Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

G Cariou

Publications and source records attributed to G Cariou.

34 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Correlations between radiography, ultrasonography, computed tomography and pathologic findings in prostatic disease.

A total of 20 macroscopically normal or hypertropic prostates were taken from cadavers of men older than fifty, who died of causes other than urologic ones. The samples were studied in vitro by nonscreen x-ray films, ultrasonography, computed tomography, and then by a pathologist. There were 4 normal prostates, 12 with benign prostatic hypertrophy, 3 with carcinoma, and 1 with prostatitis. Conventional radiography which showed only prostatic calcifications was of no pathologic interest. Computed tomography is by no means of diagnostic use in distinguishing between benign prostatic hypertrophy and carcinoma, and should be used only as an alternative in the evaluation of regional extension of prostatic carcinoma. On the other hand, ultrasonography appears to be sensitive to detection of very small nonpalpable nodules. However, its specificity is poor and its use should be restricted as a guide in obtaining biopsy specimens or as a means of evaluating tumor volume.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[Enkephalinergic receptors at the level of the lower urinary tract].

After describing the autonomic nervous system of the lower urinary tract and its neurotransmitters, the authors discuss the recent discovery of new endomorphine group mediators--the enkephalins. There exist enkephalin immunoreactive nerve fibers in the smooth muscles of the bladder and the prostate. This neuromediator is synthetized in the spinal cord in the body of the preganglionic neuron and is carried by the axon flow towards the intramural parasympathetic ganglions of the bladder. The physiological effects of enkephalins are similar to those of morphinics and are antagonized by naloxone. Enkephalins inhibit spontaneous or provoked contractions of the bladder by inhibiting action on the parasympathetic neurons. This property of relaxing the muscles of the bladder, in both volume and pressure, may open up new vistas for uropharmacological research.

Enkephalins↗
PubMed1985

[Reabsorption of the irrigation solute during percutaneous nephrolithotomy].

The publication of several accidents, possibly due to the reabsorption of irrigation solutions in the course of percutaneous nephrolithotomy, prompted the authors to quantify the amounts of glycine (1.50 per cent glycocol) reabsorbed in these operations, and to determine the metabolic consequences. In a prospective study of twelve patients subjected to fourteen percutaneous nephrolithotomies, the hemodilution parameters (natremia, protidemia, hematocrit and osmolality) and the amino acid content of the plasma were measured preoperatively, at operation, and immediately postoperatively. The study indicates that there is a hemodilution and reabsorption of irrigation solute comparable to that observed in transurethral resections of the prostate. The resultant hyperglycinemia probably explains the significant increase in ammonemia noted in all the patients. One theory is that hepatocellular insufficiency may increase this ammonemia. This might suggest the advisability of using saline solution, at least in these patients (that is, of course, in the absence of electrical lithotrity).

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Intraoperative localization of renal calculi by real-time ultrasonography.

Experimental and intraoperative experiences in ultrasonographic localization of calculi are reported. With a small high-resolution real-time probe, we localized 1-mm calculi introduced in ex situ cadaver kidneys. During 13 operations all calculi of various sizes and nature were localized 11 times. This method seems to have many advantages: it is easy to use, it localizes calcific and noncalcific small calculi bidimensionally, and it shortens operative time.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Percutaneous renal surgery. Analysis of 100 cases of percutaneous nephrolithotomy].

The authors review a series of 100 consecutive patients treated by elective percutaneous nephrolithotomy. The success rate was 83%, and the complication rate, under 2%. For these reasons, percutaneous nephrolithotomy is becoming an established procedure for the surgical management of kidney stones. After an initial phase, the one-stage manipulation was performed with a mean hospital stay of 4 days in 70% of cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Peroperative ultrasound echotomography of the kidney].

The authors report their experience of seeking calyceal lithiasis and venous neoplastic spread in carcinomas of the kidney by peroperative echotomography. The reliability of the method was excellent since it led to exact localisation of residual stones in 10 cases out of 11 with a definition of the order of a millimetre. A simple and effective method, echotomography should be of great value in lithiasis surgery. Ultrasound is also of value in surgery for carcinoma of the kidney, both for verification of the state of venous flow as well as investigation of the quality of the remaining parenchyma following conservative surgery.

Humans↗
PubMed1982

[Real-time ultrasonography. Application to the intra-operative location of renal calculi].

Real-time ultrasonography was used intra-operatively in 12 cases of renal lithiasis, in association with radiography. The 10 MHz instrument with sectorial probe is small and easy to sterilise. Calculi larger than 2 mm (including radiotransparent ones) were detected by this method in 10 patients. One of the two failures was due to the surgical incision hindering the positioning of the probe, and the other to the presence of air after pyelotomy of a dilated renal pelvis in front of a horseshoe kidney. Ultrasonography appears to be a sensitive method allowing tridimensional location of small calculi, even when they are transparent to X-rays. The site and size of nephrolithotomy can be selected according to the thickness of renal tissue and to the presence of arteries, also visible on ultrasounds. The operating time is shortened and the risk of residual lithiasis is reduced. Owing to the possibility of artefacts, such as air bubbles, suture material and clots, contact radiography should be combined with ultrasonography, at least for roughly locating the stones.

Humans↗
PubMed1982

[Malignant adrenal cortical tumors. 9 cases].

Nine cases of malignant adrenal cortical tumour treated during the last decade are reported. As in many other series, these rare tumours were predominant on the left side (7/9) and affected mainly adult females (6/!) with a mean age of 44 years. The 8 secretory tumours were revealed by their hormonal effects: endocrine syndrome or arterial hypertension. The single, clinically non-secretory tumour presented as a palpable mass. The most common findings of hormonal exploration undertaken in 8 of the 9 patients were abolition of the cortisol nycthemeral cycle and non-response to dynamic tests. In 8 cases the tumour was demonstrated by intravenous urography, but its location and extension were best shown by CT scans. Two scintigraphies performed with labelled iodocholesterol were positive. All patients underwent complete excision of the tumour: 5 out of 9 had hepatic metastases at the time of surgery. The median survival of the 7 patients who died was 13 months; 6 of these had received Op'DDD (mitotane) post-operatively. Two patients, including one treated with Op'DDD, are still alive after 18 and 32 months respectively, without signs of recurrence.

Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Developmental aspect of renal suppurations. Apropos of 2 cases].

The authors set out to differentiate between two types of renal parenchymal suppuration in the light of two personal cases treated recently - renal abscess and localized acute bacterial nephritis (LABN), which is perhaps no more than a preliminary stage in the formation of a renal abscess. Case 1 concerns a LABN, diagnosed by CT scan. The treatment was purely medical and monitoring scans show no anomalies. Case 2 was a gathered abscess, also diagnosed by CT scan, and treated by surgical drainage. The interest of the differentiation between these two types of suppuration is essentially therapeutic. Once gathered, the abscess must be drained surgically, whereas the LABN can be treated medically, with close supervision to ensure complete cure. The differential diagnosis between the two is mainly by scanner, with a study of the respective densities.

Abscess↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Hemostasis technics in partial nephrectomy].

The authors describe an original haemostasis technique during partial nephrectomy, combining provisional pressure haemostasis of the renal parenchyma using atraumatic vascular clamps, and application of haemostatic sutures on a strip of Gore-Tex Reinforcement Tissue. This technique, which has been used three times, appears to be simple, facilitates exposure of the renal section, and ensures effective haemostasis. It does not require control or clamping of the pedicle or local hypothermia. No postoperative complication (urinary fistula, secondary haemorrhage, Gore Tex infection) was observed.

Blood Loss, Surgical↗