Biomedical subjects

G Carlin

Publications and source records attributed to G Carlin.

12 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1992

Sulphasalazine inhibition of human granulocyte activation by inhibition of second messenger compounds.

The effects of sulphasalazine on the production of second messenger compounds in human granulocytes have been characterised by various stimuli. The increases in cytosolic calcium, inositol trisphosphate, diacylglycerol, and phosphatidic acid (all important mediators of intracellular signal transduction) triggered by stimulation were inhibited by sulphasalazine. The metabolites 5-amino-salicylic acid and sulphapyridine were less potent inhibitors than the mother compound. It is concluded that sulphasalazine inhibits the synthesis of phosphoinositide derived second messenger compounds at the level of phospholipase C or its regulatory guanosine 5'-triphosphate (GTP) binding protein. Inhibition of phosphatidic acid synthesis was either due to the same mechanism, or to interaction with a phospholipase D regulating GTP binding protein.

Aminosalicylic Acids↗

PubMed1991

Spermine: an anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory agent.

This work demonstrates that spermine is a natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. It is found that: (1) Spermine inhibits the cytochrome C reduction initiated by FMLP- or PMA-stimulated human granulocytes. (2) Spermine inhibits the Fe(III)/xanthine oxidase stimulated lipid peroxidation of brain phospholipid liposomes. The antioxidative effect disappears at high Fe(III) concentrations. (3) Spermine forms a complex with Fe(II). (4) Spermine inhibits the Fe(II)-induced depolymerization of hyaluronic acid, and EDTA abolishes this effect. (5) Spermine or spermine-Fe(II) has no superoxide mimetic effect. These findings suggest that spermine has at least two antioxidative mechanisms of action: (I) Spermine inhibits the generation of the transport of superoxide radicals from stimulated granulocytes, and (II) Spermine inhibits the Haber-Weiss reaction by forming an unreactive chelate with Fe. Spermine thus prevents generation of destructive hydroxyl radicals.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal↗

PubMed1990

The hydroxylamine OXANOH and its reaction product, the nitroxide OXANO., act as complementary inhibitors of lipid peroxidation.

The effects of the nitroxide 2-ethyl-2,5,5-trimethyl-3-oxazolidinoxyl (OXANO.) and the corresponding hydroxylamine 2-ethyl-1-hydroxy-2,5,5-trimethyl-3-oxazolidine (OXANOH) on in vitro lipid peroxidation in rat liver microsomes and reconstituted lipid vesicles were investigated, and compared with those of some commonly used spin trapping agents. OXANO. and OXANOH (10-100 microM) inhibited iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, as did the spin trapping agents (10-100 mM). OXANO. mainly inhibited the rate of peroxidation, but caused only a small delay in the time of onset. OXANOH exerted its effect by delaying the onset of peroxidation in an antioxidant fashion, and also by inhibiting the rate. Higher concentrations of both substances were required to inhibit t-butylhydroperoxide-dependent lipid peroxidation. OXANO. was found to oxidize the ferrous-ADP complex required for initiation of peroxidation, and this is probably the basis of the inhibitory effect of this compound. Since the reaction of OXANO. tends to produce OXANOH and vice versa, either one could inhibit all reactions of lipid peroxidation.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗

PubMed1979

Severity and prognosis after early excisions from one to twenty percent of the body surface area.

The authors review 101 small and medium early excisions with immediate grafting. They study several parameters concerning the severity of the burn, the time and the duration of the surgical procedure, the blood losses, the effect on the protidemia during the shock period, the duration of the hospital care, the septicemic risk, the mortality, and the functional and cosmetic results. They come to the conclusion that, under 15% of the body surface area, early excision can be done at one single operation with hardly any risk, and that it is better to perform it as soon as possible (before 12 hours if possible). With a good splinting and a daily rehabilitation, the cosmetic and functional results are very satisfactory.

Blood Volume↗

PubMed1979

Effect of infusion of dextran 70 on fibrinolysis inhibition activity in human serum.

The effect of dextran on fibrinolysis inhibition activity was studied in the serum of normal (uninjured) persons and of post-traumatic patients. An intravenous infusion of 500 ml dextran 70 significantly decreased the fibrinolysis inhibition activity in the serum in both groups. The decrease was greater in the trauma group. Treatment with dextran in the post-traumatic phase may therefore diminish the risk of development of complication due to thromboembolism.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1978