Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

G Chomette

Publications and source records attributed to G Chomette.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Splenic involvement in infectious endocarditis. 5 clinical cases and 78 necropsies].

Splenic involvement is a classical complication of infective endocarditis (IE). Clinical manifestations are rare, 5 out of 100 IE: unexpected rupture (1 case), abscess causing reinfection (2 cases), pseudo-tumour (1 case) and terminal infarction (1 case). In addition to a review of the literature, a post mortem histological study of the spleen of 78 cases of IE was undertaken. Splenic involvement did not seem to be the direct cause of death. Three types of lesions which may or may not be associated were observed: congestive inflammatory lesions, infarction (48 p. 100), abscess (6 p. 100). Splenic infarction usually results in scarring but may progress to abscess formation. Rupture was not observed in this autopsy series. Although splenic involvement is common at post mortem it gives rise to few symptoms. Persistant pyrexia and the appearance of local signs should lead to investigation of splenic complications and eventually, to surgical ablation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Kaposi's disease. Form with lymph node manifestation in a young African. Difficulty in the initial diagnosis and relation to dysimmune lymphadenitis].

The authors report a case of Kaposi's sarcoma in a 38-year-old Malian. Onset occurred one year after an episode of febrile polyadenopathy with histologic features suggestive of immune dysfunction lymphadenitis. Diagnosis of Kaposi's sarcoma was firmly established only following occurrence of secondary skin lesions. This case exemplifies the diagnostic problems raised by those forms of Kaposi's sarcoma which present as lymph node involvement. In the index case, the authors discuss the significance of the initial polyadenopathy, and speculate whether it was an initial stage of Kaposi's sarcoma or an immune dysfunction lymphadenitis preceding onset of the sarcoma. If the second hypothesis is correct, this case would be comparable to reports of Kaposi's sarcoma arising in hosts with immune dysfunction.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Systemic calcific emboli in calcified aortic valve diseases. Apropos of an anatomical case].

Following the death of a patient with calcific aortic stenosis and complete heart block, five days after surgical replacement of the aortic valve, the autopsy demonstrated multiple calcific emboli in the brain, surrounded by hemorrhagic necrosis. Coronary, renal and splenic emboli were also found. This article discusses the incidence and topographical distribution of these emboli as well as the complications to which they may give rise.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Malignant histiocytosis. An anatomic study of 6 cases with atypical clinical manifestations].

The six cases of malignant histiocytosis reviewed in this article all presented with unusual manifestations (muscular masses, renal failure, dysenteriform syndrome, neurological symptoms, or isolated splenomegaly). With one exception, correct diagnosis was only made post mortem. In addition to the usual hematological localizations, the autopsy revealed unusual topographical features in each case, explaining the atypical clinical manifestations.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Diffuse eosinophilic fasciitis (Shulman's syndrome). Apropos of a case disclosed by spinal cord compression].

The case of Shulman's syndrome reported in this article is unusual, because of the topography of the lesions and the lethal course. The perivertebral fasciitis, which was pseudotumoral in appearance, induced a myelomalacia by compression of the cervical spinal cord. In addition, the autopsy revealed severe tissue eosinophilia, cutaneous sclerodermiform sclerosis and pharyngoesophageal lesions unusual in this disease. The pathogenesis of the syndrome is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Superoxide dismutase treatment of 2 cases of radiation-induced sclerosis].

Two patients with severe radio-induced necrosis were treated with bovine copper superoxide dismutase encapsulated in lysosomes (SOD). Two milligrams were injected subcutaneously every other day. This therapy was apparently effective on radio-induced inflammation and fibrosis. These are preliminary results that need confirmation. They suggest that SOD is useful, not only before radiation exposure, as a preventive, but also after exposure, as curative treatment for radiation injury.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Ameloblastic fibrosarcoma of the jaws--report of three cases. Clinico-pathologic, histoenzymological and ultrastructural study.

The ameloblastic fibrosarcoma is a rare variety of neoplasm. Three new cases reported here occurred within preexistent benign odontogenic tumors (ameloblastic fibroma or fibro-odontoma). These large, osteolytic tumors, spreading to adjacent soft parts, recurred after surgical treatment in two cases. One of them had a lethal course, with pleuro-pulmonary, mediastinal lymph node and hepatic metastases. Histologically, these sarcomas show a malignant mesenchymal component and few benign ameloblastic islands, which often disappear after one or several recurrences. Histoenzymologically, a high level of alkaline phosphatase and ATPase activities is always present, a feature not present in common fibrosarcomas. The ultrastructural study demonstrates, in analogy with odontogenic myxomas, clear cells provided with numerous microfilaments, secretory cells and also some fibroblasts and myofibroblast-like cells. In addition to these pleomorphic cells, a great number of peculiar granular cells with numerous lysosomal bodies were also found. The histogenesis of these tumors in unknown. Perhaps the epithelial component, being unable to assume its functions of organization, may initiate the malignant transformation of its odontogenic mesenchyme.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1983

[Anatomopathology of inflammatory arteriopathies. Peculiar aspects of giant cell arteritis].

The authors discuss a large series of biopsy and necropsy findings in patients with giant cell arteritis (Buerger's thromboangiitis, Horton and Takayasu's diseases), and then in patients with other forms of arteritis with an inconstant plasmodial factor, such as the Chürg and Strauss syndrome, Wegener's disease, the pseudo-sarcoidosis form of lymphomatoid granulomatosis. The histology, correlated when necessary with ain immunofluorescent study, was completed by a topographical and evolutional study of the lesions in all cases. The pathogenesis of these different forms of arteritis is discussed in the light of the ultrastructural data concerning the formation of the various types of giant cell and the methods of identification of the vascular walls.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[Salivary gland myoepithelioma. Histological, histoenzymological and ultrastructural study].

One case of myoepithelioma of the submandibular gland is reported. The tumor was composed of mixed spindle-shaped and plasmacytoid cells. The electron microscopy showed intracytoplasmic myofilaments, with variations in number and in repartition from one cell to another. Histoenzymologically, ATPasic and alkaline phosphatase activities could not be demonstrated in these poor differentiated myoid cells. Usually, the tumor has a good behavior. It represents a rare tumor (7 cases - 0,8% - in a retrospective study of 850 salivary gland tumors). Without demonstration of myofilaments by ultrastructural analysis, the diagnosis of such a tumor is very difficult. Taking into consideration new concepts about the myoepithelial cell, the histogenesis of this neoplasm is discussed.

Female↗
PubMed1983

[Diffuse gingival plasmacytoma. Apropos of an case with an immunofluorescence and electron microscopy study].

A 5.1/2-year-old girl presented with an isolated diffuse gingival hypertrophy and an abnormal mobility of teeth (alveolysis on roentgenograms). The diagnosis of a plasmacytoma was suspected after pathological and immunohistological examinations of a gingival biopsy. Plasma cells were secreting monoclonal immunoglobulins (heavy chain IgA and light chain lambda), quite different from polyclonal secretions of a reactive plasmacytosis. The electron microscopic study demonstrated polymorphic plasma cells (well-differentiated, dysplastic or undifferentiated cells). The isolated nature of this tumor was confirmed by biological tests and radiological investigations. The extremely rare diffuse gingival locations of extraosseous solitary plasmacytomas was proved by a review of the published litterature. The evolution of such gingival tumors is unknown. It seems to be variable, and, perhaps, diffuse myelomas may develop later on (as in other sites of extra-osseous solitary plasmacytoma).

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1983

[The accessory salivary glands in Sjögren's syndrome. Histological and ultrastructural study. Correlations with sialographic changes in the principal glands].

139 salivary gland biopsies have been studied in patients with Sjögren's syndrome. Histologically, we classified labial salivary gland injuries (127 cases) in 3 groups based on striated duct distension: first, some tubular ectasia with few interstitial lymphoid cells; second, much ectasia associated with many lymphoid cells and early pericanalar sclerosis; third, intensive ectasia, scarce lymphocytes, severe peri and intralobular sclerosis and extensive destruction of acini. This grading is positively correlated with that of parotid biopsies and also with abnormalies on 60 parotid sialographic radiogramms performed simultaneously. Histoenzymological and ultrastructural studies demonstrate, at an early stage of the disease, epithelial and myoepithelial alterations in striated ducts, with tubular ectasia. Simultaneously, an intensive regeneration from intercalated ducts takes place. Nevertheless that regeneration fails to repair myoepithelial cells. Furthermore, young myoid cells, leaving tubular walls, migrate in interstitial tissue and are responsible for accumulation of membranoid material and later of collagen sclerosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[A variety of lymphomatoid granulomatosis, pseudosarcoid granulomatosis. An anatomo-clinical observation with an ultrastructural study].

A case of sarcoid-like granulomatosis involving the lung, skin and a large cervical vessel is presented. The patient died 4 years after the beginning of the disease with a diffuse angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy and a sarcomatous change. Although peculiar histological lesions were seen, with a majority of epithelioid and giant Langhans cells, the extra-pulmonary involvement and the poor prognosis were similar to those of the typical lymphomatoid granulomatosis (Liebow's disease).

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1983

[Histoenzymological characteristics of epithelial cells in oral mucosal lesions and jaw cysts. Diagnostic significance].

An histoenzymological study (including oxidative enzymes, diaphorases, acid and alkaline phosphatases and naphtolesterases) of 41 biopsy and operation specimens revealed interesting factors in the diagnosis of some lesions of the buccal mucosa, and also of cysts and ameloblastomas of the jaw. When compared with normal buccal mucosa and epidermis, the enzymatic activities found in the oral lesions, fell into three different types. In non dysplasic leukoplakia, enzymatic activities were found that were similar to those of the epidermis (high oxidative activities, particularly prominent in basal cells and in the granular layer and esterasic activity beneath the keratinised layer). In lichen planus, some vacuolized or necrotic basal cells occurred which lacked enzymatic activity. In the upper layers, the distribution of the enzymes was irregular. In severe dysplasia and epidermoid carcinoma, numerous variations of oxidative, esterasic and acid phosphatase activities were seen from one cell to another. Among the lesions of the jaws, radicular cysts as well as dentigerous cysts, had low enzymatic activities, similar to those of normal buccal epithelium. The epidermoid cysts (keratocysts), because of their highly differentiated keratinization, like leukoplakia, had the same enzymatic activities as epidermis. The enzymatic activities of common ameloblastoma differed from those of malpighian tissues (low oxidative activities without decreasing gradient). Besides round epithelial nests, the stroma showed a high and widespread alkaline phosphatase activity, which indicated a low degree of odontogenic induction. Thus, this peculiar stromal activity may be useful in differentiating between cystic epidermoid varieties of ameloblastoma and the other epidermoid cysts of the jaws.

Ameloblastoma↗
PubMed1983

[Ectopic salivary gland tissue in the neck. Morphology, diagnostic and histogenetic problems. Apropos of 3 cases].

3 case reports of ectopic salivary gland tissue in the neck are presented. A localized swelling was found in the upper or the middle neck along the anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. It was not associated with any draining sinus opening on the skin. After surgical excision, the histopathological study demonstrated around a large "cystic" duct few or many lobules of salivary gland tissue containing serous acini and ducts. The embryogenesis of these heterotopies within remanants of the branchial apparatus could be demonstrated in one of our cases by the association of a true branchial cleft cyst with an ectopic salivary gland.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Oncocyte cells in salivary tumors: frequency, histoenzymological and ultrastructural characteristics].

Two types of salivary monomorphic adenomas, the so-called adenolymphoma and oncocytoma (75 cases in a series of 873 salivary gland tumors) were studied. These tumors were almost always located in major salivary glands (essentially in the parotid gland). They were much more common in men (85%) than in women. The oncocyte represented the characteristic cell in these two neoplasms. By electron microscopy, they were seen to contain numerous and abnormal mitochondriae and well-developed lysosomal systems. These findings were correlated with a high level of activity of oxidative enzymes and of acid phosphatases. The histogenesis of these tumors was discussed. They seemed to arise from aberrant striated ducts embedded in heterotopic lymph nodes. The tumoral oncocytes would suffer a primary disturbance of their oxidative metabolism followed by a compensative mitochondrial hypertrophy.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1983

[Lethal midline granuloma, An anatomoclinical study apropos of 3 cases].

In Midline malignant granuloma, a clinical entity characterized by necrotic ulcerations of the upper respiratory tract, two different histological features can be observed. The first one, called "idiopathic" granuloma, looks like simple granulation tissue and remains a strictly localized disease. In the second type (midline malignant reticulosis or histiocytosis), the granulation tissue contains atypical histiocytic cells. The 3 cases reported here belong to this last group. The early lesions were located in the nose (2 cases) or in the maxillary sinus (1 case). The histological analysis showed in all cases 20 to 40% of atypical histiocytes associated with other "inflammatory" cells. Radiotherapy was used in association with chemotherapy or surgery in the treatment. One patient is still alive at 3 years. We have no follow-up data for another patient. The third patient died after 18 months. An autopsy demonstrated multifocal visceral involvement by atypical histiocytes (malignant histiocytic lymphoma). The histogenesis of this disease, in light of histoenzymological and ultrastructural findings, and its possible relationship to lymphomatoid granulomatosis are discussed.

Adult↗