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Biomedical subjects

G Carelli

Publications and source records attributed to G Carelli.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Effect of oral gold salt therapy on bile acid absorption in rheumatoid arthritis patients.

Several studies pointed out an altered stool pattern as the most common side effect of auranofin therapy. The major mechanism in the aetiology of auranofin-induced impairment in bowel habit seems to be the inhibition of Na+/K+ ATPase in the gut. In vitro experiments proved that auranofin can affect active bile acid (BA) reabsorption in rat terminal ileum; this action, due to the ability of the drug to reduce Na+ pump activity by inhibiting Na+/K+ ATPase, may make a significant contribution to the auranofin-induced diarrhoea. The ability of auranofin to reduce the Na+ gradient necessary for active BA reabsorption, however, could cause a decrease of serum BA levels in patients taking auranofin before or without the development of an overt diarrhoea. We measured fasting and postprandial serum conjugated BA levels in 10 female rheumatoid arthritis patients before and after one month and two months' auranofin treatment. No patient developed diarrhoea during the chrysotherapy. When oral gold salt therapy was started, we observed a slight decrease in serum BA levels, but difference was not statistically significant. We can conclude that auranofin therapy does not cause BA malabsorption in patients who do not develop diarrhoea during the treatment.

Absorption↗
PubMed1990

Circulating immune complexes and autoantibodies in canine leishmaniasis.

In sera of 35 dogs with generalised leishmaniasis elevated levels of circulating immune complexes were detected by the 125I-C1q binding test. Furthermore, anti-heart muscle and anti-smooth muscle antibodies were detected by an indirect immunofluorescence technique in sera of infected dogs.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Present possibilities for the determination of inorganic arsenic and organoarsenical compounds in biological fluids.

A survey is presented of the applicability of atomic spectrometry and other techniques for the quantitation of both inorganic and organic arsenic in biological fluids. Pretreatment of samples and speciation of the different As forms are particularly emphasized. The potential of inductively-coupled plasma spectrometry combined with high performance liquid chromatography separations is also highlighted.

Arsenic↗
PubMed1986

Zinc and copper metabolism during open-heart surgery.

Zinc and copper changes were studied in plasma, whole blood, urine and myocardium in 15 patients undergoing valve replacement in hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass with hemodilution. During the cardiopulmonary bypass, a fall in plasma copper and zinc concentration was related to hemodilution. The zinc concentration also decreased in whole blood, but remained unchanged intracellularly. The urinary concentration of both cations, but not the output, decreased at the end of the operation in relation to the baseline values. The myocardial copper and zinc concentrations increased during the aortic cross-clamping period. The possible causes and significance of these changes are considered.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Charcoal sampling and gas chromatographic determination of N,N-dimethylformamide in air samples from a polyurethane plant.

A charcoal sampling method and a gas chromatographic determination of N,N-dimethylformamide in the air of a plant producing polyurethane lumps is described. The collection efficiency was checked by drawing standard N,N-dimethylformamide air mixtures through the sampling tube at 0.1 1/min and detecting the organic vapors spectrophotometrically at 215.4 nm. At 1,000 mg/m3, samplings could be carried out for 190 min with negligible N,N-dimethylformamide losses (lower than 1%). The analysis of N,N-dimethylformamide was performed by gas chromatography on Porapack Q and Tenax GC after extraction with 2 ml of acetone/100 mg of charcoal, with a mean recovery of 90 (SD 2) %, in the range of 0.05-0.5 mg of N,N-dimethylformamide/100 mg of charcoal. The relative standard deviation of the entire procedure was 3.5%. Because of the good adsorbing efficiency of the charcoal, short-term sampling could be carried out at a relatively high N,N-dimethylformamide concentration. Stationary and personal sampling resulted in mean values ranging between 1.26 and 1.60 mg/m3. The method is particularly suitable in instances where other pollutants are present, and therefore it can be used also for other work areas as well.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1981

Interferences in the spectrophotometric S-diphenylcarbazide determination of environmental hexavalent chromium in a chromium and zinc plating plant.

A study on the determination of environmental hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] was carried out in a chromium and zinc plating plant. The atmospheric particulate was collected both on glass wool filters and with an electrostatic sampler; Cr(VI) was determined by the S-diphenylcarbazide method. The filtered and electrostatically collected Cr(VI) was extracted with both 1.4% sulfuric acid and 7% sodium carbonate. Strong interference was observed when extraction was carried out with the acid medium. Alkaline extraction permits 95 +/- 6 (+/- SD)% recovery of the total chromium and has been shown to be suitable in releasing Cr(VI). The analyses of the alkaline samples were carried out with the standard addition method to compensate for a depressive interference of 26 +/- 8 (+/- SD)%. The absorbance decrease of the Cr-S-diphenylcarbazide complex is a time function, and it should be measured within a few minutes of the reagent addition.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMed1979

Water and ion metabolism in placenta. II. Water compartments and electrolytes in slices of rabbit placenta, at different periods of gestation, incubated at 0-1 degree C.

The movement and the distribution of water, sodium, potassium, chloride, magnesium and calcium have been studied in slices prepared from rabbit placentae at different periods of gestation, incubated in condition of depressed metabolism (0-1 degree C). In these conditions the tissue takes up water from the external medium up to a maximum of about 2.0 kg/kg d. wt., which represents 30 per cent of the initial H2O content of the fresh tissue. The extracellular compartment swells progressively and proportionally to the age of the placenta. The sodium and chloride content of the tissue increases while that of potassium decreases and their intracellular concentration reaches, after 120 min, that of the external medium. Magnesium does not show appreciable changes and calcium, too, despite its extreme variability, does not seem to undergo significant variations during the cold incubation. The results obtained show that placenta, like most of other mammalian cell systems, possesses specific metabolism-dependent mechanisms responsible for the maintenance of water distribution and ion gradients among the different tissue compartments. The characteristics and the regulation of these mechanisms are discussed in detail.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Gas chromatographic determination of biphenyl and 2-phenylphenol in the environmental air of dyeing-plant rooms of the textile industry].

A report is made on a method of sampling and analysis of biphenyl and 2-phenylphenol which are present in the environmental air of the dyeing plant rooms of the textile industry. The sampling is carried out by filtering environmental air through small pipes containing two layers of Porapak Q 80-100 mesh, the first one of 150 mg for the analysis and the other, of 50 mg, for the control, with a flux of about 1 l/min. The report includes the description of some tests concerning shifting and displacement with various fluxes, as well as the recovery of known quantities and the stability of the sampling. The saturation for the mixture of the two pollutants was about 130 mg/g of biphenyl and more than 100 mg/g of 2-phenylphenol. The gaschromatographic analysis was carried out on 2 ml of cyclohexane; methylacetate 80:20 by which was obtained the absorbent used for the sampling. An analytical column was used with 3% Apiezon L, 1% phosphoric acid, 2% Carbowax 20 M on Chromosorb W HP 80-100 mesh. These results were also confirmed by other two reference columns. This method was applied successfully to the analysis of the air of the work environment under examination.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1977

[Determination of antimony from environmental air in the working area using flameless atomic absorption with a graphite furnace].

Particulates of antimony present in area of plants producing a catalyst containing iron an antimony have been determined. The environmental aereosol, filtered through micropore filters, is analyzed in the form of stabilized aqueous suspension by atomic adsorption flameless graphite furnace. The limit of air revealability permitted by the method is 0.2 mcg/m3. With the above mentioned revealability limit it is possible to perform very rapid drawings of environmental air, so that noxiouslity of even very short-time processing can be controlled.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMed1977

[Atmospheric concentration of mercury in chlorinated sodium carbonate plants and their vicinity].

The mercury control in the chloroalkali plants is a "routine method". The air is above all sampled in the chloroalkali electrolysis rooms and in the rooms under them. Already in a previous paper we had pointed out a method for the sampling and determination of the metallic mercury in these work rooms. Atmospheric samples are passed through a small glass tube containing fine spongy particles of metallic gold. As far as particle mercury sampling and analysis are concerned, environmental air is filtered by micropore filters placed on the top of the small tube filled with the gold sponge (on the same sampling line). The present work has been made with the purpose of verifying the percentage of metallic and particle mercury of the chloroalkali plants and nearby the industrial perimeter of these plants. The results have been obtained from data of two plants with different capacity, different topographic location and different microclimatic conditions. It has been noticed that the air concentration of mercury in the surrounds of the plants is higher than the basal values in incontaminated areas and the ratio between metallic mercury and particle mercury in the surroundings of chloroalkali plants is casual. The obtained data have been explained at the light of the microclimatic observations and exactly: speed and direction of winds, temperature, humidity and rainy precipitations.

Air Pollutants↗