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Biomedical subjects

G Cella

Publications and source records attributed to G Cella.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Clinical use of thrombolytic agents in venous thromboembolism.

The use of thrombolytic agents in venous thromboembolism has been shown to be highly effective. Patients treated with lytic agents show more rapid clot resolution and lung reperfusion and more rapid and greater reversal of the abnormal hemodynamic responses to pulmonary embolism than patients receiving heparin. Moreover, lytic therapy removes thromboemboli more completely from the pulmonary microcirculation, whereas residual thromboemboli tend to accumulate with heparin therapy. In addition, lytic therapy tends to preserve the venous valves, whereas distortion and destruction occur with heparin therapy. Hence, lytic therapy confers a number of short- and long-term benefits not observed with heparin therapy.

Fibrinolytic Agents↗
PubMed1981

The release of beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 during extracorporeal circulation for open heart surgery.

Cardiopulmonary bypass is extremely damaging to platelets and it causes a quantitative and qualitative alteration in their functions. We evaluated the release of two platelet-specific proteins, beta-thromboglobulin (beta TG) and platelet factor 4 (PF4), in patients who underwent extracorporeal circulation for open heart surgery. A parallel release (basal value beta TG: 119.6 ng/ml, PF4 30 ng/ml) was present for both proteins in a time dependent fashion until the end of extracorporeal circulation. High average levels were observed in patients in whom the bypass was stopped after about 1 h (beta TG 1606 ng/ml, PF4 745 ng/ml) and similarly in those in whom the bypass was stopped after about 2 h (beta TG 1540 ng/ml, PF 4754 ng/ml). No correlation was found either between the level of PF4 and the additional heparin administered after the initial standard dose (r = 0.29, P greater than 0.10) and between the level of PF4 and the amount of heparin consumed during the bypass (r = 0.05, P greater than 0.5).

Beta-Globulins↗
PubMed1981

Evidence for the need of long-term antithrombotic therapy in patients with porcine heterograft heart valve.

The plasma levels of two platelet specific proteins, namely beta-thromboglobulin (beta TG) and platelet factor 4 (PT4), were investigated in 86 patients with different types of artificial valves, biological and disc, at different times after valve insertion. Significant differences were demonstrated for both proteins with increased age of the disc valve. On the other hand, no significant change in the high average levels was shown for patients with porcine heterograft (Hancock). The general view of anticoagulate or antiaggregate lasting only a few months after bioprosthesis insertion has to be carefully evaluated again.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Taipan viper venom and chromogenic substrate (chromozym Th). Prothrombin assay. No sensitivity to coumarin-induced prothrombin.

Prothrombin (factor II) was assayed in congenital or acquired prothrombin deficiencies and abnormalities using Taipan viper (Oxyuranus scutellatus) venom as activating agent and adsorbed normal plasma or a chromogenic compound (Chromozym-Th) as substrates. Prothrombin was found to be low, as expected in every instance, regardless of the substrate used. In coumarin treated patients the levels observed were similar to the prothrombin time percentile values and definitely lower than the immunological counterparts. Therefore, the Taipan viper venom appears suited for prothrombin assay even during anticoagulant therapy. Since the cost of the chromogenic substrate is about 20 times that of adsorbed normal plasma and since no special information is obtained by it, the use of the chromogenic method is not justified for routine purposes.

Blood Coagulation Disorders↗
PubMed1980

In vivo platelet release reaction in patients with heart valve prosthesis.

Platelets play an important role in the genesis of thromboembolic episodes frequently observed in patients following cardiac valve replacement. No simple and reliable method as yet exists for quantitating platelet function in vivo. Platelet-specific proteins, serum beta-thromboglobulin related antigen and platelet factor 4 as well as thromboxane B2 were measured in 50 healthy subjects and in 100 patients who had cardiac valve replacement at least 6 months previously; these were related to the type, site and number of valves replaced. Highly significant differences were observed in the mean plasma beta-thromboglobulin related antigen, platelet factor 4 and thromboxane B2 levels in patients compared with healthy controls. The elevated levels of platelet release products observed 6 months after cardiac valve replacement suggest a continuous activation by the prosthesis. No significant differences were observed in patients with different types and site of valve prosthesis.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Platelet function during haemoperfusion in acute liver failure.

The changes in platelet-related haemostatic parameters have been studied during haemoperfusion of eleven patients with acute liver failure. Five patients were treated by haemoperfusion with an albumin-coated resin column and six with a polymer-coated charcoal column. The platelet and white cell losses over four hours' haemoperfusion were small in both groups. Significant increases in beta-thromboglobulin (mean 341 +/- SE 145 ng/ml) were seen after one hour in the patients treated by charcoal haemoperfusion. One patient in the charcoal group with the greatest rises in beta-thromboglobulin (860 ng/ml) and screen filtration pressure (205 mmHg) developed severe hypotension and haemoperfusion was terminated after 1 hour. One patient in the resin group showed rapid consumption of heparin after 2 hours. Measurement of beta-thromboglobulin is a sensitive assay of platelet activation during haemoperfusion. Albumin-coated resin haemoperfusion appears to be a more blood-compatible procedure with respect to platelets than charcoal haemoperfusion.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1979

beta-Thromboglobulin, platelet production time and pletelet function in vascular disease.

Plasma beta-thromboglobulin (beta TG) levels were measured in 103 healthy controls and 112 patients suffering from either peripheral vascular disease (PVD), or cerebrovascular disease (CVD) or deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Plasma beta TG was significantly elevated in 46 PVD patients and 24 recent DVT patients compared to controls, but did not differ significantly in 18 chronic DVT and 24 old CVD patients. In addition, heparin neutralizing activity (HNA) and platelet aggregation induced by adenosine diphosphate, 1-epinephrine and thrombin were compared in 33 out of the 46 PVD patients to 33 controls. The mean HNA was significantly shorter in the PVD patients than in controls. The rate and extent of platelet aggregation were increased in PVD patients compared to controls, but the difference was not statistically significant. Platelet production time (PPT) was measured in 20 controls, 35 PVD patients, nine chronic DVT and 12 chronic CVD patients; significantly shorter PPT was only observed in 14 patients with advanced PVD compared to controls, suggesting increased platelet consumption in these patients. All four assays (plasma beta TG, HNA, platelet aggregation and PPT) were performed in 25 patients; no correlation between the four tests was found in these patients suggesting that the tests were measuring various aspects of platelet function. These results suggest that in vivo platelet consumption as well as platelet aggregation and 'release reaction' are presumably enhanced in PVD and recent DVT patients and that plasma beta TG and PPT assays may be better and more specific indicators of in vivo platelet activation than in vitro platelet aggregation test.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Heparin neutralizing activity (HNA) and antithrombin III in coronary artery disease.

Plasma from 14 patients with severe and diffuse coronary atherosclerosis has been compared with that obtained from a normal control group. While a decreased heparin-thrombin clotting time was demonstrated in the patient group, suggesting an increased level of circulating platelet factor 4, there was no significant alteration in plasma antithrombin III level. These results do not support a recent suggestion of a mild chronic intravascular coagulation in atherosclerosis.

Antithrombins↗
PubMed1977

Thrombotest mixing experiments in congenital coagulation disorders of the prothrombin complex and in coumarin treated patients. An additional evidence against the presence of an inhibitor in the latter.

Thrombotest clotting times of mixtures of coumarin plasmas and normal plasma yielded a patterm similar to that observed in mixtures of plasma with congenital coagulation disorders and normal plasma. The presence of 10 or 20% of test plasma in the mixture failed to affect the clotting times which resulted in normal limits. The only exception to this rule was the hemophilia BM plasma. In this case even the presence of 10-20% of patient plasma in the mixture caused a prolongation of the clotting time. This indicates that no inhibitor is present in coumarin plasmas and in the plasma of congenital coagulation disorders of the prothrombin complex save for hemophilia BM plasma which does contain an inhibitor.

Acenocoumarol↗