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Biomedical subjects

G Delling

Publications and source records attributed to G Delling.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

[Chemotherapy of osteosarcoma (author's transl)].

The cyclic chemotherapy scheme OS I/75 was tried in 6 patients with newly diagnosed osteosarcoma and in 3 patients with secondary metastases. The treatment consists of high dose methotrexate, followed by citrovorum-factor rescue, doxorubicine (Adriblastin) and cyclophosphamide (Endoxan). All 6 primary patients are in a continuous remission of 6+ to 21+ months (median 12+ months). The length of remission in the patients with metastases is 5.5+ and 8+ months. The haematological side effects led to an average prolongation of the cycle by 11 days in a planned cycle duration of 42 days. However, they were readily manageable. Among the other side effects two cases of Adriblastin myocardiopathy are remarkable which became apparent after methotrexate and ifosfamide. In order to improve possibilities for treatment regional centralisation of patient care and interdisciplinary and supraregional cooperation of treatment centres are necessary. A prospective treatment programme has been developed for the Federal Republic of Germany and Austria.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Paget's disease of bone: ultrastructure and cytogenesis of osteoclasts (author's transl)].

The cytogenesis of giant osteoclasts in Paget's disease of bone was studied by means of electron microscopy. 26 iliac crest biopsies were made and divided for light and electron microscopic investigation. A special procedure was used for electron microscopic preparation of bone without previous decalcification. Paget osteoclasts are characterized by their high content of nuclei. Several nuclei may show paracrystalline inclusions pointing to a possible virus infection of these cells. Giant osteoclasts have an increased mobility and a high resorptive activity, manifest by the dissection of bone fragments from endosteal bone surfaces. Cell membrane interdigitations between mononuclear cells and osteoclasts occur as a morphologic concomitant of cell fusion. Frequent occurence of such cell membrane contacts seem to indicate an increased tendency to cell fusion among the mononuclear precursors of Paget-osteoclasts. Precursor cells are located in the pericapillary region, and morphologically resemble pericytes. The assumption of an increased rate of cell fusion amoungst the precursor cells of osteoclasts might explain the development of giant osteoclasts in this disease. Further studies of the paracrystalline nuclear inclusions of Paget-osteoclasts are necessary to determine whether this process can be considered to be a cytopathogenic effect of virus infection.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Advances in the morphological diagnosis of bone tumours: cytology, cytochemistry, acrylate embedding and electron microscopy (author's transl).

An exact morphological diagnosis of bone tumours is the prerequisite for selective treatment. In a given case this may present great difficulties, partly because of the rarity of a tumour group and thus lack of experience, partly faulty removal of the specimen and unsatisfactory further technical handling. Progress can be expected only by widening the spectrum of methods by using modern morphological tests. In a programme using imprint cytology, cytochemistry, rapid section, histochemistry, paraffin, non-decalcified embedding in acrylate and electron microscopy it was demonstrated in 78 cases of bone tumour (seen over a period of two years) that with these tests, especially cytology, cytochemistry and non-decalcified acrylate histology, significant improvement can be obtained in the morphological diagnosis of bone tumours. In addition, new lights on cytogenesis and pathogenesis of these tumours and possible points of attack of cytostatic treatment are provided.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Splenectomy for chronic myeloid leukaemia in the early and late phases (author's transl)].

Splenectomy was perfomed in three patients with typical chronic myeloid leukaemia after a compensated stage had been reached with busulphan. Marked pancytopenia as a result of hypersplenism occurred in one patient 14 months after the end of the primary induction, and was successfully treated by splenectomy after radiotherapy of the spleen had failed. Splenectomy was performed without complication, and the histological appearance of the spleen showed myeloid infiltrates while there was none in the liver biopsy. After another 18 months the patient remained compensated, without busulphan administration. In the two other patients splenectomy was performed in the recompensated stage, one month and five years, respectively, after the primary induction had been concluded. In these two patients, too, there was myeloid infiltration of the spleen. In both, mild leucocytosis with shift to the left as far as promyelocytes occurred six and two weeks, respectively, after splenectomy and busulphan was started again. Twelve and ten months, respectively, after splenectomy they are both in the compensated stage. The importance of splenectomy in the early phase lies in the possibility of delaying blast crisis and avoiding myelofibrosis, as well as in the prevention of complications in the later stages.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Simultaneous occurrence of primary hyperparathyroidism and pituitary Cushing's syndrome (author's transl)].

A case of primary hyperparathyroidism and coincidental Cushing's syndrome of hypothalamic-hypophyseal origin is reported. The hyperparathyroidism was based on an adenoma of the parathyroid glands and produced a severe hypercalcaemia (4.5 mmol/l) and calcinosis of kidneys and lungs. The Cushing's syndrome was caused by a hyperplasiogenic ACTH cell-adenoma of the pituitary which had induced a regulative hyperplasia of the ACTH-dependent zones of the adrenal cortex. The ultrastructure of the zona fasciculata and reticularis showed a conspicuous activation of the steroid hormone-producing organelles. The two endocrine diseases added together in skeleton, heart, duodenum, and pancreas. As a sign of hyperparathyroidism the osteoclastic absorption of the bone was strongly increased, whereas the bone formation was reduced due to the hypercortisolism. The pancreas showed a severe acute recurrence of chronic pancreatitis which was induced by a parathyrotoxic crisis. This was the immediate cause of death.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1976

[Idiopathic hypophosphataemic osteomalacia (author's transl)].

In an adult with sporadic idiopathic osteomalacia an increased phosphate clearance, hypophosphataemia, normocalcaemia, normal serum-25-hydroxycalciferol and an only slightly increased immunoreactive parathormone were found. Intestinal 47Ca absorption was clearly decreased. Radiologically and histologically there was a clear-cut defect of skeletal mineralisation. Under treatment with daily doses of 1-1.25 mg of vitamin D3 the 25-hydroxycalciferol level increased markedly, the immunoreactive parathormone decreased slightly. Serum calcium and hypophosphataemia remained unchanged and intestinal 47Ca absorption was improved. Already 4 weeks after commencing treatment pain and defective gait of the patient disappeared. Radiologically skeletal changes were improved after 7 months. However, histologically no significant bone healing had occurred. The biochemical findings of this disease correspond to those of familial hypophosphataemic (vitamin-D-resistant) rickets. The therapeutic effects of pharmacological doses of vitamin D resemble those in pseudo-vitamin-D-deficient rickets. The pathogenesis of idiopathic osteomalacia of the adult remains unclear. Vitamin D metabolism is unchanged as far as the stage of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol. It is unknown if a disorder of the renal synthesis of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol or a peripheral resistance to the effects of this metabolite exists. In addition a defect of the tubular phosphate reabsorption independent of parathormone and vitamin D is assumed.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Central giant cell granuloma. Histochemical and ultrastructural study on giant cell function (author's transl)].

Multinucleated giant cells in giant cell granuloma are formed by cell fusion of capillary pericytes. In our present study we tried to analyze cell function and activity by histologic, histochemical, and electronmicroscopic examination of giant cells. Lysosomal enzymes such as acid phosphatase and amino-peptidase were found in giant cells which is in agreement with former work. By their lysosomal system giant cells are proved phagocytic. In addition, giant cells being localized at trabecular surfaces of newly formed woven bone may develop osteoclastic functions. The enzymatic and funcational resemblance of giant cells and multinucleated osteoclasts points to the possibility of a similar cytogenesis of both cell types.

Bone Resorption↗
PubMed1976

[Immunoreactive parathyroid hormone, 25-hydroxycalciferol and bone histology in renal osteodystrophy (author's transl)].

Immunoreactive parathyroid hormone (iPTH) and 25-hydroxycalciferol (25(OH)D) serum levels were determined in 32 patients with renal osteopathy, they were correlated with the results of bone biopsy and other clinical parameters. iPTH was closely related to bone histology, it did not correspond to serum calcium and alkaline phosphatase, but the correlation to serum phosphate was statistically significant. 25(OH)D levels were not related to the histological findings of osteomalacia or increased bone resorption, while a correlation between the vitamin D metabolite and serum calcium could be observed. Since iPTH and 25(OH)D levels exhibited a significant correlation, an inhibitory effect of 25(OH)D on parathyroid gland function in renal failure was discussed.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1976

Endodermal sinus tumour of the ovary: a comparative light and electron microscopic study.

An endodermal sinus tumour of the ovary from a 12 year old girl is analysed light- and electron microscopically. The histological appearance is characterized by glandular-papillary structures and microcystic-reticular areas with inclusion of occasional endodermal sinuses. By electron microscopy immature and highly differentiated cells can be distinguished. In analogy to certain structures in the human yolk sac the most differentiated cells in the tumour are regarded as neoplastic endoderm. On the basis of transitional forms between immature and differentiated cells a development of the latter from the former is suggested. The cells in mesenchyme-like areas differ from those of solid and glandular parts merely in the degree of cytoplasmic differentiation but are otherwise believed to represent the same "cell line". In addition to other possible cell functions the cytoplasmic features of the differentiated cell indicates a protein synthesis and secretion. From our observations it is concluded that the endodermal sinus tumour originates from germ cells and differentiates into yolk sac endoderm. The ultrastructural differences between this tumour and clear cell carcinomas of the ovary are discussed.

Cell Membrane↗
PubMed1976

[Central giant cell granuloma: histochemical and ultrastructural study on its histogenesis (author's transl)].

Until now numerous studies on central giant cell granuloma of jawbones have not been able to reveal the histogenesis of this tumourlike lesion. The aim of the present investigation in two surgically proven cases was to study this question by means of histochemical and electron-microscopic methods. Rather similar histochemical properties were shown in giant cells and pericytes of capillary sproute penetrating the granuloma. Cell fusion occurred between both cell types as was observed by electron microscopy. The process of cell fusion is defined by characteristic interdigitations of cell membranes. Therefore pericytes are believed to be the stem cells of multinucleated giant cells in giant cell granuloma. The abundance of giant cells usually occurring in the granuloma might be explained by plenty of capillary sprouts made up by clusters of pericytes. The factors inducing the pericytic cell fusion process are still unknown. The question arises whether cytogenesis of giant cells in giant cell granuloma might be similar in other giant cell lesions or even in the development of multinucleated osteoclasts.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[The effect of long-term calcitonin administration on bone cells and bone mineralization in the rat (author's transl)].

The effect of calcitonin on bone tissue was studied in rat cortical and trabecular bone after long-term treatment. The aim of this study was to get exact data on calcitonin action on bone tissue by histomorphometry. Histomorphometric analysis of bone alterations was performed using undecalcified longitudinal as well as grounded cross sections of the tibial metaphysis and diaphysis. In agreement with other authors our experimental results show that calcitonin inhibits clasts but by a reduced cellular resorption activity of osteoclasts. Bone formation is not affected by calcitonin in intact as well as in parathyroidectomized animals. On the contrary bone mineralization is clearly improved under calcitonin administration in parathyroidectomized rats. This favourable effect is probably caused by a direct hormonal influence on calcium transport in the osteoblast.

Animals↗