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Biomedical subjects

G Carnevale

Publications and source records attributed to G Carnevale.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Life cycle of P. carinii in the lung of immuno-compromised hosts: an ultrastructural study.

We describe the ultrastructural features of interstitial pneumonia and life cycle of P. carinii in the lung of immuno-compromised hosts. The hyperplasia and edema of alveolar lining cells appear to be largely responsible for the extensive desquamative alveolitis which characterizes the histopathologic features of P. carinii in the lung of immuno-compromised hosts. The ultrastructural data concerning the ameboid trophozoite, particularly the presence of lobopodies and the reduplication by binary fission, associated with cyst forming capacity, suggest that P. carinii can be reasonably placed within the Protozoa.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Toxoplasma gondii: in vivo and in vitro immunological and ultrastructural patterns of a human low virulent strain.

The AA. analyze the ultrastructural and immunological patterns of a low virulent strain of T. gondii cultured in vitro on A-9 cells line (PV-H1C-83). The tissue culture method described here is highly recommended to study the immunological aspects of experimental toxoplasmosis. Biological tests' results and the time courses of serological tests are also similar to those obtained from mice infected with cerebral tissue containing cysts. The low virulent strain (PV-H1C-83), when cultured in vitro, is able to induce the formation of large parasitophorous vacuoles, in which the EM investigation shows a typical cyst wall enveloping numerous bradyzoites.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Comparison between IgM-IFA and DS-IgM-ELISA performed on IgM fractions and whole sera in acute acquired toxoplasmosis.

The present investigation has shown that antibodies titers obtained by IgM-IFA performed on pure IgM-fractions, obtained by gel-filtration method, correlate well with DS-IgM-ELISA. False negative IgM-IFA results that frequently occurs with sera having greater than or equal to 200 I.U./ml by IgG-IFA, were not observed with DS-IgM-ELISA: and the 98% of sera positive only after separation of IgM fraction with IgM-IFA, are also positive with DS-IgM-ELISA performed on whole serum.

Chromatography, Gel↗
PubMed1984

Management of staphylococcal endocarditis in drug addicts. Combined therapy with oral rifampicin and aminoglycosides.

Staphylococcal endocarditis is a condition affecting intravenous drug abusers at increasing rates, and its treatment is still controversial. We used, successfully, high doses of rifampicin, associated with an aminoglycoside, for the treatment of two heroin addicts. In the first we found a left-sided endocarditis with metastatic abscesses in brain, both kidneys, liver and spleen; in the other the finding of bilateral lung abscesses was related to embolic episodes from a diseased tricuspid valve. Since the isolated strains of Staphylococcus aureus were tolerant to methicillin, we used oral rifampicin (20 mg/kg/day) plus an aminoglycoside (amikacin in the former and gentamicin in the latter), after in-vitro testing had proved these combinations to be effective. We achieved, in both cases stable bactericidal concentrations in the serum and a lasting clinical recovery.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

A comparison of IHA and ELISA tests in the detection of antibodies to entamoeba histolytica.

In this report we have evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of IHA and ELISA for the detection of anti-amebic antibodies in the serum samples of 147 patients with poor mental and hygienic status hospitalized in mental institutions. Our data have demonstrated a positive agreement between ELISA and IHA on positive sera. The major drawback of IHA is the occurrence of false negative results, 13/82 sera negative in IHA (less than 1/128) are positive in the ELISA. Furthermore, the ELISA is useful for serological diagnosis of amebiasis in the laboratories of low endemic areas.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1984

Detection of IgM-anti-toxoplasma antibodies in acute acquired and congenital toxoplasmosis.

The specificity and sensibility of IgM-IFAT for diagnosis of acute acquired and congenital toxoplasmosis may increase after separation of IgM fractions by simple gel filtration method. In the presence of IFA-IgG titers greater than 250 IU/ml with Remington test less than 1/50, specific IgM antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii should be detected by separation. The separation of IgM seems a necessary step for detecting IgM antibodies by IgM-IFA in the newborn sera.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

An improved method for increasing the sensitivity of direct agglutination test (D.A.T.) to the detection of IgM and IgG anti-toxoplasma antibodies.

The present investigation has shown that the antibody titers obtained by IgG-IFA correlate well with 2-ME-DA (correlation coefficient 0.927, p less than 0.001). These results are obtained when the antibody titers are expressed as IU/ml. Buffer without 2-ME and purification of IgM fractions by simple gel-filtration method seem to be necessary conditions for detecting IgM antibodies by DA test in adult patients. Therefore the DA with these micromodifications has a specificity and sensitivity similar to those of IgG and IgM-IFA tests and would be convenient for laboratories that perform large scale surveys during pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Comparison of ELISA and indirect immunofluorescence in the detection of IgG and IgM antitoxoplasma antibodies.

We have compared ELISA and IFA for the quantitation of IgG and IgM antitoxoplasma antibodies on whole sera and purified IgM fractions. In all the sera examined from adult patients the good correspondence of the two tests is expressed by a correlation coefficient of 0.77 (p = 0.001). However, we have observed that both IgM-ELISA and IgM-IFA performed on whole serum may lead either to false positive results due to presence of rheumatoid factors or to false negative results due to the competition with high level of IgG antibodies. The use of the simplified gel filtration method for separation of IgM fraction allowed the detection of IgM in 40 out of 75 adults patients by IgM IFA and in 39 by the same tests resulted negative if performed on whole serum. The separation of IgM fractions seems a necessary step for detecting IgM antibodies by IgM IFA in 12 of 14 newborns sera with clinical and serological evidence of congenital toxoplasmosis. The conventional IgM ELISA was constantly negative when performed on both whole sera or pure IgM IFA positive fractions of the same newborns.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Protocols for the diagnostic verification of lymph node toxoplasmosis].

The protocol we have fixed for the diagnosis of lymphonodal toxoplasmosis includes a precise succession of tests: 1) specific repeated serological tests (I.H.A.T., I.F.A.T., IgM--I.F.A.T. on total serum and on pure IgM fraction); 2) lymphonodal biopsy for histological examination and biological test (isolation procedure in mouse). We have evaluated the effectiveness of our protocol in 20 cases that we observed during 1980.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Comparison between the complement fixation test LBCF-H100-TTE, IHAT and IgM-IFAT performed on pure IgM fractions in acute acquired and congenital toxoplasmosis.

The use of a gel filtration method allowed us to obtain pure IgM fractions to be tested for specific Toxoplasma serology. The good correlation found in our series between IgM-IFAT and LBCF-H100-TTE performed on pure IgM fractions suggests that LBCF-H100-TTE may be another useful serological test for detection of IgM antibodies although false negative results might occur when LBCF-H100-TTE is performed on IgM fractions of cord sera.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

A new complement fixation test for toxoplasmosis. Comparison with other serological methods.

A new complement fixation test for toxoplasmosis has been compared with the classical test indirect immunofluorescence test (IFAT) and indirect haemoagglutination test (IHAT). Neither false positive or negative results were obtained with LBCF-H100-TTE. Notably these values correlate well with IFA titers. Furthermore LBCF-H100-TTE shows the highest titers in acute cases and its time course is practically superimposable to IFAT. The differences obtained performing these different tests on the preferential detection of different antigen antibodies systems by these 3 tests are discussed.

Complement Fixation Tests↗