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Biomedical subjects

G Davis

Publications and source records attributed to G Davis.

277 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Relationship between plasma propranolol concentration and dose in young, healthy volunteers.

The relationship between dose and bioavailability of propranolol was determined in 12 healthy male subjects. The doses employed were 10, 40, 80 or 160 mg of propranolol HCl given three times daily for 4 days. Daily minimum plasma levels showed that there was no accumulation of the drug. In all subjects, non-linear relationships were observed between peak plasma level, or area under the plasma concentration-time curve, and dose. The between subject variation of these parameters was not dose related.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of angiotensin II and vasopressin on renal haemodynamics.

A comparison was made of the vascular actions of two hormones having a renal site of action, angiotensin II and vasopressin, using laser Doppler flowmetry to measure perfusion of the cortical and papillary regions of the kidney. Angiotensin II infusion caused dose-related increases in blood pressure and reductions in cortical perfusion, the latter responses being potentiated in the presence of the converting enzyme inhibitor, cilazapril. However, angiotensin II had no effect on papillary perfusion either before or following cilazapril. The reasons for this differing vasoconstrictor ability of angiotensin II at the cortex and papilla are unclear, but it could be due to medullary generation of prostaglandin or bradykinin. Administration of equipressor doses of vasopressin caused graded reductions in both cortical and papillary perfusions, and subsequent cilazapril significantly enhanced the papillary responses. This study demonstrates that the regulation of blood flow through the different regions of the kidney can be differentially regulated by the peptide hormones angiotensin II and vasopressin.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Birth centre or labour ward? A comparison of the clinical outcomes of low-risk women in a NSW hospital.

A number of birth centres were established in New South Wales as a result of the Shearman Report (NSW Health Department 1989). The objective of this study was to compare the obstetric outcomes, primarily caesarean section rates, of low-risk women presenting in spontaneous labour to the birth centre with those attending the hospital's conventional labour ward. The study showed that there was no significant difference in the caesarean section rate between the groups (3.5% in the birth centre and 4.3% in the labour ward). We suggest that the site of birthing does not affect clinical outcomes for low-risk women at this hospital. These results are relevant to contemporary clinical practice as they question the basis upon which birth centres have been popularised, that is, the medicalisation of birth in conventional labour wards increases intervention rates.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A pilot study of the prevalence of herpes genitalis among selected groups of patients seeking care in a family practice center.

Herpes genitalis is typically studied in patient panels identified at specialized sexually transmitted disease clinics or with information obtained from herpes self-help groups. This article reports the results of a descriptive pilot study of the prevalence of herpes genitalis in family practice. The feasibility of obtaining psychosexual information on sexually transmitted diseases from more than 600 patients from five family practice practices was assessed. These initial data show that in the family practices participating in this study: 1) genital herpes is a low prevalence disease; 2) psychosocial adjustment to the disease among infected persons is usually reported as good, apart from sexual effects; and 3) close to 30% of the study population reported having prior sexually transmitted diseases. Problems involved in generalizing the results of this research and the limitations of conducting collaborative clinical research in family practice settings are reviewed.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Functional ambulation in myelodysplasia: the effect of orthotic selection on physical and physiologic performance.

The metabolic demands of ambulation in a reciprocation gait orthosis (RGO) were compared with those in conventional bracing (hip-knee-ankle-foot orthosis) and wheelchair use in eight myelodysplastic children. Heart rate was significantly increased during swing-through gait compared with that during wheelchair use (p less than 0.01). Oxygen consumption studies showed a significant increase in swing-through gait over that in wheelchair use. These values for RGO use approximated wheelchair use. These results suggest a more favorable prognosis for long-term functional ambulation in higher-level myelodysplastic patients if they are fitted with an RGO.

Adult↗