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Biomedical subjects

G Calabrese

Publications and source records attributed to G Calabrese.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Modification of glycosylated haemoglobin concentration during artificial endocrine pancreas treatment of diabetics. Evidence for a short-term effect on HbA 1 (a+b+c) levels.

In order to verify whether or not insulin-induced blood glucose control can acutely lower glycosylated haemoglobin levels, HbAI (a+b+c) (HbAI) was measured in 11 diabetics before, during and after 3 days of treatment with an "artificial endocrine pancreas" (Biostator). Initially 5 patients were in fair glycaemic control (group A), while the other 6 showed poor control (group B). HbAI levels decreased significantly after 3 days in both groups A (from 9.6 +/- 0.2% to 8.5 +/- 0.3%, mean +/- SEM, p less than 0.05) and B (from 13.7 +/- 0.2% to 12.6 +/- 0.3%, p less than 0.05). A further HbAI decrease was observed until day 60 following Biostator treatment, during which period glycaemic control improved, as assessed by fasting and post-lunch plasma glucose values and daily glycosuria determined every 10 days. These results suggest that increased HbAI levels may be reversed early by strict blood glucose control during a 3 day period. It is concluded that HbAI levels not only reflect long-term glycaemic control, but also recent acute variations in mean blood glucose values.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Artificial beta-cell application in two cases of insulinoma: a different pattern in beta-cell adenoma and carcinoma.

With the aid of an artificial beta-cell (Biostator, Miles Laboratories Inc.), a different metabolic and biological pattern of behaviour was observed in benign versus malignant insulinoma. In the patient with beta-cell adenoma but not in the one with carcinoma, plasma insulin concentrations decreased promptly and markedly, and blood glucose increased during diazoxide and somatostatin infusion. Moreover, only in the adenoma patient was glucose need characterized by a circadian rhythm with the maximum values during daytime. This behavior could reflect the degree of tumor beta-cell differentiation. The controlled glucose and insulin infusion was of great help during and after surgical treatment.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1979

Therapeutical application of artificial beta-cell in surgery and obstetrics.

An artificial beta-cell (Biostator) was used to control blood glucose concentration in six insulin-dependent diabetics who underwent surgical procedures and in five diabetic women during both vaginal childbirth and Caesarian section. In all cases, an optimal glycometabolic control was achieved before, during, and after surgery and delivery.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Variation induced by a three-days application of the artificial beta-cell on glucagon, growth hormone and catecholamine secretion, glycosylated hemoglobin, and erythrocyte 2,3-diphosphoglycerate concentration.

Five insulin-dependent diabetics with poor metabolic control were examined at the beginning and after a three-day application of artificial endocrine pancreas (AEP). Pancreatic alpha cell function evaluated by arginine infusion (0.5 g/Kg b.w. over 30 minutes) showed no significant differences between the beginning and during artificial beta cell aplication, but the increment in plasma glucagon level over basal values observed in both tests appeared significantly higher at 30 and 60 min in comparison with a control group. Growth hormone response to arginine infusion was clearly reduced in the second test. C-peptide concentration appeared very low in basal conditions and during arginine infusion; no improvement was observed after three days of AEP application. Urinary excretion of norepinephrine markedly increased at the beginning of the study, reversed almost to normal during AEP treatment, while minor changes were observed in urinary excretion of epinephrine. The Concentration of glycosylated hemoglobin, markedly higher than normally before the connection with AEP, showed a slight but significant decrease during glucose-controlled insulin infusion. Finally, 2,3-diphosphoglycerate was normal and no modifications were observed in the course of the study.

Arginine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Red cell 2,3-DPG levels in diabetic vasculopathy.

RBC 2,3-DPG resulted statistically increased versus normal subjects in 22 insulin-dependent diabetics affected by arterial vasculopathy and in 19 vasculopathic non-diabetic patients. RBC 2,3-DPG, on the other hand, did not differ from the normal mean in 16 insulin-dependent diabetics without vascular involvement. The increase of RBC 2,3-DPG represents principally a consequence of the vasculopathy.

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Glucagon and carbohydrate disorder in a totally pancreatectomized man (a study with the aid of an artificial endocrine pancreas).

The effect of insulin withdrawal and exogenous glucagon infusion upon blood glucose concentration was investigated in a totally pancreatectomized patient with the aid of an artificial endocrine pancreas. Blood glucose remained unchanged at about 100 mg/100 ml, when insulin infusion was stopped, but rose up to 300 mg/100 ml, during a 12-h period of exogenous glucagon infusion at a rate of 3 ng/kg/min. Fractionation of whole plasma on Bio Gel P-30 revealed no immunoreactive glucagon in the region of true glucagon. This study seems to reinforce the hypothesis that true glucagon is essential in the fasting condition at least in the short term to produce hyperglycemia in insulin deprived diabetics.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Detection of an insertion deletion of region 8q13-q21.2 in a patient with Duane syndrome: implications for mapping and cloning a Duane gene.

Duane syndrome (MIM126800) is an autosomal dominant disease responsible for 1% of all strabismus cases and has been related to a 8q12-13 contiguous gene syndrome. We report on an insertion of chromosome region 8q13-q21.2 on to band 6q25 in a patient presenting with Duane syndrome, mental retardation, and other dysmorphisms. FISH analysis using chromosome 8 radiation hybrid LIA2L indicated a concurrent deletion within the 8q rearranged region. These results were corroborated by STR-PCR analysis and FISH using YAC contig WC8.8 disclosed a deletion in 8q13. Comparison of the two known patients with Duane syndrome associated with deletion of 8q identifies a small region of overlap (SRO) of < 3 cM extending from D8S533 and D8S1767 in which a Duane syndrome locus is assigned. In addition YAC analysis in our patient showed that 8q rearrangement was rather complex since 8q deletion and insertion occurred in two distinct segments separated by a region which maintained its location on 8q.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Echographic and Doppler screening of the forearm arteries in professional volleyball players.

We evaluated nine professional volleyball players by clinical, echographic, and Doppler technique examination of the forearm and digital arteries to determine vascular damage caused by repeated trauma. The results of these tests showed that one-third of the subjects had vascular lesions in the right hand; only one of these was symptomatic. This suggests that noninvasive screening should be recommended and included in the regular medical check-ups of professional athletes in whom repeated trauma to the hand is likely, such as volleyball players.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion treatment in insulin-dependent diabetic patients: a comparison with conventional optimized treatment in a long-term study.

The effects of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) by portable pump (Microjet MC2, Miles) and conventional optimized insulin therapy (OCT) on metabolic control were compared in a group of five insulin-dependent diabetic patients. A group of seven normal volunteers was examined as control. CSII treatment consisted of a basal insulin infusion and three boluses of 60 min, starting 30 min before each main meal. OCT was characterized by three daily s.c. insulin injections: regular insulin before breakfast and lunch, regular plus lente before dinner. Two protocols of study were performed. In the first one the metabolic (blood glucose, NEFA, 3-beta-OH-butyrate) and hormonal (free insulin, pancreatic glucagon, cortisol, growth hormone) profiles were examined in the hospital with the patients connected to a "blood glucose monitor," after 45 days of OCT and CSII treatment, respectively. In the course of CSII treatment, a better blood glucose profile was observed than during OCT (OCT: MBG = 162 +/- 18 mg/dl, M = 43 +/- 11, MAGE = 151 +/- 26 mg/dl. CSII: MBG = 133 +/- 8 mg/dl, M = 29 +/- 5, MAGE = 138 +/- 19 mg/dl: P less than 0.05), although the indices remained higher than in normal subjects (MBG = 85 +/- 3 mg/dl, M = 0.98 +/- 0.18, MAGE = 49 +/- 3.6 mg/dl). CSII treatment was also associated with an improvement of NEFA and 3-beta-OH-butyrate profiles. Plasma "free" insulin (IRI) ranged between 18.2 +/- 5.4 and 32 +/- 5.5 microU/ml during CSII. Plasma glucagon (IRG) concentration after overnight fast was 195 +/- 65 pg/ml and 220 +/- 55 pg/ml during OCT and CSII treatment, respectively, with minor changes throughout the day. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

3-Hydroxybutyric Acid↗