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Biomedical subjects

G Cavallaro

Publications and source records attributed to G Cavallaro.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Nerve regeneration through autogenous vein grafts: an SEM evaluation.

The role of autogenous vein grafts in nerve regeneration was studied in a rat model. Three groups of animals underwent autogenous vein grafting for ischiatic nerve regeneration, and were sacrificed 30, 60, and 90 days after surgery. Samples obtained were processed for S.E.M. study. Nerve regeneration consisted of two stages: the first (up to 60 days) was characterized by the presence of active endothelial cells; the second (after 60 days) by cell disappearance, with the venous wall acting as a protective conduit throughout both steps. Complete qualitative morphologic and functional studies of neural regeneration are presented, confirming previous investigations.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Pefloxacine mesilate- and ofloxacin-loaded polyethylcyanoacrylate nanoparticles: characterization of the colloidal drug carrier formulation.

The entrapment of fluoroquinolones, perfloxacine mesilate (PFX) and ofloxacin (OFX), in polyalkylcyanoacrylate (PECA) nanoparticles could offer some advantages for their biological application; for examples, increasing their bioavailability, controlling the drug time-release in blood, and reducing the formation of bacterial resistance. To load these two drugs in PECA polymeric bulk, the incorporation or adsorption method was performed. These two methods were capable of influencing nanoparticle size, molecular weight, release profile, and drug-polymer association. The incorporation method, particularly for the OFX system, achieved PECA nanoparticle suspensions with a mean size value three times higher than that obtained in the absence of the drug. In contrast, negligible changes were observed for PFX systems. This preparation process also influenced the nanoparticle storage stability. The molecular weight values of the various nanoparticle preparations were also influenced; that is, the PFX-loaded systems showed an enhancement in the average molecular weight values, whereas a reduction was observed for OFX-loaded systems. The adsorption method showed no particular difference in particle size, molecular weight, and storage stability compared with nanoparticles prepared without the drugs. The nanoparticle loading capacity was higher for the colloidal systems obtained following the incorporation preparation procedure. The release of drug from the nanoparticles was biphasic for both preparation processes. The fluoro-quinolone-loaded nanoparticles showed an enhancement of the antimicrobial activity against standard bacteria strains from 2- to 50-fold compared with the free drugs.

Biological Availability↗
PubMed1993

[Oleoma of the knee. A clinical case].

Authors describe clinical and anatomo-pathological features of a case of oleoma of the left knee, repaired with success through the rotation of a muscular flap of lateral gastrocnemius and application of dermo-epidermal graft. Postoperative follow-up was regular; prompt healing and morpho-functional restoration of involved structures was complete.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Usefulness of 2-component human fibrin glue in stabilizing vascular sutures at risk in hemodialysis].

The controversies arising in recent years over the possible transmission of viruses including the hepatitis and HTLV III type in blood derivatives that have been more or less purified or screened for specific antibodies are still to be fully resolved. Though some statistical epidemiological studies seem to exclude the possibility when it comes to the use of bicomponent human fibrin glue (Tissucol) (Eder et al., 1986) it seems unreasonable totally to exclude the possibility of contamination arising from the use of this product. Certainly such contamination is only a remote possibility in haemodialysis patients who, obliged by their condition to undergo repeated intravascular injections of blood or other blood derivates, are highly unlikely to contract disease precisely due to the use of fibrin glue. For this reason, over the past three years bicomponent human fibrin glue has been used whenever necessary and has proved extremely valuable in stabilising vascular sutures at risk.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Autogenous vein and nerve grafts: a comparative study of nerve regeneration in the rat.

A new experimental model using the rat sciatic nerve has been devised and used in ten rats to compare the results of using a vein and a nerve graft in different fascicles of the same sciatic nerve, a third fascicle being preserved intact as a control. The results, judged clinically, electrophysiologically and histologically, show persistence of the vein graft as a conduit even six months after the operation and a similar pattern of nerve regeneration in the two different grafts.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Spontaneous cholecysto-cutaneous fistula].

A recently observed personal case of spontaneous cholecystospontaneous fistula is reported. Factors leading to the relative infrequency of this form in recent years are described, and its rarity is demonstrated by the fact that the case reported was the first to be noted in about 1000 operations on the bile ducts. A brief account of the genesis, diagnosis and treatment of the condition is given. The interest of the case lay in the unusual site of the orifice (epigastrium).

Biliary Fistula↗
PubMed1976

[Hospitalization].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Hospitalization↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Polymeric prodrug for release of an antitumoral agent by specific enzymes.

The clinical usefulness of antitumor chemotherapy has been strongly limited by the lack of specificity of most anticancer drugs, which act also against healthy cells. The aim of this work was to design, synthesize, and evaluate a macromolecular prodrug of Cytarabine, a known antitumor drug, which is a specific substrate for plasmin enzyme whose concentration is high in various kinds of tumor mass as a result of plasminogen activator secretion. alpha,beta-Poly(N-hydroxyethyl)-DL-aspartamide (PHEA), a known synthetic and biocompatible polyamino acid, was used as a drug carrier, and Cytarabine was linked to PHEA by D-Val-Leu-Lys spacer synthesized beginning from Cbz-D-Val-LeuOH dipeptide and N6-CbzLys methyl ester. The content of Cytarabine in the purified PHEA-D-Val-Leu-Lys-Cytarabine conjugate was equal to 3% w/w. In vitro experiments in the presence of plasmin evidenced the ability of this enzyme to strongly increase drug release from the macromolecular prodrug, as well as plasma incubation shows high stability of drug-polymer linkage. The direct linkage of Cytarabine to PHEA was also performed and, like PHEA-D-Val-Leu-Lys-Cytarabine conjugate, the obtained PHEA-Cytarabine conjugate showed high stability in plasma, but no release of Cytarabine was revealed in the presence of plasmin.

Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Novel cationic copolymers of a polyasparthylhydrazide: synthesis and characterization.

Alpha,beta-poly(asparthylhydrazide) (PAHy), a water soluble synthetic polymer, was functionalized by using EDCI chemistry with 3-(carboxypropyl)trimethyl-ammonium chloride (CPTACl) obtaining carboxypropyltrimethyl ammonium copolymers (PAHy-CPTA). Three PAHy-CPTA copolymers at increasing derivatization degrees (38%, 48%, 58%) were chosen for subsequent investigations. The capability of these copolymers to bind, neutralize, and protect DNA against degradation by DNase II was evalued by gel retardation assay and DNA degradation test at pH 5.5. Zeta potential measurements show that all studied polymers are able to neutralize the anionic charge of DNA at polymer/DNA weight ratio in the range of 0.8/1-5/1. Polyplex dimensional distribution analyses in bistilled water, saline solution NaCl 0.9%, and HEPES pH 7 show that polyplex size is strongly affected by both presence and type of electrolyte and with time incubation.

Carbodiimides↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A rare complication of the Greenfield vena cava filter].

The authors report an unusual case of retroperitoneal haemorrhage following the application of a Greenfield modified titanium filter: haematoma due to the lesion of a lumbar vein was favoured by anticoagulant therapy and complicated by infection, ending in frank disruption of the vein wall. A review is made of the modalities of caval penetration and perforation with the Greenfield filter.

Aged↗