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Biomedical subjects

G Caruso

Publications and source records attributed to G Caruso.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Cardiac arrhythmia: possible complication from treatment with cisplatin.

Cardiotoxicity is rarely observed during cisplatin chemotherapy. A possible synergistic toxic effect of cisplatin with etoposide on cardiac electrical activity is discussed. A case of a 60-year-old woman with squamous cell lung carcinoma who developed paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia during cisplatin chemotherapy is reported. The potential cardiotoxicity should be considered when cisplatin is combined with other cardiotoxic agents or used in patients with cardiac disease.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗
PubMed1986

Intra-arterial continuous infusion of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum in untreated head and neck cancer patients.

The authors report the final analysis of a prospective phase I-II study in 53 previously untreated patients with squamous cell carcinoma (48 patients) and other histologic classifications (5 patients) of the head and neck region. Treatment consisted of cisplatin 10 mg infused intra-arterially in a 12-hour period, twice a day for 5 to 10 days via an external infusion pump. After a rest period of 5 to 7 days treatment could be restarted, with the same schedule, until a maximal total dose of 400 mg or toxicity. Patients who received at least 200 mg of cisplatin were considered evaluable for response. In 3 patients catheterization was not performed because of technical difficulties, in 9 treatment was stopped before reaching the total dose of 200 mg, (because of catheter-related toxicity in 7 patients, drug toxicity in 1, and both toxicities in 1); therefore, the patients evaluable for response, drug toxicity and catheter toxicity were 41, 43, and 49 respectively. Overall, 8 patients (19.5%) obtained a complete response (CR) and 20 (48.8%) a partial response (PR) with an objective response rate (RR) of 68.3%. Eleven patients obtained a minor response (MR), whereas only 2 (4.8%) developed a progressive disease (PD). The figures, limited only to squamous cell carcinoma of oral cavity and oropharinx (33 patients), are as follows: CR 8 (24.2%), PR 17 (51.5%), MR 7 (21.2%), and PD 1 (3.0%) for an objective RR of 75.7%. No grade IV and only 5 grade III toxicity were observed; whereas the most frequent grade I and II drug-related toxicities were anemia, transient renal impairment, and thrombocytopenia. Catheter-related toxicity accounted for five central nervous system complications (three transient motor weaknesses, one hemiparesis, one embolism) and six local problems (one coagulation of the catheter, one displacement, and four local extravasations). Intra-arterial cisplatin is, in our experience, an effective treatment and further trials employing cisplatin combination chemotherapy are needed in order to establish the exact role of the intra-arterial approach before definitive local treatments.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

Long-term survival in response to combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy in laryngeal small cell carcinoma.

Fourteen patients with small cell carcinoma of the larynx are studied. This represents the largest series, from a single institution, reported in the literature. This neoplasm is usually highly aggressive and the prognosis very poor, but, in our experience, combined chemo- and radiotherapy can significantly improve the clinical course of the disease. Three of six patients who received this combined modality treatment are still clinically disease-free more than six years after the initial diagnosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Struma cordis. Ectopic thyroid goiter in the right ventricle.

Intracardiac thyroid goiter (struma cordis) is an exceptionally rare finding. To our knowledge, only two cases have been reported in the literature to date. A middle-aged woman was the subject of our case, in which an intracardiac tumor was clinically diagnosed and surgically resected. The mass, adhesive to the ventricular septum and obstructing the right ventricular outlow tract, histologically was formed by thyroid tissue, separated from the myocardium by fibrous tissue. The woman died of renal failure two weeks after the operation, and at autopsy the thyroid gland showed strumous changes. The similarity to previously reported cases suggests a dysembryologic origin of this ectopia.

Female↗
PubMed1985

Phase II trial of oral VP 16-213 (etoposide) in patients with advanced head and neck cancer.

We tested VP 16-213 in 16 patients with advanced head and neck cancer after conventional treatments. VP 16-213 was administered orally at the dosage of 100 mg/mq for 5 consecutive days every 3 weeks. No patient achieved an objective response. Toxicity was mild. VP 16-213 given at this dose and schedule revealed no activity in pretreated patients with head and neck cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Local morphologic changes related to laryngeal carcinoma.

In a series of 178 patients who underwent partial or total laryngectomy for laryngeal carcinoma, the morphologic changes at a distance from the neoplasm were investigated with whole organ serial sections. We found 60 cases with extensive squamous metaplasia of the epithelium outside of the vocal cords, 24 case with hyperplastic epithelium of the vocal cords, 29 cases with mild or moderate dysplasia, 5 cases with foci of in situ carcinoma, 3 cases with a second carcinoma with minimal stromal invasion, and 4 cases with a double synchronous primary carcinoma. In 55 cases we observed the contemporary presence of a carcinoma and a mono-or bilateral laryngocele. In the excretory ducts of the salivary glands present in the laryngeal mucosa we found a reserve cell hyperplasia in 100% of the cases, a mature squamous metaplasia in 25%, and an oncocytic metaplasia in 14%. These observations led us to consider the laryngeal cancer as an organ disease, in which the oncogenic stimulus operates on all the laryngeal structures and determines lesions of different severity up to neoplasm.

Carcinoma in Situ↗
PubMed1985

[Alzheimer's presenile dementia transmitted in an extended kindred].

Forty-three patients affected with Alzheimer's disease were identified in a kindred of Italian origin, emigrated in part to the U.S.A. and France. Thirteen were known by history, 21 by medical record, and 9 by personal examination, of whom 5 were confirmed histopathologically. The clinical picture was fairly uniform: the first symptom was memory loss beginning around age 40. Psychotic-like symptoms often followed, with rapid evolution into profound dementia, and death around age 50. Akinesia was prominent at a late stage, often with myoclonus. Grand mal seizures sometimes occurred, with occasional interictal spike and wave discharge; repetitive paroxystic periodic discharges were never recorded. A genealogical study, as far as possible free from line bias, has been conducted mainly by analysis of municipal records. 1 435 subjects in 10 generations, linked to affected subjects through ascent/descent or marriage, were listed in a computer file; the corresponding genealogical tree or selected part thereof are generated by computer. Application of Bayesian techniques to demographic data makes possible an estimation of disease probability in subjects for which no clinical data were available: such an estimate was confirmed by the later discovery of a living patient in descent of a subject with 0.7 estimated disease probability. No patient was found in descent from an inbred union known as such. Patients are the only transmitters. The sex ratio is not significantly different from 1. There is no detectable maternal effect. The segregation ratio, as calculated from extensively known sibships, lies in the range 0.65 to 0.89; the lower value itself is significatively higher than the 0.5 value expected in an autosomal dominant monogenic Mendelian transmission. An environment factor is ruled out by the diversity of locations and circumstances in kindred members. Such a kindred may represent an useful model for fundamental studies in Alzheimer's disease and senile dementia of the Alzheimer type.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Effects of systemic administration of kainic acid on GABAergic and glutaminergic transmission in various areas of the brain].

In the present study that Authors have investigated the effects of systemic injection of kainic acid on aminoacidergic transmission of different rat brain regions. Kainic acid has been used to produce an experimental model of limbic epilepsy characterized by two different phases (KA1 and KA2). Results obtained show a significant decrease of glutamic and aspartic acids (excitatory aminoacids) and glicine and taurine (inhibitory aminoacids) in both phases at hippocampal level. On the contrary GABA concentration seems to be increased.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Effects of zinc sulfate on limbic motor epilepsy induced by kainic acid].

In the present study the Authors have investigated the effects of chronic pretreatment with injections of Zn++ sulphate solution on kainic acid induced epilepsy, to verify wether or not Zn++ is able to change the epileptiform pattern induced by kainic acid infection. Results obtained show that Zn++ do not produce any significant change in the experimental parameters by us study.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Insulin resistance in cirrhosis: evidence for a post-receptor defect.

Receptor and post-receptor abnormalities of insulin action and their possible role in the insulin resistance of cirrhosis were examined in eight biopsy-proven cirrhotic subjects and eight age-weight matched healthy volunteers. To this end, oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT), insulin dose response curves and insulin binding to circulating monocytes were determined for each subject. The dose-response curves for the cirrhotic subjects were significantly shifted to the right compared to the control subjects, indicating the presence of insulin insensitivity (ED50 223 +/- 30 versus 64 +/- 8 mU/l respectively; P less than 0.001). The magnitude of the right shift of the insulin-dose response curves correlated significantly (P less than 0.001) with the OGTT 2 h insulin levels (r = 0.74) and the insulin areas under the OGTT curves (r = 0.86). In contrast, insulin responsiveness was marginally elevated in the cirrhotic group (maximal glucose disposal 680 +/- 47 versus 574 +/- 21 ml/m2/min; P less than 0.05). Insulin binding to circulating monocytes was normal in the cirrhotic subjects. It is concluded that the insulin resistance of cirrhosis is due to a post-receptor defect in insulin action which reduces insulin sensitivity but not insulin responsiveness.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1984

Friedreich's ataxia: clinical involvement and evoked potentials.

In 15 patients definitely affected by Friedreich's ataxia, precocious SEP abnormalities were constantly recorded independent of the duration of symptoms and the severity of clinical involvement; VEPs were frequently involved, but neither VEP abnormalities, nor visual impairment could be correlated with the severity or duration of Friedreich's ataxia clinical involvement; BAEPs were, to different extents, abnormal. These were completely dissociated from hearing disorders and significantly correlated (P less than 0.001) with Friedreich's ataxia clinical disability. Our observation of increased latency of the VEP P100 component and the early disappearance of BAEP Wave V with persistence of Wave I is in contrast with the hypothesis that changes are related to primary axonal degeneration. For practical purposes SEPs could help in the early diagnosis of Friedreich's ataxia, and BAEPs could be used for the electrophysiological monitoring of its clinical progression.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Secondary malignant melanoma of the larynx. Report of 2 cases and review of 79 laryngeal secondary cancers.

2 cases of laryngeal metastases from malignant melanoma of the skin have been observed at the ENT Department of Padua University during the last 17 years (from January 1966 through December 1982). A critical review of the pertinent literature is made and the metastatic spread to the larynx is also discussed. The importance of routine indirect laryngoscopy in neoplastic patients 'at risk' is underlined.

Aged↗