromine in serum > 5 mg%) who corresponded to the above mentioned conditions and on whose data the results of our studies are based. 16 patients had very high bromine values (> 24,6 mg%). Most of these patients (10 out of 16) showed paranoid-hallucinatory symptoms. We also stated delirious and depressive attacks. No one suffered of mental dullness. The EEG of 7 patients showed general alterations. With lower bromine values (< 24,6 mg%) we could neither state general alterations of the EEG nor psychotic or delirious symptoms. We didn't observe any paroxysmal disturbance of the EEG. We also didn't notice a acceleration of the EEG, as it was stated with other medical preparations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Significance of hydrocyanic acid formation during fires].

Cyanide concentrations of blood samples from fire victims autopsied in the Institute of Legal Medicine, Munich, have been determined. In 25% of 48 analyzed cases cyanide concentrations from 0.52 microgram to 6.24 microgram Cyanide/ml blood have been detected. These results are compared to former studies and the higher mean level in our collective is emphasized. The importance of hydrocyanid acid in the toxicity of fire gases is evidently greater, than assumed. Hydrocyanic acid may be produced from nitrogen continaing polymers during combustion. The quote of these polymers in clothing, furniture, and also in equipment of cars is increasing. Therefore, it is necessary to take more notice of the formation of hydrocyanic acid during combustion, even though carbon monoxide is in general the main toxic agent in fire gases.

Autopsy↗
PubMed1979

2, 2-Diethyl-4-pentenamide, a sedative of new importance.

The introduction of prescription duty in the F.R. of Germany for bromo-ureas has led to a substitution by 2,2-diethyl-4-pentenamide in some common sedatives. Extraction of this drug and its main metabolite from biological material and detection by TLC and GLC is described. Concentrations is blood and urine are determined after therapeutic dosage and in cases of chronic and acute intoxications including monitoring. Post mortem levels in specimen and body fluids after suicides are reported.

Acetamides↗