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Biomedical subjects

G D Parbrook

Publications and source records attributed to G D Parbrook.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Comparison of two techniques for sedation in dental surgery.

Forty-eight patients were randomised to receive sedation of outpatient dental surgery with midazolam. Sedation was given using the Verrill technique (24 patients) and the Glasgow Dental Hospital technique (24 patients). The differences in recovery and patient acceptability were assessed. There was no statistical difference in mean recovery times between the two groups. Memory function was examined using the Warrington memory test. Fewer patients in the Verrill group recalled the injection of local anaesthetic but they demonstrated memory defects 4 hours after sedation for words and 3 hours for faces. The Glasgow Dental Hospital group demonstrated memory defects for words up to 2 hours following sedation, but not for faces at any time. Thirty-eight patients would have dental surgery again with similar sedation. The dental surgeon found conditions for surgery inadequate in two patients. In view of the shorter duration of amnesia we recommend the Glasgow Dental Hospital technique.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Comparison of i.v. sedation with midazolam and inhalation sedation with isoflurane in dental outpatients.

I.v. midazolam was compared with inhalation sedation using isoflurane in 80 dental outpatients. Preoperative anxiety was comparable in both groups and decreased after operation to similar values. The dental surgeon and the patients rated the techniques as equally satisfactory. Midazolam produced faster induction of sedation (P less than 0.001) and more amnesia for the injection of local analgesic (P less than 0.001), whereas isoflurane produced more euphoria (P less than 0.01) and quicker recovery (P less than 0.001). The incidence of postoperative side effects was similar in the two groups.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1988

Comparison of the effects of subanaesthetic concentrations of isoflurane or nitrous oxide in volunteers.

A cross-over trial was performed in 12 volunteers to compare the relative potency of 25% nitrous oxide and 0.4% isoflurane when breathed for a period of 20 min. Oxygen was used as a control. The effects were observed for 35 min after drug administration. Choice reaction time, ability to tap two areas on a board and ability to perform mathematical problems were significantly impaired when inhaling nitrous oxide, the maximum effect being obtained within 5 min. With isoflurane, the effects were significantly greater than with nitrous oxide. The effect obtained after 15 min inhalation was greater than that at 5 min. Tests returned promptly to the base line after the discontinuation of the test agent. Subjective assessments were made using a series of eight visual analogue scales. Results of the scales represented by physical and mental sedation indicated that 0.4% isoflurane was more potent than 25% nitrous oxide. Significant effects were detected up to 15 min after the inhalation of the agent was stopped. Subanaesthetic concentrations of isoflurane warrant further study in patients undergoing dental treatment in which a rapid recovery from sedation is important.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

A comparison of teaching by script and slides with audiotape and slides.

A comparison was made of the teaching of physics and clinical measurement to postgraduate anaesthetists using a set of twenty audiotape slide programmes and the corresponding scripts of the tape with the slides. Twenty-four anaesthetists participated in a cross-over design trial. Assessment by pre and post-test MCQs showed a significant increase in knowledge from 37.5% to 75.9% in the script and slide group and from 38.3% to 71.7% in the audiotape slide group. An interim programme questionnaire assessing immediate recall of knowledge gave figures of 93.6% and 92.1% for the two groups respectively. The results indicated that the two teaching techniques were equally effective and analysis showed that student ranking was maintained. An opinion questionnaire revealed that the two techniques were equally acceptable to the students. As in previous studies the anaesthetists preferred the audiovisual teaching to formal lectures and the teaching assessments were of special value in indicating parts of the programme content which had been less effectively taught and required upgrading.

Anesthesiology↗
PubMed1981

The microcomputer in self-assessment for examinations in anaesthesia.

A series of 30 multiple choice questions were modified for presentation on a microcomputer which was programmed to present them to the user and mark them. In a preliminary study, 15 trainee anaesthetists all agreed the system was satisfactory as an aid to preparation for the FFARCS.

Anesthesiology↗
PubMed1979

Anaesthetic pollution in the dental out-patient surgery.

Five factors influencing pollution in the dental surgery are considered. Despite leakage from round the mask and from the mouth, scavenging can remove the majority of expired anaesthetic. The effectiveness of scavenging can usefully be monitored with a Wright respirometer. Spillage of anaesthetic vapour at induction and at the end of anaesthesia must be avoided. In addition to scavenging, pollution levels are minimised if a Boyle's type machine is used and excessive fresh gas flow avoided. Room ventilation, e.g. extract fans in windows, is vital in reducing pollution levels in the surgery. Room size and non-uniformity of ventilation must also be considered.

Air Pollution↗
PubMed1977

The interrelation of personality and postoperative factors.

A composite statistical analysis was made of the results from four trials comprising patients undergoing upper abdominal operations. It revealed a marked correlation between the neuroticism score as measured by a personality inventory before operation and the percentage vital capacity impairment found after operation. Neuroticism correlated also with pain as measured by a visual analogue scale. The vital capacity impairment and subjective pain readings were interrelated and both neuroticism and vital capacity impairment were related to the chest complication rate. Personality assessment before operation can identify one group of patients who will have marked pain and limitation of vital capacity after operation.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1976

Influence of anaesthetic technique on postoperative pain. A comparison of anaesthetic supplementation with halothane and with phenoperidine.

Fifty male patients undergoing elective surgery for duodenal ulcer received either phenoperidine or halothane 0.5% for the supplementation of anaesthesia. The patients in the phenoperidine group required the first postoperative dose of analgesic later and had lower pain scores in the first 2 h after operation. In the course of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd days, the two groups of patients showed a similar pattern after operation with regard to pain scores, vital capacity impairment and oxygen tension measurements.

Adolescent↗