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Biomedical subjects

G Chomette

Publications and source records attributed to G Chomette.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Periodontal diseases in adults. Immunohistochemical study of inflammatory cells and of collagen].

An immunohistochemical study was performed on 9 gingival biopsy specimens from patients suffering of a periodontal disease comparatively to 7 control specimens from patients with inflammatory gingival hyperplasia of various causes and from healthy gums. We used mono or polyclonal antibodies as markers of the different types of inflammatory cells (T-1 lymphocytes and their subsets, B-lymphocytes, macrophages, plasma cells). In patients with periodontal disease, the high percentage of transformed T-lymphocytes with a majority of helpers was obvious. In controls, the inflammatory cells were principally B-lymphocytes, macrophages and plasma cells. The characterization of different types of collagen produced by periodontal fibroblasts was performed by specific antibodies (anti I, III, V collagen sera). The respective ratio and the topographic distribution of those collagen substances were different in patients with periodontal disease and controls. In the first eventuality, one could find quite exclusively type I collagen. In the other group, type I collagen was associated with type III sub epithelial and type IV perivasor ar collagen. By means of these findings, the pathogenesis of the periodontal disease was discussed and its immune mechanism was suggested.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1986

[Renal and digestive amyloidosis and Behçet's disease. Apropos of a case].

The authors report the case of a 33-year old male Tunisian who, 7 years after the onset of complete Behçet's disease (diagnosed on international criteria) developed a nephrotic syndrome diagnosed as renal amyloidosis on histological evidence. Attenuation of Congo red staining by potassium permanganate pointed to AA type amyloidosis. Despite treatment with colchicine and cyclophosphamide the patient's condition deteriorated. Amyloid deposits were found in a small bowel biopsy performed for persistent diarrhoea. The patient died 3 years after amyloidosis was diagnosed. The authors have reviewed the literature concerning this exceptional association: in all cases where it was typed the amyloidosis was AA. Attention is drawn to the failure of colchicine in this patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Effects of estradiol and promegestone on human breast cell cultures. An ultrastructural study.

Effects of estradiol (E2) and promegestone (R 5020) were tested on primary cultures of epithelial human breast cells prepared from surgical specimens of reduction mammoplasty. Comparative morphological studies were performed by means of transmission and scanning electron microscopy in cells without any hormonal adjunction and in those previously treated with E2 or E2 + R 5020. The results were as follows: In basal medium used as control the majority of epithelial cells, although well-differentiated, remained flat with few microvilli, well-developed Golgi apparatus and rough endoplasmic reticulum, was obvious. R 5020 added with E2 increased differentiation of epithelial cells covered with scarce long and branched microvilli, but reduced the turn-over of young cells. E2 seemed to generate more active proliferation of cells. R 5020 inhibited this effect and induced a higher differentiation of mammary epithelial cells.

Breast↗
PubMed1986

[Classification of angiodysplasias and vascular tumors].

Numerous vascular dysplasiae belong to the group of genodysplasiae. Most arteriovenous dysplasiae (cirsoid, racemosum aneurysms,...) are the substratum of various regional "angiomatosis". Stenotic or ectatic arterial dysplasiae can be associated with genodysplasiae. In addition, lymphatic dysplasiae (congenital elephantiasis, etc...) also exist. Among benign tumours, angiomas are sometimes hardly distinguishable from dysplasiae. Some tumors with intermediate malignancy have an uncertain prognosis: chemodectoma, hemangiopericytoma. As for malignant vascular tumours, they fall into 3 varieties: angiosarcoma, Kaposi's sarcoma and sarcoma of vascular walls.

Angiomatosis↗
PubMed1986

[Neural tumors of the tongue. An anatomicoclinical study apropos of 13 cases].

During the ten last years, 13 neural tumors of the tongue have been observed in the department of stomatology and maxillo-facial surgery of Salpêtrière Hospital Paris (Prof. J.M. Vaillant): 4 amputation neuromas, 5 benign schwannomas, 1 malignant schwannoma, 2 neurofibromas and 1 multiple endocrine syndrome type III. The authors analyze the clinical and histological data from these case-reports; they point out difficulties encountered in the diagnosis, and the prognostic problems brought up by such infrequent lesions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Potential course of lesions of the ascending aorta in dystrophic aortic insufficiency].

Dystrophic aortic insufficiencies represent at present time an important etiology of operated on pure and voluminous aortic regurgitations (n = 95, i.e. 28.1% of cases followed by our working team). The valvular dysplasic lesions by which they are characterized were associated in 2 out of 3 cases with parietal lesions of the ascending aorta: annulo-ectasic disease (n = 42) or important non-aneurysmal dilatation of the ascending aorta (n = 20). However, these valvular dysplasias may also appear isolated in an aorta morphologically normal at peroperative examination (n = 33). Among the 42 patients suffering from, annulo-ectasic disease (group 1) the type of surgical correction varied with the period of operation. Valvular replacement isolated (n = 3, group 1 a) or associated with aortic supracoronary surgery (n = 17, group 1b) were the procedures before 1978. Since then, 22 patients (group 1c) had a total replacement of the ascending aorta were subjected to valvular interventions (19 replacements, 1 valvuloplasty). When performed, parietal biopsy of the aorta showed in 11 out of 15 cases signs of cystic medio-necrosis. After a delay of 53 +/- 40 months, 11 out of 20 patients of group 1a and 1b died, 5 of them from the evolution of lesions at the ascending aorta (3 ruptures and 2 dissections); one patient was reoperated 12 years after the placing of a supracoronary tube, because of the development of a voluminous aneurysm of the sinuses of Valvalva which initially were only simply dilated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Approach to age determination based on dental morphological criteria obtained in microradiography, stereomicroscopy and scanning electron microscopy].

The determination of the age owing to the morphology of permanent teeth has been done in 14 men and women, using criteria proposed by Gustafson. It was faithful, the difference between age determined by this method and the true age of these patients being never superior to 3 years. The application of scanning electron microscopy allows to improve some of the criteria used for this determination, especially that based upon the dentinal senescence.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Tissue lesions in dental displacement].

Following the observation of alveolar, periodontal and dental lesions following dental displacement, the authors performed histological examinations. Lacunae of root resorption were observed in the pressure zones. The ligamentous fibres were less organised and, when strong pressures were exerted, they became parallel to the tooth. Osteoclasts and bone resorption were observed in the alveolar bone. Osteoblasts and bone apposition were observed in areas of stretched ligaments. These tissue reactions were not always reversible; dental displacement should be considered to be a high risk procedure.

Alveolectomy↗
PubMed1986

[Odontogenic myxoma. A histoenzymologic and ultrastructural study. Apropos of 5 cases].

The myxoma of the jaws represent 8% of the odontogenic tumours in our series (324 cases). The 5 cases described here were studied by histoenzymological and electron microscopic methods. The first method demonstrated in the majority of tumoral cells a high level of activity of alkaline phosphatases and ATPases similar to that noted in odontoblasts of the dental pulp. In addition, an acid phosphatase activity was also present in numerous cells but usually at a low intensity. Ultrastructurally, the tumour was composed of 3 main cellular types: young round cells with numerous ribosomes; stellate secretory cells with well-developed granular ergastoplasma and Golgi apparatus; fusiform cells with characteristics of fibroblasts. Some macrophages and myofibroblasts were also present. The intercellular substance was granulofilamentous and in one of our cases calcifications were obvious upon some collagen fibers. All these results seem to corroborate the hypothesis of odontogenic nature of the tumour. Early odontogenic induction induces the transformation of fibroblasts into cells with enzymatic activities similar to those of odontoblasts and the calcification of collagen fibers seen in one of our cases would express an early mineralization.

Esterases↗
PubMed1986

[Basal cell adenoma of the parotid. An ultrastructural study].

The monomorphic basal cell adenoma of parotid gland is a rare tumor of salivary glands. Its diagnosis is difficult with adenoid cystic carcinoma. In the case reported here, a peculiar type named membranous adenoma, the thickness of basement membranes, their penetration inside the epithelial lobules, form true cylinders as in adenoid cystic carcinoma. The histoenzymology and the electron microscopy provide important diagnostic arguments: activity of alkaline phosphatases lower than in cystic adenoid carcinoma; cells of adenoma more differentiated (epidermoid or secretory cells) than those of cystic adenoid carcinoma. The prognosis of the tumor is good, though recurrences may occur.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1986

[Merkel-cell tumor associated with a spinocelluar epithelioma. Apropos a case report].

One case of Merkel cell carcinoma is reported in a 71 years-old woman. Lately treated by surgical excision (14 years after the occurrence of the tumour), this tumour was already associated with inguinal lymph node metastases. Its evolution was lethal within 3 months after local recurrence, cutaneous and visceral (lung, liver) metastases. This tumour, characteristic histologically and ultrastructurally (secretory granules), was accompanied by an infiltrative epidermoid carcinoma. This association and the presence of cytokeratin in tumoral Merkel cells are arguments for the common origin of keratinocytes and neuroendocrine Merkel cells from a common young epithelial cell.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[Essential and iatrogenic gingival hyperplasia. Its morphology and significance].

11 specimens were carried out in patients with idiopathic gingival hyperplasia (3 cases), gravidic hyperplasia (1 case), iatrogenic hyperplasia (5 cases after cyclosporin A administrated in patients with cardiac grafts, 2 cases after treatment by Adalat). By optic microscopy, the deep collagen base is thickened, associated sometimes to an inflammatory process. By histoenzymology, the fibroblasts have high activities of their oxidative enzymes and also of the enzymes of protein synthesis. The electron microscopy corroborates the numerous globular fibroblasts with well-developed rough endoplasmic reticulum. These results prove the main role of fibroblasts in these lesions and the etiopathogenesis of this hyperplasia is discussed.

Adolescent↗