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Biomedical subjects

G D Morgan

Publications and source records attributed to G D Morgan.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Characterizing pregnant drug-dependent women in treatment and their children.

Alcohol and other drug use during pregnancy represents a major public health concern. This article characterizes a sample of 240 pregnant opioid- or cocaine-dependent women enrolled in the initial residential component of a comprehensive substance abuse treatment program for pregnant women. Data were collected using the Addiction Severity Index, Psychosocial History Form, and Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R. Patients' substance use history, psychiatric comorbidity, social support network, employability, current and previous pregnancies, child custody arrangements, and the father of the current pregnancy, are described to assist providers in tailoring treatment to the specific needs of this population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Weight loss, psychological, and nutritional patterns in competitive male body builders.

There has been increasing interest in the effects of chronic dieting and of repeated cycles of weight loss and regain in athletes. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the eating and weight loss practices, nutrition, and psychological factors in 45 male body builders competing in a drug-free competition. Subjects completed a questionnaire on the morning of a body building competition to assess the weight loss and dietary history, psychological distress, reports of binge eating, and vitamin and mineral supplement usage. The subjects reported high levels of dieting, weight loss, and weight regain. The mean weight loss reported in the competitive season was 6.8 kg; the mean weight gain reported was 6.2 kg. Eighty-five percent reported gaining weight while 46% reported episodes of binge eating after competitions. Most (81.5%) reported being preoccupied with food sometimes, often, or always. Between 30 and 50% reported psychological distress when preparing for competition (anxiety, short temper, anger). A similar number (30-50%) reported using amino acid, protein, and vitamin supplements. It appears that severe dieting practices are common in the sport of competitive body building. The potential physiological, psychological, and health implications of these practices, combined with the growing popularity of body building, are of sufficient importance to warrant further attention by investigators and the body building community.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Methods, successes, and failures of smoking cessation programs.

Addictive and conditioning processes interact to make cigarette smoking a common, lethal behavior that is highly resistant to change. In addition to addiction and conditioning, smoking is maintained by a wide range of forces, ranging from social modeling and advertising to the politics and economics of international trade. Parallel to this wide range of causes of smoking, interventions to encourage smoking cessation range from simple information and suggestions to smoking cessation classes, to nicotine replacement, to community or national campaigns that promote nonsmoking. Clinicians can make contributions throughout this range of activities, from the consulting room to political advocacy. While no one of these is highly successful on its own, together they have prompted almost 50% of smokers to quit, an impressive accomplishment.

Behavior Therapy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Reaching midlife and older smokers: tailored interventions for routine medical care.

BACKGROUND: Although older adults can achieve significant health benefits from smoking cessation, few programs have specifically targeted this population. This study tested the effectiveness of an office-based smoking cessation program tailored to midlife and older smokers. METHODS: This paper describes a randomized controlled trial comparing usual care with physician-delivered brief quit-smoking advice and counseling for midlife and older smokers (ages 50-74). Outpatient medical practices assigned to the Immediate Intervention (experimental) condition were trained to deliver brief quit-smoking advice and counseling. Delayed Intervention (control) practices followed usual care procedures. Thirty-nine practices accruing five or more patients per practice were included in the analyses. RESULTS: Using conservative measure of quitting, self-reported quit rates at 6-month follow-up were 15.41% for the Immediate Intervention group versus 8.16% of subjects in the Delayed Intervention group (P < 0.005). Baseline subject (N = 659) characteristics related to 6-month abstinence included number of previous quit attempts, quitting for 24 hr in the past year, desire to quit, confidence in quitting, perceived health benefits, and lower nicotine dependence. CONCLUSIONS: Smoking abstinence was significantly increased by training physicians and key office and clinical staff to intervene with older smokers. Brief interventions are tailored to this age cohort can be successfully and efficaciously integrated into routine care.

Age Factors↗