Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

G Choudhuri

Publications and source records attributed to G Choudhuri.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Gastric ascariasis.

Despite the ubiquity and varied manifestations of Ascaris lumbricoides infestation in man, gastric ascariasis is rare. Herein, three patients are described all of whom presented with features of chronic intermittent gastric outlet obstruction caused by roundworms inhabiting the stomach. The ascarides were demonstrated in the stomach by radiology in two patients and by endoscopic examination in one. The possible explanations for the rarity of "gastric ascariasis" include the "housekeeping" peristaltic activity and the acid milieu of the stomach.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

A study of dietary intake in pre- and post-menstrual period.

A prospective double-blind clinical trial was conducted in 11 young, healthy, normally menstruating female subjects to detect any quantitative difference in energy intake in the proliferative and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle over two cycles. Energy intake was found to be significantly higher in the premenstrual phase in both menstrual cycles.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Acanthosis nigricans associated with adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder.

We present a case of malignant acanthosis nigricans in association with primary adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder. The extreme rarity of the association is noted and discussed in light of the relevant literature and the suggested pathogenic mechanisms of malignant acanthosis nigricans.

Acanthosis Nigricans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Endoscopic ultrasonographic evaluation of the rectum in cirrhotic portal hypertension.

Rectal endoscopic ultrasonography was performed using an ultrasound fiberscope in 20 patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension (6 alcoholic patients, 4 patients with hepatitis B surface antigen positive, and 10 cryptogenic patients) and in 10 patients with irritable bowel syndrome as controls. Rectal varices were diagnosed endoscopically when either tortuous or saccular distended veins were seen beneath the mucosa. At rectal endoscopic ultrasonography rectal varices were seen as rounded or oval echo-free structures in the submucosa. Rectal endoscopic ultrasonography also showed perirectal veins outside the rectal wall. Rectal varices were detected by endoscopy in 9 patients and by rectal endoscopic ultrasonography in 17 patients. Rectal endoscopic ultrasonography also detected submucosal veins in 3 of 10 controls. The number and size of submucosal veins seen on rectal endoscopic ultrasonography in patients with portal hypertension were greater than in controls (p < 0.01 for both number and size). The size of perirectal veins was greater in patients than in controls (p < 0.05), although their number was no different (p = NS). A perforating vein communicating between a submucosal and perirectal vein was seen in only one patient. Rectal wall thickness was not different in patients and controls (p = NS). Rectal endoscopic ultrasonography was superior to endoscopy in detecting the presence (85% versus 45%, p < 0.01), and number (p < 0.01) of rectal varices. Our study suggests that rectal endoscopic ultrasonography is useful in detecting changes in rectal and perirectal vasculature in patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Management of idiopathic Budd-Chiari syndrome with primary stent placement: early results.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the utility of primary stent placement in the management of Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) secondary to idiopathic inferior vena caval (IVC) obstruction. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The case records of nine patients (four women, five men), ranging in age from 22 to 58 years (median, 26 years), with idiopathic IVC obstruction were reviewed. Hepatosplenomegaly, esophageal varices, and prominent collateral veins were found in all patients, while four also had ascites. Hepatic functional reserve was graded as Child class A in three patients and class B in the remaining six. All had at least one patent hepatic vein opening into the IVC below the site of occlusion. Percutaneous angioplasty of the IVC was performed, followed by the placement of double-skirt Gianturco-Rösch or hybrid Gianturco stents. Clinical follow-up was supplemented with duplex ultrasound (n = 8), endoscopy (n = 4), and cavography (n = 2). RESULTS: Caval lesions were segmental. Revascularization was technically successful in all patients. The median pressure gradient across the lesion dropped from 38 mm Hg (range, 27-61 mm Hg) to 15 mm Hg (range, 10-20 mm Hg) (P = .008). Residual stenosis after stent placement ranged from 9% to 40% (median, 20%). One patient died of presumed pulmonary embolism; another patient experienced an episode of epistaxis. The procedure was followed by regression of signs and symptoms in the eight survivors. During the follow-up period (range, 3-31 months; median, 7 months) the IVC remained patent in all patients, and clinical features of BCS did not recur. CONCLUSION: Primary stent placement could serve as the first line of treatment in patients with idiopathic BCS when the underlying lesion is not amenable to angioplasty.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Genetic polymorphisms in GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTP1, GSTM3 and the susceptibility to gallbladder cancer in North India.

The glutathione S-transferase (GSTs) are polymorphic supergene family of detoxification enzymes that are involved in the metabolism of numerous potential carcinogens. Several allelic variants of polymorphic GSTs show impaired enzyme activity and are suspected to increase the susceptibility to various cancers. To find out the association of GST variants with risk of gallbladder cancer, the distribution of polymorphisms in the GST family of genes (GSTT1, GSTM1, GSTP1, and GSTM3) were studied in 106 cancer patients and 201 healthy controls. Genotypes were analysed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). The frequencies of GSTM1 null and GSTM3*BB genotypes did not differ between patients and controls. The overall frequency of GSTT1 null was lower in cases as compared with controls (p=0.003, Odds ratio (OR) = 0.2, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.1-0.6). After sex stratification, the GSTT1 null frequency was reduced only in female patients (p=0.008, OR = 0.2, 95% CI = 0.1-0.6). However, the GSTP1, ile/val genotype and the val allele were significantly higher in cases than controls (p=0.013, OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.1-3.1; p=0.027, OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.0-2.1), respectively. To study gene-gene interactions, a combined risk of gallbladder cancer due to ile/val or val/val were calculated in combination with null alleles of GSTM1 and GSTT1 or the *B allele of GSTM3, but there was no enhancement of risk. Gallstones were present in 57.5% of patients with gallbladder cancer, but there were no significant differences between allelic/genotype frequencies of the studied GST genes polymorphisms between patients with or without gallstones. To best of our knowledge, this is the first paper showing ile/val genotypes and val allele of GSTP1 to be associated with higher risk of gallbladder cancer.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Association of lymphocytic (microscopic) colitis with tropical sprue.

Lymphocytic (microscopic) colitis is a disease of unknown aetiology which manifests as long-standing intermittent diarrhoea. Diagnosis is confirmed on histological examination of the colon. An association of this uncommon disease with tropical sprue is described. Tetracycline therapy resulted in a favourable clinical response.

Biopsy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Geographic variations in structure and composition of gallstones and their correlation with brittleness.

Cholesterol gallstones obtained from different geographic regions have been reported to show significant differences in their minor chemical constituents. We undertook the present study with two objectives: (i) to investigate the possible physiochemical and radiological differences between cholesterol gallstones obtained from Indian and German patients; and (ii) to compare the brittleness of the two stone groups. Forty Indian and 36 German gallstones (matched in size and shape) were subjected to assessment of physical characteristics, in vitro computed tomography (CT) and chemical analysis. German stones more often had a stone density distribution index of > or = 50 Hounsfield units (HU) (26 vs 14; P < 0.01), peripheral calcification (18 vs 9; P < 0.02), maximum CT density > or = 90 HU (17 vs 9; P < 0.05) and significant calcium carbonate (9 vs 5; P < 0.05), compared to Indian stones. The in vitro lithotripsy performed with the Siemens Lithostar Plus machine at a constant energy level showed the German stones to be more brittle (easy to fragment), more often requiring < 1000 shocks for fragmentation (25/36; 69%) compared to Indian stones (18/40; 45%, P < 0.05). Gallstones from different geographic regions may show significant variations in their physicochemical characteristics that may explain the differences in their brittleness to lithotripsy.

Calcinosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Polarizing microscopy of partially dissolved gallstone powder: a simple technique for studying gallstone composition.

A quick and reliable method for estimating the proportion of constituents of a stone may be useful in determining the prevalence of chemical type of gallstones in different geographic areas or ethnic groups. Chemical and infrared spectroscopy estimation facilities are not commonly available in many parts of the world and visual inspection may not be reliable for scientific purposes. To investigate whether identification of microcrystalline solids in partially dissolved stone powder could accurately predict the chemical nature of the gallstone we undertook a blind study on 40 samples of gallstones and compared our results with those of visual inspection and quantitative infrared spectroscopy. There were 29 cholesterol stones (mean cholesterol 83.4 +/- 7.5%), six intermediate cholesterol stones (mean cholesterol 48.0 +/- 21.2%) and five pigment stones (mean cholesterol 14.3 +/- 4.3%) as determined by quantitative infrared spectroscopy. Microscopic examination of partially dissolved gallstone powder in ethanol correctly identified all 29 cholesterol gallstones (sensitivity 100%, specificity 92%), four of six intermediate cholesterol stones (sensitivity 67%, specificity 100%) and all five pigment stones (sensitivity 100%, specificity 97%). It also detected microspheroliths of calcium carbonate in 14 of 16 calcium carbonate containing gallstones (sensitivity 88%, specificity 100%). The chemical grouping of stones on the basis of microscopic examination was correct in 37 (93%) of 40 samples and was especially useful in identifying 'intermediate' cholesterol stones which cannot be recognized by visual inspection. Thus microscopic examination of powdered gallstones appears to be a simple and reliable method of determining gallstone composition.

Bilirubin↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Gastroenterology and the Internet.

BACKGROUND: The Internet has come to play a significant role in health care across the world. Simple specific how-to-use information about the Internet for Gastroenterologists is lacking in the literature. AIM: To explain the origin, functions, use and impact of the Internet and to provide a list of important web site addresses related to Gastroenterology. METHODS: We undertook a detailed scan of the Internet and identified a large number of web sites pertaining to Gastroenterology. The sites were then thoroughly searched to evaluate their potential usefulness to Gastroenterology clinicians and researchers. A list of web site addresses were then compiled according to specific sub-areas of Gastroenterology. CONCLUSION: This overview of Internet and compliation of important web site addresses is expected to stimulate and instruct Gastroenterologists in the use of the Net in health care delivery and research. The list of web sites according to subspecialities provided in this article is expected to facilitate their search.

Gastroenterology↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Is immunoproliferative small intestinal disease uncommon in India?

Till date only three series of immunoproliferative small intestinal disease (IPSID) describing 22 patients have been reported from India. Seven patients with IPSID in two tertiary referral centers in India are included in the study. Diagnosis was based on typical clinical features [diarrhoea (7/7), weight loss (7/7), clubbing (6/7), fever (3/7), abdominal pain and lump (3/7)], biochemical evidence of malabsorption and duodenal biopsy findings. All patients were young males (mean age 29.8 +/- 11.8 years, range 17-53). Atypical features included gastric involvement (1/7), colonic involvement (1/7) and appearance of pigmented nails following anti-cancer chemotherapy (1/7) which disappeared six months after omitting doxorubin from chemotherapy regimen. Parasitic infestation was common. Ascaris lumbricoides (1/7), Giardia lamblia and hookworm (1/7), Strongyloides stercoralis and Trichuris trichura (1/7). In the latter patient S. stercoralis became disseminated after anti-malignant chemotherapy. One patient had gastric H. pylori infection. Four of the seven patients who were misdiagnosed as tropical sprue were treated with tetracycline. This raises doubt on efficacy of tetracycline alone in treatment of IPSID. One other patient was misdiagnosed and treated as intestinal tuberculosis. Early diagnosis and administration of chemotherapy may improve survival in this disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pseudoaneurysm of gastroduodenal artery associated with mitral valve prolapse presenting as haemobilia.

Pseudoaneurysms of the hepatic or gastroduodenal arteries may cause Haemobilia. Mitral valve prolapse associated with mycotic pseudoaneurysm of cerebral and extracerebral arteries have been reported. We report a case of gastroduodenal artery pseudoaneurysm presenting as haemobilia. The patient was successfully treated with indigenously fabricated steel coil embolization followed by surgery.

Adolescent↗