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Biomedical subjects

G Chomette

Publications and source records attributed to G Chomette.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Conjunctival biopsy in Sjögren's syndrome: correlations between histological and immunohistochemical features.

We have examined conjunctival biopsies from nine primary and two secondary cases of Sjögren's syndrome. In all cases histopathological examination revealed metaplasia of the conjunctival epithelium associated with a reduced number of goblet cells and a polymorphic inflammatory cell infiltrate of the stroma. Using monoclonal antibodies with texture analysis of stained preparations we have shown that in all cases the lymphocytic infiltrate was predominantly T-cell but with substantial numbers of IgA and IgG secretory B-cells in three cases. The number of Langerhans cells present was reduced in biopsies showing the most marked degree of epithelial metaplasia.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Prevalence and causes of long-lasting hepatic dysfunction after heart transplantation: a series of 80 patients.

The long-term follow-up of 80 heart transplant patients (70 men, 10 women) from January 1982 to July 1985 who had received cyclosporine (CsA) showed a high incidence of mild to severe liver dysfunction. Fifty patients (62.5%) had long-lasting postoperative biological disturbances (alanine amino transferase greater than 2N and/or alkaline phosphatase greater than 1.5N for 3 months or more). Most patients were asymptomatic; eight were icteric, and one had arthralgia. The most common biological feature consisted of isolated elevation of ALAT (27 cases). Assessment of causes led to a definite etiology in 42 patients: 7 cardiac failure, 13 HBsAg-positive liver disease (26%) (chronic persistent hepatitis 8, chronic active hepatitis 2, subacute necrosis 2). Fourteen patients (28%) sustained non-A, non-B (NANB) hepatitis (chronic persistent hepatitis 5, chronic active hepatitis 1, cirrhosis 1), and 7 (14%) sustained a drug-related hepatitis. Liver biopsy and complete virus screening was contributive to the diagnosis in nearly all patients. Additionally, prolonged impairment of liver function tests occurred in 62% of heart transplant recipients, mostly during the first 6 postoperative months. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and NANB hepatitis accounted for 26% and 28% of the cases of liver dysfunction, respectively; drug-induced hepatitis may have been involved in 14% of the cases. Complete hepatitis virus screening should be performed before heart transplant and in any case of abnormal liver function posttransplantation. HBV vaccination prior to heart transplant is recommended in HBsAg- and HBcAb-negative candidates for heart replacement. Long-term follow-up of these patients is mandatory to assess the severity of these liver dysfunctions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Immunopathology of the labial salivary glands in Sjögren's syndrome and other autoimmune diseases].

73 minor salivary gland biopsies (lip biopsy) were performed in patients with primary and secundary Sjögren's syndrome and other collagen diseases without sicca syndrome were studied by means of immunohistochemistry. The results were compared to those obtained in sarcoidosis, sialadenitis and normal glands. In all cases of Sjögren's syndrome and of other sialadenites, we could note predominance of T-lymphocytes with an increase of T-Helpers and a T-suppressor ratio superior to 1. Besides, HLA-DR antigen was present in all the activated cells of lymphocytic infiltrates, in endothelial cells and in some epithelial ductal and acinous cells around the infiltrates. This method cannot permit to differentiate Sjögren's syndrome from the other sialadenites. But, it is very useful to appreciate the evolutivity of the disease (increase in B-lymphocytes in the initial period and in evolutive phases) and to detect its change into pseudolymphoma (polyclonal cells with increase in B-cells) and into malignant lymphoma (usually monoclonal B-lymphocytes proliferation).

Autoimmune Diseases↗
PubMed1988

[Subacute infectious endocarditis in the elderly. Retrospective study of 33 cases].

The authors reviewed 33 cases of infectious endocarditis in patients over 65 years of age and classified according to Von Reyn's diagnostic criteria. Twenty-four patients had organic valvular disease, 4 had a prosthetic valve, and in 4 cases the diagnosis of the murmur was uncertain. Positive blood cultures were obtained in 79 p. 100 of cases. The commonest infecting organism was the streptococcus (21 out of 26). In 11 patients, it was a Group D streptococcus and a recto-sigmoid colonic tumour was found in 3 cases. A dental portal of entry was suspected in 55 p. 100 of patients and this should guide the choice of prophylactic antibiotic therapy. The initial choice of antibiotic had to be changed in 19 patients, usually because of poor tolerance. Eight patients died and one underwent valve replacement within two months of hospital admission.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Contribution of nuclear magnetic resonance in right atrial angiosarcoma. Apropos of a case].

A 25-year old female patient was admitted to hospital for respiratory failure with pulmonary miliary. Subsequently, clinical signs of pericardial tamponade developed. Echocardiography showed a tumour of the right atrium. Malignancy of the tumour was strongly suspected on the basis of magnetic resonance findings. At surgery, the tumour could not be removed and multiple biopsies showed that it was an angiosarcoma with metastases in the lymph nodes and the lungs, the latter presenting as carcinomatous miliary. This case is of interest because of the unusual way the tumour was discovered with a possible alternative diagnosis of cardiac tuberculoma, and because of the usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging to diagnose cardiac tumours and evaluate the extension of those which are malignant.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Restoration of the alveolar crest with a biomaterial filler. A clinical and histological study].

The implantation of biocompatible hydroxyapatite is used for human mandibular ridge augmentation in edentulous patients. Histologically, we studied such a material after a long period of implantation (1 1/2 to 2 years) in two patients. The histologic study showed a narrow meshed net of collagen tissue surrounding the hydroxylapatite particles. In the periphery of that tissue, we could see an osteogenesis: the bony trabeculae thus formed firstly were made of an immature bony matrix with an irregular "woven" pattern; secondarily, a mature bone, quite similar to the normal bone, occurred. In our two observations, there was an unusual inflammatory reaction characterized by cellular infiltration of lipophages, lymphocytes and plasma cells in the connective tissue and in one case by a true ischaemic necrosis with granuloma and bacteria. In spite of that inflammation, the whole material was well tolerated, without foreign-body granuloma. Such a granuloma was only found in superficial areas of the gingiva, around extruded particles of the biomaterial.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Fibroblasts of the normal human periodontium. Morphology and functional behavior in lattice collagen].

In this preliminary report, we studied human periodontal normal fibroblasts cultured on a fibrillary tridimensional net of collagen (lattice). As demonstrated by scanning and transmission electron microscope, cells were closely binded to this fibrillar net. They kept their functional activities (oxidatives enzymes, leucine aminopeptidase). As seen in monolayer cultures by immunocytochemical methods, the majority of these cells secreted type I collagen (70 to 80% of them: 15 to 25% secreting type III collagen). Besides, the capacity of retraction of collagen lattices, quite similar to that of skin lattices, was expressed by a decreasing curve up to the 8th day. In order to study the possible role of fibroblastic biological changes in periodontal disease, later on we shall compare the characteristics of normal fibroblast to those of fibroblast taken in periodontal disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Angiosarcoma of the breast associated with contralateral carcinoma. Apropos of a case report].

One case of angiosarcoma of the right breast and concomitant controlateral carcinoma in a fifty nine year old woman is described. Clinical and pathological particularities of this case are shortly discussed. In spite of very poor reputation associated with angiosarcoma, size of the two lesions (less than 2 cm) and their good differentiation suggests a favourable prognosis.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1987

Systemic polyarteritis nodosa diagnosed at hysterectomy.

A 61-year-woman was referred because of declining general health. A diagnosis of uterine malignancy was suspected on the basis of uterine enlargement and an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Hysterectomy was performed, and histologic examination revealed necrotizing vasculitis affecting the ovaries, fallopian tube, and uterus. Muscle biopsy showed typical periarteritis nodosa lesions. Despite the scarcity of such cases, the incidental finding of necrotizing arteritis in a surgical uterine specimen warrants further investigation to determine if the vasculitic process is localized.

Female↗