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Biomedical subjects

G Cotrozzi

Publications and source records attributed to G Cotrozzi.

67 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Hyperinsulinism and insulin resistance in polycystic ovarian syndrome: a verification using oral glucose, I.V. Glucose and tolbutamide.

Twenty-six female in-patients, aged 14-34 years, suffering from polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) were investigated. Sixteen normal women, matched with patients for age and weight, were used as controls. Both glucose and insulin curves and areas, insulin/glucose area ratio [insulin resistance index (IA/GA)] were studied by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), i.v. glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) and tolbutamide test (TT). Plasma insulin and insulin area values of the patients were significantly higher than those of controls. Insulin/glucose area ratios were significantly higher in patients when compared to controls. A correlation was found in some patients (subgroup A) between insulin/glucose area ratio and urinary dehydroepiandrosterone output after the TT. The presence of hyperinsulinism and insulin resistance in our patients suffering from PCOS was confirmed even in the absence of obesity. A relationship between androgens and hyperinsulinism and insulin resistance may thus be confirmed in patients with PCOS.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Circadian variations of plasma somatostatin levels in healthy subjects.

The plasma levels of somatostatin-like immunoreactivity, growth hormone and insulin were measured using a RIA method in healthy volunteers every 4h during the day and every 2h at night, without waking the subjects. In the waking state the fluctuation of plasma somatostatin-like immunoreactivity level only occurred near to meal time. A marked episodic surge of plasma SLI (peak value, 127.25 +/- 4.40 pg/ml (mean +/- ES)) was noted at 0200 in the initial period of slow wave sleep (SWS) 2h after the peak of GH. Insulin showed no sharp peak and its pattern was unrelated to other two hormones studied. A positive correlation was observed between SLI and GH in plasma using the mean cosinor method: the acrophase of SLI was at 0018 about 1h later than GH (at 2315). The acrophase of insulin occurred at 1525, significantly different as compared with the previous two. From these findings, it is concluded that SLI in peripheral plasma fluctuates with a significant circadian rhythm and a nychthemeral maxima as GH and that, whatever its source, that it is related to plasma GH and not to plasma insulin.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Role of the liver in the regulation of glucose metabolism in diabetes and chronic liver disease].

The liver plays a major role in the regulation of glucose metabolism: plasma glucose concentration is the result of peripheral glucose utilization and liver production. Several hormones, including insulin, glucagon, growth hormone, cortisol, and catecholamines contribute to the regulation of glucose metabolism by the liver. In this review, we examine hepatic glucose metabolism, in particular the actions of insulin and contrainsular hormones on glucose hepatic uptake and production in patients with diabetes or chronic liver disease. The most frequent patterns of hepatic involvement that take place during diabetes, i.e. nuclear glycogenesis, steatosis, portal fibrosis, and diabetic steatonecrosis, are discussed. Also considered are anomalies of glucose homeostasis observed in chronic liver disease, including glucose intolerance, diabetes, and hypoglycemias. There is a strong correlation between diabetes mellitus and the liver: diabetic patients have typical histological lesions, while several glucose metabolism alterations are commonly found in subjects with chronic liver disease. The pathogenesis of impaired glucose metabolism during chronic liver disease has not yet been fully understood: further clinical and experimental studies should clarify this issue.

Chronic Disease↗