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Biomedical subjects

G Creatsas

Publications and source records attributed to G Creatsas.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Prostaglandins: PGF2 alpha, PGE2, 6-keto-PGF1 alpha and TXB2 serum levels in dysmenorrheic adolescents before, during and after treatment with oral contraceptives.

Ten adolescents with primary dysmenorrhea (PD) were treated with the oral contraceptive (OC) Lyndiol 2.5 mg (R) for one cycle. The levels of PGF2 alpha, PGE2 and the metabolites of PGI2 and TXA2: 6-keto-PGF1 alpha and TXB2 were tested by a radioimmunoassay method during the 1st and 23rd day of the pre-treatment cycle (PrTC), the 23rd day of treatment (TC) and the 1st day of the post-treatment cycle (PoTC). The ratios PGF2 alpha/PGE2 and TXB2/6-keto-PGF1 alpha were also tested and compared during the above-mentioned days. Analytical comparison was made, for each Prostaglandin (PG) separately, between the 1st day of the PrTC and PoTC as well as the 23rd day of the PrTC and TC, respectively. All PG levels during TC and PoTC were found significantly lower, compared to those of the PrTC respectively. With regard to the ratios mentioned above, no statistically significant differences were found on the same days and cycles as previously stated. The reduction of the PG levels in PD patients after treatment with oral contraceptives, together with an improvement of the clinical findings of the disease, support the theory that oral contraceptives can be used for the treatment of PD cases, especially for those adolescents who also desire a contraceptive method.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
PubMed1990

The validity of gynecological ultrasonography.

The present study was undertaken to examine the reliability of the sonographic diagnosis in 705 gynecological patients. The determination of the lesions was defined according to the operative diagnosis. The sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value of the ultrasound technique were evaluated using the surgical findings as 'gold standard'. In 631 patients (89.5%) the ultrasound examination established a correct diagnosis. The sensitivity and specificity of the ultrasound examination varied between 75-95.3% and 93.3-100%, respectively. The positive predictive value was found between 89.7 and 100%, while the false sonographic results were 10.4%, which included those of ectopic pregnancies. It is thus concluded that ultrasonography as compared to the surgical findings has proved to be of great value in establishing a gynecological diagnosis.

Adnexal Diseases↗
PubMed1985

Treatment of anaerobic female genital tract infections with metronidazole.

Intravenous metronidazole was given to 12 patients with severe genital tract infections. Nine of them suffered from acute salpingitis or pelvic inflammatory disease and the remaining three from acute endomyometritis following cesarean section. Metronidazole was the only antimicrobial agent given to 4 patients. In the remaining eight, treatment had been started with other drugs such as gentamicin and/or penicillin, and metronidazole was added two to five days later. Blood cultures and cultures taken from the cervical os or pus of abscesses had previously shown either anaerobic or mixed pathogens. All patients recovered well. No severe side effects were observed during metronidazole therapy. To study the pharmacokinetics of metronidazole the drug was administered intravenously or orally. The levels of the drug in the menses and cervical mucus of 25 healthy women were tested using the agar diffusion method. The concentration of the medication in the menses and mucus was found to adequately inhibit in vitro the most commonly anaerobic pathogens found in female genital tract infections.

Bacteria, Anaerobic↗
PubMed1983

Treatment of chronic prostatitis by consecutive per os administration of doxycycline, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, and cephalexin.

Fifty men with cytologically confirmed chronic prostatitis were treated for 3 months by consecutive p.o. administration of doxycycline, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, and cephalexin. The subjective symptoms, palpatory findings, secretory capacity of the accessory genital glands (values of acid phosphatase and fructose in the seminal plasma) were evaluated. The cytologic findings from the expressed prostatic fluid and semen analysis before and after the treatment were also studied. Approximately 60% of the patients were cured of the subjective symptoms. The palpatory findings disappeared in 50% of the cases. The cytologic findings became normal in 70% of the patients (inflammatory cells less than 25/HPF). The secretory function of the prostate and the seminal vesicles was improved in 50% and 25%, respectively, of the patients, and the quantitative and qualitative motility and viability of the spermatozoa after treatment were significantly enhanced.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1982

Colposcopic patterns and their histopathologic correlation.

White epithelium, mosaicism, punctation, and atypical vessels are internationally used colposcopic terms describing an atypical transformation zone. Other morphologic findings are surface contour, clarity of demarcation, and tone of whiteness with or without atypical vessels. In the State University of New York at Buffalo affiliated hospitals, 665 cervical and vaginal atypical colposcopic patterns of 552 patients were matched with their histologic findings. Mosaicism, punctation, and white epithelium correlated with the histologic diagnosis of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in 43%, 55%, and 42% of the cases, respectively. When white epithelium accompanied the mosaicism or punctation, the incidence of histologically confirmed vaginal and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia raised to 66% and 68%, respectively. In patients with prenatal DES exposure, mosaicism rarely (17%) correlated with the histologic findings of vaginal and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Overall, there was a great variability in the correlation depending on the specific colposcopic abnormalities.

Cervix Uteri↗
PubMed1981

Bacterial contamination of the cervix and premature rupture of membranes.

The endocervical flora was examined in 32 women with premature rupture of membranes (PROM). Sixty-six pregnant women served as controls. Ten patients with PROM who later developed chorioamnionitis were also included in the study. Samples for culturing were obtained from the endocervix on admission and at delivery and later from the fetal surface of the placenta. Blood for culturing was also taken in cases of chorioamnionitis. The total number of bacteria in the endocervix and placenta was higher in patients with PROM. Anaerobes were the most common, except for the fetal surface of the placenta, where aerobes were found in greater numbers. Cultures of blood from women with chorioamnionitis were positive in seven cases. These findings suggest that the high incidence of pathogenic or potentially pathogenic cervical bacteria in pregnancy is related to chorioamnionitis and PROM.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1981

Cytologic, colposcopic, and histologic correlation in young females.

The purpose of the reported study was to correlate the cytologic and colposcopic patterns with the histopathologic diagnosis. This was accomplished in 81 young females who underwent direct colposcopic biopsy because of suspicious appearance of the cervix and abnormal or suspicious cytology. Among them 17 were intrauterine DES-exposed females. The results of our study showed that the white epithelium plus punctuation, punctation alone, white gland openings, mosaism, white epithelium plus mosaism, white epithelium, and atypical vessels were the mot common findings compatible with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Cytology and colposcopy together as diagnostic procedures were the most suitable and successful combination for the diagnosis of CIN in young patients with suspicious appearance of the cervix.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Clindamycin phosphate in the treatment of endometritis due to anaerobic bacteria.

Treatment of endometritis due to anaerobic pathogens demands early isolation and identification of the offending pathogen by the appropriate culture and optimum use of antibiotics according to the sensitivity test. Clindamycin phosphate has been used as a highly active antibiotic against both gram-positive and gram-negative anaerobic pathogens, including bacteroides fragilis. The concentration of clindamycin phosphate in blood from the uterus was tested in 30 women after administration of one single dose (600 mg) intramuscularly. The levels of clindamycin in the above-mentioned tests state how samples were compared with the minimal inhibitory concentration of the offending anaerobic pathogens in cases of endometritis.

Anaerobiosis↗
PubMed1980

A study of the kinetics of cephapirin and cephalexin in pregnancy.

The kinetics of cephapirin and cephalexin were studied in 60 pregnant women after the administration of single 1 g doses of the antibiotics given by the intramuscular and oral route, respectively. Maternal serum, amniotic fluid and cord serum concentrations were measured at intervals after the dose by the agar diffusion method. The results showed that the mean peak concentration of cephalexin in maternal serum, after 1 hour, was significantly greater than that of cephapirin. Both antibiotics crossed the placenta barrier and reached levels in the amniotic fluid and cord serum adequate for the in vitro inhibition of pathogens involved in materno-foetal infections.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1980

Ampicillin and gemtamicin in the treatment of fetal intrauterine infections.

The optimum clinical results in the treatment of fetal intrauterine infections are obtained by the administration of the appropriate antibiotic, which reaches an adequate concentration in the fetal serum. The pharmacokinetics of ampicillin and gentamicin were studied in 60 pregnant women. Ampicillin and gentamicin were given intramuscularly prior to cesarean section. At delivery maternal serum, amniotic fluid and cord serum antibiotic levels were tested. Assays of the levels of antibiotic were performed by agar diffusion method using Staph. aureus A.C.T.C. 25923 (American Type Control Collection) and E. coli N.C.T.C 1346, as standard organisms. During peak time, concentration of ampicillin in the maternal serum was found to be significantly higher than those of the amniotic fluid and cord serum (p less than 0.001). Peak levels of the antibiotic in the amniotic fluid was also significantly higher than in the cord serum (p less than 0.001). Our results, also showed that the determined levels of ampicillin, especially during peak time, are sufficient to inhibit in vitro, a high proportion of infecting pathogens in the maternal serum and amniotic fluid, but have little effect against organisms in the fetal serum. Concentration of gentamicin in the maternal serum during peak time was found higher than those of the amniotic fluid, but there was not a significant difference. Maternal serum peak levels of the drug were also higher than in cord serum, with a very significant difference (p less than 0.001). Maximum levels of gentamicin in amniotic fluid were higher than in cord serum, also with a very significant difference, (p less than 0.001). Gentamicin levels in amniotic fluid and fetal serum, especially, during peak time, would be adequate to inhibit in vitro the most common pathogens, sensitive to the drug.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Gentamicin in the treatment of lower genital tract infections: level of the drug in menses, cervical mucus and vaginal fluid.

The concentration of gentamicin in serum, menses, cervical mucus and vaginal fluid of 39 women under treatment with this antibiotic (80 mg every 8 hr i. m.) was tested by the agar diffusion method. The levels of the drug in the serum varied from 1.88-5.41 micrograms/ml with a peak one hour after the last dosage. In the menses the levels ranged from 2.06-5.87 micrograms/ml with a peak also one hour after the last dosage. The concentration of gentamicin in the cervical mucus and vaginal fluid varied from 0.67-5.14 micrograms/ml and 0.63-6.43 micrograms/ml with a peak three hours after the last administration of the drug. Results are briefly discussed.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1978

Leucocyte alkaline phosphatase activity during high risk pregnancies.

142 determinations of leucocyte alkaline phosphatase (LAP) activity have been done in 103 cases of high risk pregnancy. A statistically significant elevation of LAP score has been found in high risk pregnancies due to diabetes mellitus, toxaemia, renal diseases and third trimester haemorrhage, but not in pregnancies complicated by cardiac disease, chronic hypertension, Rh sensitization or anaemia.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1978

Acute appendicitis complicating pregnancy.

Seventeen cases of acute appendicitis complicating pregnancy were analysed. The presenting symptoms were abdominal pain, nausea and anorexia. The usual physical findings were direct abdominal tenderness and rectal tenderness. Correct diagnosis was more difficult when gestation was advanced. This was reflected both by the severity of the disease process found at operation and by the increasing foetal mortality rate. Delay in diagnosis and treatment is the main factor causing high maternal and foetal death rates, especially when pregnancy is advanced.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Breast cancer markers during normal pregnancy.

AIM: To measure MCA and CA153 concentrations in maternal serum (MS) and amniotic fluid (AF) paired samples during normal pregnancy, in order to evaluate the usefulness of these markers in monitoring pregnant patients with a history of breast cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Serum and AF MCA and CA153 values were measured in 20 pregnant women during the 1st trimester, 29 cases in the 2nd, 26 in the 3rd and 20 at parturition and compared with those of 20 healthy, age-matched, non pregnant women (controls). RESULTS: MS values of MCA increased significantly with gestational age (p < 0.0001), being higher in the 3rd trimester and in labor than in control values (p < 0.0001). MCA values in AF were remarkably higher than those in MS and increased significantly with advancing gestation (p < 0.0001). In contrast, CA153 values in AF, which were marginally higher than in MS, did not differ significantly with the progression of pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS: Maternal serum MCA values are significantly influenced during pregnancy. Thus, this marker seems to be reliable only during early pregnancy. In contrast, CA153 remains a useful marker in monitoring pregnant breast cancer patients.

Amniotic Fluid↗