Biomedical subjects

G Dahl

Publications and source records attributed to G Dahl.

93 records · Page 6Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Urinary pH and plasma levels of salicylate after administration of different buffered acetylsalicylic acid formulations.

In a controlled cross-over study comprising eight healthy subjects of effervescent acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and an experimental ASA formulation were compared with unbuffered ASA and placebo concerning effects on the urinary pH within a dosage interval after 2 days' medication with 3 g ASA daily. The effects on the urinary pH were related to the morning plasma salicylate concentrations observed. Both the buffered formulations significantly increased the median pH of the period studied compared to unbuffered ASA, the effervescent by 1.5 units and the experimental by 0.6 units. Unbuffered ASA significantly decreased the median pH compared to placebo. Those subjects with the most acidic urine during placebo treatment showed the most pronounced pH elevations due to effervescent ASA. The plasma salicylate concentration was significantly lower with the effervescent formulation compared with unbuffered ASA, but there was no statistical difference between the experimental tablet and unbuffered ASA. The variable effects on the urinary pH and the plasma salicylate concentrations induced by the two buffered preparations are explained by the different absorbabilities of the buffering agents included. The results presented are consistent with recommendations not to use bicarbonate-containing ASA formulations continuously when high plasma levels are desirable.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A multi-institutional retrospective study of intracranial ependymoma in children: identification of risk factors.

PURPOSE: The goal of this multi-institutional retrospective study of children with intracranial ependymoma was to identify risk factors associated with unfavorable overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Clinical data, including demographics, tumor location, spread, histology, details of surgery, radiation treatment, and chemotherapy were collected. Clinical characteristics and univariate and multivariate analyses of risk factors for OS and EFS are presented. RESULTS: Eleven U.S. institutions contributed 83 patients treated from 1987 to 1991. The OS at 5 and 7 years was 57% and 46%, and EFS at 5 and 7 years was 42% and 33%. Patients 3 years of age or younger differed from the older group by more common infratentorial location, less common gross total resection (GTR), and postoperative use of chemotherapy rather than radiation. This younger group of patients had worse survival (P < 0.01) than the older age group. Other than young age, less than GTR and World Health Organization (WHO) II grade 3 histology were significant adverse risk factors for EFS in univariate and multivariate analyses. OS shared the same adverse risk factors except for histology in multivariate analysis, which was only of borderline significance (P = 0.05). Progression at the original tumor location, present in 89% of patients, was the major pattern of tumor recurrence. Adjuvant chemotherapy in the group older than 3 years or craniospinal radiation in M0 patients did not significantly change EFS. CONCLUSIONS: Adverse outcome in childhood intracranial ependymoma is related to age (3 years or younger), histology (grade 3), and degree of surgical resection (less than GTR). New approaches, particularly for local tumor control in younger patients, are needed to improve survival.

Brain Neoplasms↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Transfer of orally or intravenously administered proteins to the milk of the lactating rat.

Lactating rats were given a test solution containing various marker proteins via oral or intravenous routes. Using immunoprecipitation methods for the detection of ovalbumin (OvA), bovine serum albumin (BSA), and bovine gammaglobulins (BIgG) and radioimmunoassay for the analysis of beta-lactoglobulin (beta-LG), these proteins could be found in the blood serum and the milk of the rat 6 h after administration. A specific distribution pattern between the serum and the milk was observed for each protein. The results show that orally fed dietary proteins are able to cross the gut of the lactating rat and can be found in the serum and the milk. It was also observed that oral feeding of the proteins resulted in relatively greater concentrations in the milk than did intravenous administration. This very early presentation to the young of antigenic macromolecules derived from the mother's diet might be of importance for the development of a proper immunological response to common food antigens.

Administration, Oral↗