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Biomedical subjects

G Cederblad

Publications and source records attributed to G Cederblad.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Improved continuous-flow (SMAC) determination of serum albumin.

The albumin values determined by the bromcresol green methods do not compare well with values by more specific methods for albumin determination. The discrepancies have been related to, among other things, acute-phase reactants and are especially pronounced in the lower albumin range. These disadvantages are also inherent in a routine continuous-flow method for albumin (SMAC). The bromcresol green method has been improved considerably by shortening the reaction time before the absorbance is measured, as is described here. The modified method yields values that better agree with those by more specific methods and an influence of acute-phase reactants is no longer observed.

Autoanalysis↗
PubMed1977

Physical training in man. Skeletal muscle metabolism in relation to muscle morphology and running ability.

The metabolic and morphologic adaptation to physical training in skeletal muscle tissue of eleven middle-aged, physically untrained men was studied. Muscle biopsies were taken from the vastus lateralis before, after 8 weeks and after 6 months of physical training for analysis of metabolic and morphologic variables. Glucose tolerance test indicated increased insulin sensitivity after 6 months of physical training. The activities of glycogen phosphorylase, hexokinase and glucose-6-P-dehydrogenase were increased but other enzymes involved in glycogen turnover and glycolysis were unchanged after 6 months of physical traning. The activities of citrate synthase and cytochrome-c-oxidase, representing the oxidative capacity were significantly increased already after 8 weeks of physical training. The incorporation rate of palmitate-carbon into CO2 and triglycerides increased, and the incorporation rate of leucine-carbon into CO2 decreased with 6 months of physical training. The fiber diameter of both Type 1- and Type 2-fibers increased, while the mitochondrial volume increased predominantly in Type 2-fibers. Significant correlations were found between metabolic, physiologic and morphologic variables before and after physical training. The results indicate an increased oxidative capacity, mainly located to Type 2-fibers, and an increased utilization of fatty acids in response to this type of physical training.

Carnitine↗
PubMed1977

Carnitine concentration in skeletal muscle tissue from patients with diabetes mellitus.

L-Carnitine concentration was determined in vastus lateralis and abdominal rectus muscle tissue from 15 patients with diabetes mellitus and 66 controls. Nine of the diabetics were treated with diet and hypoglycemic drugs only and six with insulin. The carnitine concentration was determined enzymatically with labeled [I-14C] acetyl-coenzyme-A as a substrate and given per weight of non-collagen protein. The concentration in muscle tissue did not differ significantly between patients and controls. Patients with insulin-treated diabetes had the same concentration of carnitine in muscle tissue as those treated with hypoglycemic drugs. The drastic decreases in carnitine muscle concentration and in carnitine body pool seen in alloxan-diabetic rats are not observed in skeletal muscle of diabetic humans.

Acetyl Coenzyme A↗
PubMed1977

Variations in blood coagulation, fibrinolysis, platelet function and various plasma proteins during the menstrual cycle.

The variations in the number of platelets, platelet retention, blood coagulation, fibrinolysis and various plasma proteins were studied during the menstrual cycle in 30 normal women. Blood samples were taken on 6 occasions; day 1, 2, and 3 of menstruation, day 5-9 (follicular phase), day 12-16 (around ovulation), and day 19-23 (luteal phase), respectively. The concentration of fibrinogen was lower during menstruation than in the luteal phase. Factor II-VII-X and platelet retention were lowest and the recalcification time was shortest during the menstruation. The number of platelets was highest in the ovulatory phase. The fibrinolytic activity was higher in the luteal phase and during the menstruation than in the follicular phase. The results might indicate an intrauterine clotting during the menstruation. The close correlations between the variations of most of the plasma proteins indicate the presence of some general not identified factor which is probably not the variation in the intravascular water content.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Coagulation factors and other plasma proteins during abstinence after heavy alcohol consumption in chronic alcoholics.

Coagulation factors and other plasma proteins were studied in 19 male chronic alcoholics during the first abstinence week after a period of heavy alcohol consumption. In spite of a decade of chronic alcoholism and a daily alcohol consumption before admission of more than twice the 'normal' alcohol-metabolizing capacity, the data indicated a well-preserved protein-synthesizing capacity. In fact, the mean levels of some liver-synthesized proteins were above the upper reference limits. Minor changes within the reference ranges during the abstinence suggested a declining acute inflammatory reaction after cessation of intoxication.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Application of a method for correcting an observed regression between change and initial value for the bias caused by random errors in the initial value.

When studying the correlation between the change of a variable during treatment and the value before treatment, random errors (errors of measurement as well as intra-individual biological variation) may yield seriously biased results. In the present work a method to adjust for this bias is presented. The method was applied to data from blood coagulation factor and plasma protein analyses in chronic alcoholics before and after one week of abstinence. It was found that many of the significant correlations were lost when the data were adjusted.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Plasma carnitine and body composition.

Plasma carnitine has been determined in 16 men and 45 women without known muscular disorders. Mean values were 57.3 mumoles/l +/- 12.8 (S.D.) for men and 46.5 mumoles/l +/- 12.4 (S.D.) for women. The difference was statistically significant. Of the variables tested, a positive significant relationship was found between plasma carnitine and age, but not for different variables of body composition, e.g. body cell mass or plasma cholesterol and triglycerides. The daily urinary excretion of carnitine has been compared in a healthy individual during two periods, one on an ordinary diet and one on a gruel diet, giving a constant carnitine intake. The mean value of carnitine excretion (241 mumoles per 24 h) of the two periods did not differ and although the variance was less on the gruel diet, no statistical difference was found.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Effect of clofibrate on plasma proteins including components of the hemostatic mechanism.

The effect of clofibrate (1.5 g/day) on different plasma proteins and on components of the hemostatic system was studied in eight men with either mild diabetes mellitus or cardiosclerosis. Before treatment, the subjects were investigated weekly on five occasions. The means of these determinations were compared with the values observed after 2, 6 and 14 weeks of treatment. During the treatment albumin and transferrin increased significantly while orosomucoid, ceruloplasmin, beta1 E-globulin, IgA, IgM and fibrinogen decreased significantly. The decreases of the last proteins in per cent were found to be associated with each other in single subjects, i.e. a subject who reacted with a certain degree of change in one protein tended to react in a similar way with regard to the other proteins. A correlation was observed between the concentration before the treatment and the decrease in concentration during the treatment for ceruloplasmin, IgG, IgA, IgM and fibrinogen. The fibrinolytic activity increased significantly. Plasminogen decreased after 6 weeks and increased after 14 weeks of treatment. Platelet adhesiveness was not influenced.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Blood coagulation, fibrinolysis and plasma proteins in women with normal and with excessive menstrual blood loss.

A group of women with excessive menstrual blood loss (menorrhagia) without any known local or general underlying disease was studied and compared to a group of women with normal menstrual blood loss. Blood coagulation, platelet function and fibrinolysis as well as a variety of plasma proteins were analyzed on six occasions during one menstrual cycle. Women with menorrhagia were found to have a slightly higher concentration of fibrinogen--fibrin degradation products, a higher factor V and VIII activity, higher antithrombin III, alpha 1-antitrypsin concentrations and higher antifibrinolytic activity than the normal women. The concentration of albumin, beta IE-globulin, orosomucoid, ceruloplasmin and IgG were lower in women with memorrhagia than in normals. The capillary fragility did not differ significantly between the groups. The observed differences in clotting factors between the groups could not have caused the differences in blood losses.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

A computer program for an open two compartment system distinguishing three models.

A digital computer program is described for the estimation of parameters in an open two compartment system distinguishing 3 models. The mathematical function to be fitted to a given set of experimental data is given initial estimates for the parameters of the function. The program uses an iterative procedure to adjust the parameters until the sum of squares of residuals has converged to a minimum. Assuming that a given substance is introduced into compartment 1, the function can be fitted to the set of experiment data of that compartment. A set of experimental data from compartment 2 can also be included in the minimizing function. Two optional weighting functions are presented. From the constants of the two-exponential functions the physiological parameters of the three models are determined. Experimental observations of compartment 1 only allow for calculation of physiological parameters of two of the models.

Computers↗
PubMed1976

Carnitine concentration in relation to enzyme activities and substrate utilization in human skeletal muscles.

The relationships between the carnitine concentration and enzyme activities representative of different metabolic pathways, glycogenolysis, glycolysis, beta-oxidation of fatty acids, citric acid cycle, and respiratory chain were studied in skeletal muscle tissue from 18 volunteering subjects. In addition, the in vitro incorporation rates of glucose-carbon and palmitate-carbon into different metabolites, and the concentration of glycogen, triglycerides, and phospholipids were determined in the same tissue specimen. The carnitine concentration correlated positively and statistically significantly with the activities of 3-OH-acyl-CoA dehydrogenase and citrate synthase, with the incorporation rate of palmitate-carbon into CO2, and the incorporation rate of glucose-carbon into lactate in the muscle tissue. The results indicate a coupling between the concentration of carnitine and the capacity for long-chained fatty acid oxidation in human skeletal muscles.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Observations of increased levels of blood coagulation factors and other plasma proteins in cholestatic liver disease.

One group of 8 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis and one group of 7 patients with common duct stone both had generally high levels of blood coagulation factors and a wide range of other plasma proteins. In contrast, one group of 6 patients with chronic active hepatitis generally had low levels of the same coagulation factors and plasma proteins. Analyses of factor II-VII-X, plasminogen, ceruloplasmin, beta1C/1A-globulin, IgG and IgM are especially helpful in the differentiation between primary biliary cirrhosis and chronic active hepatitis. The data are interpreted as suggesting a generally increased synthesis of liver-produced proteins in cholestasis, although more specific factors may modify the degree of increase of the individual proteins.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Plasma carnitine and breast milk carnitine intake in premature infants.

Ten premature infants with a mean gestational age of 29 weeks (range, 27-32) and a mean birth weight of 1,294 g (range, 930-2,300) and without complications at birth were studied during the first 14 days after birth. Their breast milk intake was recorded and the carnitine content determined in each daily portion. During the first week, the daily mean carnitine intake was low and increased to 6-7 mumoles/kg and day during the second week. Breast milk carnitine concentration ranged from 17 to 148 mumoles/L. Plasma carnitine and its derivatives did not change during the observation period. No relationship was found between the individual cumulative breast milk carnitine intake and total plasma carnitine levels or between carnitine and its derivatives and nonesterified fatty acids or 3-OH-butyrate. The urinary carnitine excretion, in millimoles of carnitine per mole of creatinine, was higher during the second week. In other studies, declining plasma carnitine levels have been observed in premature infants on total parenteral nutrition. The results from this study indicated that premature infants without complicating disorders were able to maintain their plasma carnitine levels.

3-Hydroxybutyric Acid↗